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SMAD4 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4; In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac- specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'- GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions (By [...] (552 aa) | ||||
RANBP2 | E3 SUMO-protein ligase RanBP2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase which facilitates SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation by UBE2I. Involved in transport factor (Ran-GTP, karyopherin)-mediated protein import via the F-G repeat-containing domain which acts as a docking site for substrates. Binds single-stranded RNA (in vitro). May bind DNA. Component of the nuclear export pathway. Specific docking site for the nuclear export factor exportin-1. Sumoylates PML at 'Lys-490' which is essential for the proper assembly of PML-NB. Recruits BICD2 to the nuclear envelope and cytoplasmic stacks of nuclear pore complex [...] (3224 aa) |