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GSS | glutathione synthetase (474 aa) | |||
LAP3 | leucine aminopeptidase 3; Presumably involved in the processing and regular turnover of intracellular proteins. Catalyzes the removal of unsubstituted N-terminal amino acids from various peptides (519 aa) | |||
GCLC | glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit (637 aa) | |||
CAT | catalase; Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Promotes growth of cells including T-cells, B-cells, myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, mastocytoma cells and normal and transformed fibroblast cells (527 aa) | |||
GOT2 | glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, mitochondrial (aspartate aminotransferase 2); Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L- tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Important for metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol. Facilitates cellular uptake of long-chain free fatty acids (430 aa) | |||
GGT1 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 1; Initiates extracellular glutathione (GSH) breakdown, provides cells with a local cysteine supply and contributes to maintain intracellular GSH level. It is part of the cell antioxidant defense mechanism. Catalyzes the transfer of the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to amino acids and dipeptide acceptors. Alternatively, glutathione can be hydrolyzed to give Cys-Gly and gamma glutamate. Isoform 3 seems to be inactive (569 aa) | |||
CDO1 | cysteine dioxygenase, type I; Initiates several important metabolic pathways related to pyruvate and several sulfurate compounds including sulfate, hypotaurine and taurine. Critical regulator of cellular cysteine concentrations. Has an important role in maintaining the hepatic concentation of intracellular free cysteine within a proper narrow range (200 aa) | |||
GAD2 | glutamate decarboxylase 2 (pancreatic islets and brain, 65kDa); Catalyzes the production of GABA (585 aa) | |||
USP14 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (tRNA-guanine transglycosylase); Proteasome-associated deubiquitinase which releases ubiquitin from the proteasome targeted ubiquitinated proteins. Ensures the regeneration of ubiquitin at the proteasome. Is a reversibly associated subunit of the proteasome and a large fraction of proteasome-free protein exists within the cell. Required for the degradation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 which is critical for CXCL12-induced cell chemotaxis. Serves also as a physiological inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) under the non-stres [...] (494 aa) | |||
GGCT | gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase; Catalyzes the formation of 5-oxoproline from gamma- glutamyl dipeptides and may play a significant role in glutathione homeostasis. Induces release of cytochrome c from mitochondria with resultant induction of apoptosis (188 aa) | |||
GLUD1 | glutamate dehydrogenase 1; May be involved in learning and memory reactions by increasing the turnover of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (By similarity) (558 aa) | |||
ANPEP | alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase; Broad specificity aminopeptidase. Plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. May play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone disease. May be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides of diverse cell types, responsible for the processing of peptide hormones, such as angiotensin III and IV, neuropeptides, and chemokines. Found to cleave antigen peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules of presenting cells and to degrad [...] (967 aa) | |||
PPID | peptidylprolyl isomerase D; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Proposed to act as a co-chaperone in HSP90 complexes such as in unligated steroid receptors heterocomplexes. Different co-chaperones seem to compete for association with HSP90 thus establishing distinct HSP90-co-chaperone-receptor complexes with the potential to exert tissue-specific receptor activity control. May have a preference for estrogen receptor complexes and is not found in glucocorticoid receptor complexes. May be i [...] (370 aa) | |||
GLUL | glutamate-ammonia ligase; This enzyme has 2 functions- it catalyzes the production of glutamine and 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA), the latter in a pyridoxal phosphate-independent manner (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts (373 aa) | |||
GLS | glutaminase; Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the brain. Isoform 2 lacks catalytic activity (669 aa) | |||
CNDP2 | CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family); Hydrolyzes a variety of dipeptides including L-carnosine but has a strong preference for Cys-Gly. Isoform 2 may be play a role as tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells (475 aa) | |||
GLUD2 | glutamate dehydrogenase 2; Important for recycling the chief excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, during neurotransmission (558 aa) | |||
GGT7 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 7; Cleaves glutathione conjugates (By similarity) (662 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
GAD1 | glutamate decarboxylase 1 (brain, 67kDa); Catalyzes the production of GABA (594 aa) | |||
GCLM | glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit (274 aa) | |||
GOT1 | glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble (aspartate aminotransferase 1); Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L- cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is conve [...] (413 aa) | |||
CTH | cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase); Catalyzes the last step in the trans-sulfuration pathway from methionine to cysteine. Has broad substrate specificity. Converts cystathionine to cysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate. Converts two cysteine molecules to lanthionine and hydrogen sulfide. Can also accept homocysteine as substrate. Specificity depends on the levels of the endogenous substrates. Generates the endogenous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and so contributes to the regulation of blood pressure. Acts as a cysteine-protein sulfhydrase by mediating sulfhydration [...] (405 aa) | |||
ALDH18A1 | aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family, member A1 (795 aa) | |||
GGT5 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 5; Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione conjugates, but maybe not glutathione itself. Converts leukotriene C4 (LTC4) to leukotriene D4 (LTD4) (587 aa) | |||
GGT6 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 6; Cleaves glutathione conjugates (By similarity) (493 aa) |