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Sumo2 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier 2; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO [...] (95 aa) | ||||
Ttll4 | Tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL4; Glutamylase which preferentially modifies beta-tubulin and non-tubulin proteins, such as NAP1L1, NAP1L4 and CGAS. Involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction rather than in the elongation step. Involved in formation of short side-chains. Mediates initiation of polyglutamylation of nucleosome assembly proteins NAP1L1 and NAP1L4. Also acts as a monoglutamylase: generates monoglutamylation of CGAS, leading to impair the nucleotidyltransferase activity of CGAS. (1193 aa) |