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Smad4 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4; Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic transcriptional activity in r [...] (551 aa) | ||||
Slc44a4 | Choline transporter-like protein 4; Choline transporter that plays a role in the choline- acetylcholine system and is required to the efferent innervation of hair cells in the olivocochlear bundle for the maintenance of physiological function of outer hair cells and the protection of hair cells from acoustic injury (By similarity). Also described as a thiamine pyrophosphate transporter in colon, may mediate the absorption of microbiota-generated thiamine pyrophosphate and contribute to host thiamine (vitamin B1) homeostasis. Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family. (707 aa) |