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PABPN1 | poly(A) binding protein, nuclear 1; Involved in the 3’-end formation of mRNA precursors (pre-mRNA) by the addition of a poly(A) tail of 200-250 nt to the upstream cleavage product. Stimulates poly(A) polymerase (PAPOLA) conferring processivity on the poly(A) tail elongation reaction and controls also the poly(A) tail length. Increases the affinity of poly(A) polymerase for RNA. Is also present at various stages of mRNA metabolism including nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNA. Cooperates with SKIP to synergistically activate E-box-mediated transcripti [...] (306 aa) | |||
CSTF1 | cleavage stimulation factor, 3’ pre-RNA, subunit 1, 50kDa; One of the multiple factors required for polyadenylation and 3’-end cleavage of mammalian pre-mRNAs. May be responsible for the interaction of CSTF with other factors to form a stable complex on the pre-mRNA (431 aa) | |||
POLR2I | polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide I, 14.5kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB9 is part of the upper jaw surrounding the central large cleft and thought to grab the incoming DNA template (By similarity) (125 aa) | |||
SNRPA | small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A; Binds stem loop II of U1 snRNA. It is the first snRNP to interact with pre-mRNA. This interaction is required for the subsequent binding of U2 snRNP and the U4/U6/U5 tri-snRNP. In a snRNP-free form (SF-A) may be involved in coupled pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylation process. Binds preferentially to the 5’-UGCAC-3’ motif in vitro (282 aa) | |||
SUGP1 | SURP and G patch domain containing 1; Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing (645 aa) | |||
PRPF6 | PRP6 pre-mRNA processing factor 6 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (941 aa) | |||
TXNL4A | thioredoxin-like 4A; Essential role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U5 snRNP and U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complexes that are involved in spliceosome assembly (142 aa) | |||
CPSF2 | cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 2, 100kDa; Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3’-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. Involved in the histone 3’ end pre-mRNA processing (782 aa) | |||
NUDT21 | nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 21; Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that plays a key role in pre-mRNA 3’-processing. Involved in association with CPSF6 or CPSF7 in pre-MRNA 3’-end poly(A) site cleavage and poly(A) addition. NUDT21/CPSF5 binds to cleavage and polyadenylation RNA substrates. The homodimer mediates simultaneous sequence-specific recognition of two 5’-UGUA-3’ elements within the pre-mRNA. Binds to, but does not hydrolyze mono- and di-adenosine nucleotides. May have a role in mRNA export (227 aa) | |||
SNRPD1 | small nuclear ribonucleoprotein D1 polypeptide 16kDa; May act as a charged protein scaffold to promote snRNP assembly or strengthen snRNP-snRNP interactions through nonspecific electrostatic contacts with RNA (119 aa) | |||
RNPS1 | RNA binding protein S1, serine-rich domain (305 aa) | |||
PRPF8 | PRP8 pre-mRNA processing factor 8 homolog (S. cerevisiae); Functions as a scaffold that mediates the ordered assembly of spliceosomal proteins and snRNAs. Required for the assembly of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex. Functions as scaffold that positions spliceosomal U2, U5 and U6 snRNAs at splice sites on pre-mRNA substrates, so that splicing can occur. Interacts with both the 5’ and the 3’ splice site (2335 aa) | |||
DDX23 | DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 23; Involved in pre-mRNA splicing and its phosphorylated form (by SRPK2) is required for spliceosomal B complex formation (820 aa) | |||
POLR2B | polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B, 140kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each ot [...] (1174 aa) | |||
HNRNPA0 | heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0; mRNA-binding component of ribonucleosomes. Specifically binds AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNAs. Involved in post- transcriptional regulation of cytokines mRNAs (305 aa) | |||
SRRM1 | serine/arginine repetitive matrix 1; Part of pre- and post-splicing multiprotein mRNP complexes. Involved in numerous pre-mRNA processing events. Promotes constitutive and exonic splicing enhancer (ESE)-dependent splicing activation by bridging together sequence-specific (SR family proteins, SFRS4, SFRS5 and TRA2B/SFRS10) and basal snRNP (SNRP70 and SNRPA1) factors of the spliceosome. Stimulates mRNA 3’-end cleavage independently of the formation of an exon junction complex. Binds both pre-mRNA and spliced mRNA 20-25 nt upstream of exon-exon junctions. Binds RNA and DNA with low sequen [...] (904 aa) | |||
HNRNPF | heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F; Component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes which provide the substrate for the processing events that pre-mRNAs undergo before becoming functional, translatable mRNAs in the cytoplasm. Plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing events. Binds G-rich sequences in pre-mRNAs and keeps target RNA in an unfolded state (415 aa) | |||
GTF2F2 | general transcription factor IIF, polypeptide 2, 30kDa; TFIIF is a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and helps to recruit it to the initiation complex in collaboration with TFIIB. It promotes transcription elongation. This subunit shows ATP-dependent DNA- helicase activity (249 aa) | |||
RBM5 | RNA binding motif protein 5 (815 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
SF3B5 | splicing factor 3b, subunit 5, 10kDa (86 aa) | |||
HNRNPK | heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K; One of the major pre-mRNA-binding proteins. Binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. Likely to play a role in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. Can also bind poly(C) single- stranded DNA. Plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. When sumoylated, acts as a transcriptional coactivator of p53/TP53, playing a role in p21/CDKN1A and 14-3-3 sigma/SFN induction (By similarity). As far as transcription [...] (464 aa) | |||
HNRNPUL1 | heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like 1 (856 aa) | |||
GTF2F1 | general transcription factor IIF, polypeptide 1, 74kDa; TFIIF is a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and helps to recruit it to the initiation complex in collaboration with TFIIB. It promotes transcription elongation (517 aa) | |||
SNRPE | small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide E; Appears to function in the U7 snRNP complex that is involved in histone 3’-end processing. Associated with snRNP U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 (92 aa) |