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VRK1 | vaccinia related kinase 1; Serine/threonine kinase involved in Golgi disassembly during the cell cycle- following phosphorylation by PLK3 during mitosis, required to induce Golgi fragmentation. Acts by mediating phosphorylation of downstream target protein. Phosphorylates ’Thr- 18’ of p53/TP53 and may thereby prevent the interaction between p53/TP53 and MDM2. Phosphorylates casein and histone H3. Phosphorylates BANF1- disrupts its ability to bind DNA, reduces its binding to LEM domain-containing proteins and causes its relocalization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (396 aa) | |||
STK38 | serine/threonine kinase 38; Negative regulator of MAP3K1/2 signaling. Converts MAP3K2 from its phosphorylated form to its non-phosphorylated form and inhibits autophosphorylation of MAP3K2 (465 aa) | |||
GNAZ | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha z polypeptide; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (355 aa) | |||
SMO | smoothened, frizzled family receptor; G protein-coupled receptor that probably associates with the patched protein (PTCH) to transduce the hedgehog’s proteins signal. Binding of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to its receptor patched is thought to prevent normal inhibition by patched of smoothened (SMO). Required for the accumulation of KIF7 and GLI3 in the cilia (787 aa) | |||
GNAO1 | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide O; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(o) protein function is not clear. Stimulated by RGS14 (354 aa) | |||
FBXW11 | F-box and WD repeat domain containing 11; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F- box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Probably recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKBIA, which degradation frees the associated NFKB1 to translocate into the nucleus and to activate transcription. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiq [...] (542 aa) | |||
ARRB2 | arrestin, beta 2 (409 aa) | |||
AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine- protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation o [...] (480 aa) | |||
IHH | Indian hedgehog; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Binds to the patched (PTC) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes. Implicated in endochondral ossification- may regulate the balance between growth and ossification of the developing bones. Induces the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP) (By similarity) (411 aa) | |||
SHH | sonic hedgehog; Binds to the patched (PTC) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes. In the absence of SHH, PTC represses the constitutive signaling activity of SMO. Also regulates another target, the gli oncogene. Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development- signal produced by the notochord that induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube and somites, and the polarizing signal for patterning of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb bud. Displays both floor plate- [...] (462 aa) | |||
ILK | integrin-linked kinase; Receptor-proximal protein kinase regulating integrin- mediated signal transduction. May act as a mediator of inside-out integrin signaling. Focal adhesion protein part of the complex ILK-PINCH. This complex is considered to be one of the convergence points of integrin- and growth factor-signaling pathway. Could be implicated in mediating cell architecture, adhesion to integrin substrates and anchorage-dependent growth in epithelial cells. Phosphorylates beta-1 and beta-3 integrin subunit on serine and threonine residues, but also AKT1 and GSK3B (452 aa) | |||
ADRBK1 | adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 1; Specifically phosphorylates the agonist-occupied form of the beta-adrenergic and closely related receptors, probably inducing a desensitization of them. Key regulator of LPAR1 signaling. Competes with RALA for binding to LPAR1 thus affecting the signaling properties of the receptor. Desensitizes LPAR1 and LPAR2 in a phosphorylation-independent manner (689 aa) | |||
RAB23 | RAB23, member RAS oncogene family; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. Together with SUFU, prevents nuclear import of GLI1, and thereby inhibits GLI1 transcription factor activity. Regulates GLI1 in differentiating chondrocytes. Likewise, regulates [...] (237 aa) | |||
PTCH1 | patched 1 (1447 aa) | |||
GNG2 | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein- effector interaction (By similarity) (71 aa) | |||
VRK2 | vaccinia related kinase 2 (508 aa) | |||
GNAI1 | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 1 (354 aa) | |||
NEDD4 | neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (1247 aa) | |||
GNAI3 | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. G(k) is the stimulatory G protein of receptor- regulated K(+) channels. The active GTP-bound form prevents the association of RGS14 with centrosomes and is required for the translocation of RGS14 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. May play a role in cell division (354 aa) | |||
SUFU | suppressor of fused homolog (Drosophila); Negative regulator in the hedgehog signaling pathway. Down-regulates GLI1-mediated transactivation of target genes. Part of a corepressor complex that acts on DNA-bound GLI1. May also act by linking GLI1 to BTRC and thereby targeting GLI1 to degradation by the proteasome. Sequesters GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3 in the cytoplasm, this effect is overcome by binding of STK36 to both SUFU and a GLI protein. Negative regulator of beta-catenin signaling. Regulates the formation of either the repressor form (GLI3R) or the activator form (GLI3A) of the full len [...] (484 aa) | |||
BTRC | beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F- box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins. SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination of CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling. SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination of NFKBIA, NFKBIB and NFKBIE; the degradation frees the associated NFKB1 to translocate into the nucleus and to activate transcription. Ubiquitination of N [...] (605 aa) | |||
PTCH2 | patched 2; May have a role in epidermal development. May act as a receptor for Sonic hedgehog (SHH) (1203 aa) | |||
GNB1 | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein- effector interaction (340 aa) | |||
STK38L | serine/threonine kinase 38 like; Involved in the regulation of structural processes in differentiating and mature neuronal cells (By similarity) (464 aa) | |||
ARRB1 | arrestin, beta 1; Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G- protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and re [...] (418 aa) |