Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Size
small nodes:
protein of unknown 3D structure
protein of unknown 3D structure
large nodes:
some 3D structure is known or predicted
some 3D structure is known or predicted
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
second shell of interactors
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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 | ARSA | arylsulfatase A; Hydrolyzes cerebroside sulfate (509 aa) | ||
 | CERK | ceramide kinase; Catalyzes specifically the phosphorylation of ceramide to form ceramide 1-phosphate. Acts efficiently on natural and analog ceramides (C6, C8, C16 ceramides, and C8-dihydroceramide), to a lesser extent on C2-ceramide and C6-dihydroceramide, but not on other lipids, such as various sphingosines. Binds phosphoinositides (537 aa) | ||
 | SMPD3 | sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3, neutral membrane (neutral sphingomyelinase II); Catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to form ceramide and phosphocholine. Ceramide mediates numerous cellular functions, such as apoptosis and growth arrest, and is capable of regulating these 2 cellular events independently. Also hydrolyzes sphingosylphosphocholine. Regulates the cell cycle by acting as a growth suppressor in confluent cells. Probably acts as a regulator of postnatal development and participates in bone and dentin mineralization (655 aa) | ||
 | NEU2 | sialidase 2 (cytosolic sialidase); Hydrolyzes sialylated compounds (380 aa) | ||
 | SGPP1 | sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1; Has enzymatic activity against both sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P) and dihydro-S1P. Regulates intracellular and extracellular S1P levels (441 aa) | ||
 | CERS4 | ceramide synthase 4; May be either a bona fide (dihydro)ceramide synthase or a modulator of its activity. When overexpressed in cells is involved in the production of sphingolipids containing different fatty acid donors (N-linked stearoyl- (C18) or arachidoyl- (C20) ceramides) in a fumonisin B1-independent manner (By similarity) (394 aa) | ||
 | SMPD2 | sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2, neutral membrane (neutral sphingomyelinase); Converts sphingomyelin to ceramide. Hydrolyze 1-acyl-2- lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PC) and 1-O-alkyl-2-lyso- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-platelet-activating factor). The physiological substrate seems to be Lyso-PAF (423 aa) | ||
 | GALC | galactosylceramidase; Hydrolyzes the galactose ester bonds of galactosylceramide, galactosylsphingosine, lactosylceramide, and monogalactosyldiglyceride. Enzyme with very low activity responsible for the lysosomal catabolism of galactosylceramide, a major lipid in myelin, kidney and epithelial cells of small intestine and colon (685 aa) | ||
 | PPAP2A | phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2A; Broad-specificity phosphohydrolase that dephosphorylates exogenous bioactive glycerolipids and sphingolipids. Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG). Pivotal regulator of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in the cardiovascular system. Major enzyme responsible of dephosphorylating LPA in platelets, which terminates signaling actions of LPA. May control circulating, and possibly also regulate localized, LPA levels resulting from platelet activation. It has little activity towards ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P) an [...] (285 aa) | ||
 | CERS2 | ceramide synthase 2; Suppresses the growth of cancer cells. May be involved in sphingolipid synthesis (380 aa) | ||
 | CERS3 | ceramide synthase 3; May be involved in sphingolipid synthesis or its regulation (By similarity) (383 aa) | ||
 | NEU3 | sialidase 3 (membrane sialidase); Plays a role in modulating the ganglioside content of the lipid bilayer at the level of membrane-bound sialyl glycoconjugates (461 aa) | ||
 | ACER1 | alkaline ceramidase 1; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid at an optimal pH of 8.0. Has a highly restricted substrate specificity for the natural stereoisomer of ceramide with D-erythro-sphingosine but not D-ribo- phytosphingosine or D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine as a backbone. May have a role in regulating the levels of bioactive lipids ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate, as well as complex sphingolipids (By similarity) (264 aa) | ||
 | CERS6 | ceramide synthase 6; May be involved in sphingolipid synthesis or its regulation (By similarity) (384 aa) | ||
 | DEGS2 | delta(4)-desaturase, sphingolipid 2; Bifunctional enzyme which acts as both a sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase and a sphingolipid C4-hydroxylase (By similarity) (323 aa) | ||
 | SGPP2 | sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 2; Has specific phosphohydrolase activity towards sphingoid base 1-phosphates. Has high phosphohydrolase activity against dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in vitro. May play a role in attenuating intracellular sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling. May play a role in pro-inflammatory signaling (399 aa) | ||
 | DEGS1 | delta(4)-desaturase, sphingolipid 1; Has sphingolipid-delta-4-desaturase activity. Converts D-erythro-sphinganine to D-erythro-sphingosine (E-sphing-4-enine) (323 aa) | ||
 | NEU4 | sialidase 4; May function in lysosomal catabolism of sialylated glycoconjugates. Has sialidase activity towards synthetic substrates, such as 2’-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N- acetylneuraminic acid (4-MU-NANA or 4MU-NeuAc). Has a broad substrate specificity being active on glycoproteins, oligosaccharides and sialylated glycolipids (497 aa) | ||
 | CERS5 | ceramide synthase 5; May be either a bona fide (dihydro)ceramide synthase or a modulator of its activity. When overexpressed in cells is involved in the production of sphingolipids containing mainly one fatty acid donor (N-linked palmitoyl- (C16) ceramide) in a fumonisin B1-independent manner (By similarity) (392 aa) | ||
 | PPAP2C | phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2C; Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG). In addition it hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P) and sphingosine-1- phosphate (S-1-P). The relative catalytic efficiency is PA > C-1-P > LPA > S-1-P (309 aa) | ||
 | SMPD1 | sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal; Converts sphingomyelin to ceramide. Also has phospholipase C activities toward 1,2-diacylglycerolphosphocholine and 1,2-diacylglycerolphosphoglycerol. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 have lost catalytic activity (631 aa) | ||
 | ACER2 | alkaline ceramidase 2; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid. Unsaturated long-chain ceramides are the best substrates, saturated long-chain ceramides and unsaturated very long-chain ceramides are good substrates, whereas saturated very long-chain ceramides and short-chain ceramides were poor substrates. The substrate preference is D-erythro-C(18-1)-, C(20-1)-, C(20-4)-ceramide > D-erythro-C(16-0)-, C(18-0), C(20-0)- ceramide > D-erythro-C(24-1)-ceramide > D-erythro-C(12-0)- ceramide, D-erythro-C(14-0)-ceramides > D-erythro-C(24-0)-ceramide > D-eryth [...] (275 aa) | ||
 | GAL3ST1 | galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 1; Catalyzes the sulfation of membrane glycolipids. Seems to prefer beta-glycosides at the non-reducing termini of sugar chains attached to a lipid moiety. Catalyzes the synthesis of galactosylceramide sulfate (sulfatide), a major lipid component of the myelin sheath and of monogalactosylalkylacylglycerol sulfate (seminolipid), present in spermatocytes (By similarity). Also acts on lactosylceramide, galactosyl 1-alkyl-2-sn-glycerol and galactosyl diacylglycerol (in vitro) (423 aa) | ||
 | SGMS2 | sphingomyelin synthase 2; Sphingomyelin synthases synthesize the sphingolipid, sphingomyelin, through transfer of the phosphatidyl head group, phosphatidylcholine, on to the primary hydroxyl of ceramide. The reaction is bidirectional depending on the respective levels of the sphingolipid and ceramide. Plasma membrane SMS2 can also convert phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to ceramide phosphatidylethanolamine (CPE). Major form in liver. Required for cell growth in certain cell types. Regulator of cell surface levels of ceramide, an important mediator of signal transduction and apoptosis. Re [...] (365 aa) | ||
 | SGMS1 | sphingomyelin synthase 1; Sphingomyelin synthases synthesize the sphingolipid, sphingomyelin, through transfer of the phosphatidyl head group, phosphatidylcholine, on to the primary hydroxyl of ceramide. The reaction is bidirectional depending on the respective levels of the sphingolipid and ceramide. Golgi apparatus SMS1 directly and specifically recognizes the choline head group on the substrate, requiring two fatty chains on the choline-P donor molecule in order to be recognized efficiently as a substrate. Major form in macrophages. Required for cell growth in certain cell types suc [...] (413 aa) | ||
 | PPAP2B | phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B; Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG). In addition it hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P) and sphingosine-1- phosphate (S-1-P). The relative catalytic efficiency is LPA = PA > C-1-P > S-1-P. May be involved in cell adhesion and in cell-cell interactions (311 aa) | ||
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, Homo, Homo sapiens, human, man
Other names: H. sapiens, Homo, Homo sapiens, human, man
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