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FMO2 | flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (non-functional); Catalyzes the N-oxidation of certain primary alkylamines to their oximes via an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. Inactive toward certain tertiary amines, such as imipramine or chloropromazine. Can catalyze the S-oxidation of methimazole. The truncated form is catalytically inactive (471 aa) | |||
IDH3G | isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (NAD+) gamma (393 aa) | |||
FMO6P | flavin containing monooxygenase 6 pseudogene; It is probable that this protein is only produced in very small quantity or not at all as the gene coding for it seems to be unable to produce full length transcripts (539 aa) | |||
RDH10 | retinol dehydrogenase 10 (all-trans); Retinol dehydrogenase with a clear preference for NADP. Converts all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal. Has no detectable activity towards 11-cis-retinol, 9-cis-retinol and 13-cis-retinol (341 aa) | |||
ALDH1A2 | aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2; Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Does metabolize octanal and decanal but does not metabolize citral, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal efficiently (By similarity) (518 aa) | |||
FMO5 | flavin containing monooxygenase 5; In contrast with other forms of FMO it does not seem to be a drug-metabolizing enzyme (533 aa) | |||
RDH5 | retinol dehydrogenase 5 (11-cis/9-cis); Stereospecific 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of 11-cis retinaldehyde, the universal chromophore of visual pigments. Also able to oxidize 9-cis-retinol and 13-cis-retinol, but not all- trans-retinol. Active in the presence of NAD as cofactor but not in the presence of NADP (318 aa) | |||
RPE65 | retinal pigment epithelium-specific protein 65kDa; Plays important roles in the production of 11-cis retinal and in visual pigment regeneration. The soluble form binds vitamin A (all-trans-retinol), making it available for LRAT processing to all-trans-retinyl ester. The membrane form, palmitoylated by LRAT, binds all-trans-retinyl esters, making them available for IMH (isomerohydrolase) processing to all-cis- retinol. The soluble form is regenerated by transferring its palmitoyl groups onto 11-cis-retinol, a reaction catalyzed by LRAT. The enzymatic activity is linearly dependent of th [...] (533 aa) | |||
ZAP70 | zeta-chain (TCR) associated protein kinase 70kDa; Tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulation of the adaptive immune response. Regulates motility, adhesion and cytokine expression of mature T-cells, as well as thymocyte development. Contributes also to the development and activation of primary B-lymphocytes. When antigen presenting cells (APC) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), a serie of phosphorylations lead to the recruitment of ZAP70 to the doubly phosphorylated TCR component CD247/CD3Z through ITAM motif at the plasma membrane. This recruitment serves to localization t [...] (619 aa) | |||
RDH12 | retinol dehydrogenase 12 (all-trans/9-cis/11-cis); Exhibits an oxidoreductive catalytic activity towards retinoids. Most efficient as an NADPH-dependent retinal reductase. Displays high activity toward 9-cis and all-trans-retinol. Also involved in the metabolism of short-chain aldehydes. No steroid dehydrogenase activity detected. Might be the key enzyme in the formation of 11-cis-retinal from 11-cis-retinol during regeneration of the cone visual pigments (316 aa) | |||
RLBP1 | retinaldehyde binding protein 1; Soluble retinoid carrier essential the proper function of both rod and cone photoreceptors. Participates in the regeneration of active 11-cis-retinol and 11-cis-retinaldehyde, from the inactive 11-trans products of the rhodopsin photocycle and in the de novo synthesis of these retinoids from 11-trans metabolic precursors. The cycling of retinoids between photoreceptor and adjacent pigment epithelium cells is known as the ’visual cycle’ (317 aa) | |||
ALDH1A1 | aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1; Binds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein- bound retinal. Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid (By similarity) (501 aa) | |||
PLIN4 | perilipin 4; May play a role in triacylglycerol packaging into adipocytes. May function as a coat protein involved in the biogenesis of lipid droplets (By similarity) (1357 aa) | |||
DGAT1 | diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis by using diacylglycerol and fatty acyl CoA as substrates. In contrast to DGAT2 it is not essential for survival. May be involved in VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) assembly. In liver, plays a role in esterifying exogenous fatty acids to glycerol. Functions as the major acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) in the skin, where it acts to maintain retinoid homeostasis and prevent retinoid toxicity leading to skin and hair disorders (488 aa) | |||
LRAT | lecithin retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase); Transfers the acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to all-trans retinol, producing all-trans retinyl esters. Retinyl esters are storage forms of vitamin A. LRAT plays a critical role in vision. It provides the all-trans retinyl ester substrates for the isomerohydrolase which processes the esters into 11-cis-retinol in the retinal pigment epithelium; due to a membrane-associated alcohol dehydrogenase, 11 cis-retinol is oxidized and converted into 11-cis-retinaldehyde which is the chrom [...] (230 aa) | |||
FMO1 | flavin containing monooxygenase 1; This protein is involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides. Form I catalyzes the N-oxygenation of secondary and tertiary amines (532 aa) | |||
RGR | retinal G protein coupled receptor; Receptor for all-trans- and 11-cis-retinal. Binds preferentially to the former and may catalyze the isomerization of the chromophore by a retinochrome-like mechanism (295 aa) | |||
FMO3 | flavin containing monooxygenase 3; Involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides. It N-oxygenates primary aliphatic alkylamines as well as secondary and tertiary amines. Plays an important role in the metabolism of trimethylamine (TMA), via the production of TMA N-oxide (TMAO). Is also able to perform S-oxidation when acting on sulfide compounds (532 aa) | |||
PDSS2 | prenyl (decaprenyl) diphosphate synthase, subunit 2; Supplies decaprenyl diphosphate, the precursor for the side chain of the isoprenoid quinones ubiquinone-10 (399 aa) | |||
AOX1 | aldehyde oxidase 1 (1338 aa) | |||
SYK | spleen tyrosine kinase; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates signal transduction downstream of a variety of transmembrane receptors including classical immunoreceptors like the B-cell receptor (BCR). Regulates several biological processes including innate and adaptive immunity, cell adhesion, osteoclast maturation, platelet activation and vascular development. Assembles into signaling complexes with activated receptors at the plasma membrane via interaction between its SH2 domains and the receptor tyrosine- phosphorylated ITAM domains. The association with the receptor can also [...] (635 aa) | |||
IDH3B | isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (NAD+) beta (385 aa) | |||
UBE2G1 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2G 1; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes ’Lys- 48’-, as well as ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination. May be involved in degradation of muscle-specific proteins. Mediates polyubiquitination of CYP3A4 (170 aa) | |||
MLST8 | MTOR associated protein, LST8 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (326 aa) | |||
DDI2 | DNA-damage inducible 1 homolog 2 (S. cerevisiae) (399 aa) | |||
AWAT2 | acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2; Acyltransferase that predominantly esterify long chain (wax) alcohols with acyl-CoA-derived fatty acids to produce wax esters. Wax esters are enriched in sebum, suggesting that it plays a central role in lipid metabolism in skin. Has no activity using decyl alcohol and significantly prefers the C16 and C18 alcohols. May also have 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase (MGAT) and acyl- CoA-retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) activities, to catalyze the synthesis of diacylglycerols and retinyl esters; however this activity is unclear in vivo (333 aa) |