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NME1 | NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. Possesses nucleoside-diphosphate kinase, serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, geranyl and farnesyl pyrophosphate kinase, histidine protein kinase and 3’-5’ exonuclease activities. Involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein- coupled receptor endocytosis, and gene expression. Required for neural development including neural patterning and cell fate determination (177 aa) | |||
NME3 | NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Probably has a role in normal hematopoiesis by inhibition of granulocyte differentiation and induction of apoptosis (169 aa) | |||
NME4 | NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP (By similarity) (187 aa) | |||
RRM2B | ribonucleotide reductase M2 B (TP53 inducible) (351 aa) | |||
CMPK2 | cytidine monophosphate (UMP-CMP) kinase 2, mitochondrial; May participate in dUTP and dCTP synthesis in mitochondria. Is able to phosphorylate dUMP, dCMP, CMP, UMP and monophosphates of the pyrimidine nucleoside analogs ddC, dFdC, araC, BVDU and FdUrd with ATP as phosphate donor. Efficacy is highest for dUMP followed by dCMP; CMP and UMP are poor substrates. May be involved in mtDNA depletion caused by long term treatment with ddC or other pyrimidine analogs (449 aa) | |||
NME5 | NME/NM23 family member 5; Does not seem to have NDK kinase activity. Confers protection from cell death by Bax and alters the cellular levels of several antioxidant enzymes including Gpx5. May play a role in spermiogenesis by increasing the ability of late-stage spermatids to eliminate reactive oxygen species (By similarity) (212 aa) | |||
AK7 | adenylate kinase 7; Adenylate kinase involved in maintaining ciliary structure and function (By similarity). Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP (723 aa) | |||
TP53 | tumor protein p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression (By similarity) (393 aa) | |||
AK8 | adenylate kinase 8; Adenylate kinase. Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP (479 aa) | |||
RRM1 | ribonucleotide reductase M1; Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides (By similarity) (792 aa) | |||
ENTPD3 | ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3; Has a threefold preference for the hydrolysis of ATP over ADP (529 aa) | |||
DTYMK | deoxythymidylate kinase (thymidylate kinase); Catalyzes the conversion of dTMP to dTDP (212 aa) | |||
CANT1 | calcium activated nucleotidase 1; Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > UTP > GTP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis (401 aa) | |||
PKM | pyruvate kinase, muscle (531 aa) | |||
AK4 | adenylate kinase 4; Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. Efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as phosphate donor, but phosphorylates only AMP when using GTP as phosphate donor (223 aa) | |||
HDDC3 | HD domain containing 3; ppGpp hydrolyzing enzyme involved in starvation response (140 aa) | |||
ENTPD5 | ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5; Uridine diphosphatase (UDPase) that promotes protein N- glycosylation and ATP level regulation. UDP hydrolysis promotes protein N-glycosylation and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as elevated ATP consumption in the cytosol via an ATP hydrolysis cycle. Together with CMPK1 and AK1, constitutes an ATP hydrolysis cycle that converts ATP to AMP and results in a compensatory increase in aerobic glycolysis. Also hydrolyzes GDP and IDP but not any other nucleoside di-, mono- or triphosphates, nor thiamine pyrophosphate. Plays a ke [...] (428 aa) | |||
AK5 | adenylate kinase 5; Active on AMP and dAMP with ATP as a donor. When GTP is used as phosphate donor, the enzyme phosphorylates AMP, CMP, and to a small extent dCMP (562 aa) | |||
AK2 | adenylate kinase 2 (239 aa) | |||
ENTPD2 | ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2; In the nervous system, could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission. Hydrolyzes ADP only to a marginal extent. The order of activity with different substrates is ATP > GTP > CTP = ITP > UTP >> ADP = UDP (495 aa) | |||
ENTPD4 | ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4; Hydrolyzes preferentially nucleoside 5’-diphosphates, nucleoside 5’-triphosphates are hydrolyzed only to a minor extent. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP >> GDP = CDP = TDP, AMP, ADP, ATP and UMP are not substrates. Preferred substrates for isoform 2 are CTP, UDP, CDP, GTP and GDP, while isoform 1 utilizes UTP and TTP (616 aa) | |||
NTPCR | nucleoside-triphosphatase, cancer-related; Has nucleotide phosphatase activity towards ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP and UTP. Hydrolyzes nucleoside diphosphates with lower efficiency (190 aa) | |||
GUK1 | guanylate kinase 1; Essential for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP (241 aa) | |||
NME7 | NME/NM23 family member 7; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate (376 aa) | |||
ENTPD1 | ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (522 aa) | |||
ENTPD8 | ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8; Canalicular ectonucleoside NTPDase responsible for the main hepatic NTPDase activity. Ectonucleoside NTPDases catalyze the hydrolysis of gamma- and beta-phosphate residues of nucleotides, playing a central role in concentration of extracellular nucleotides. Has activity toward ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP, but not toward AMP (495 aa) |