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GCK | glucokinase (hexokinase 4); Catalyzes the initial step in utilization of glucose by the beta-cell and liver at physiological glucose concentration. Glucokinase has a high Km for glucose, and so it is effective only when glucose is abundant. The role of GCK is to provide G6P for the synthesis of glycogen. Pancreatic glucokinase plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion. Hepatic glucokinase helps to facilitate the uptake and conversion of glucose by acting as an insulin-sensitive determinant of hepatic glucose usage (466 aa) | |||
ALDOC | aldolase C, fructose-bisphosphate (364 aa) | |||
G6PC | glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit; Hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. Forms with the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (SLC37A4/G6PT) the complex responsible for glucose production through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Hence, it is the key enzyme in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels (357 aa) | |||
LCT | lactase; LPH splits lactose in the small intestine (1927 aa) | |||
G6PC3 | glucose 6 phosphatase, catalytic, 3; Hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. May form with the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (SLC37A4/G6PT) a ubiquitously expressed complex responsible for glucose production through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Probably required for normal neutrophil function (346 aa) | |||
GALM | galactose mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase); Mutarotase converts alpha-aldose to the beta-anomer. It is active on D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-galactose, maltose and lactose (By similarity) (342 aa) | |||
TKTL2 | transketolase-like 2; Plays an essential role in total transketolase activity and cell proliferation in cancer cells; after transfection with anti-TKTL1 siRNA, total transketolase activity dramatically decreases and proliferation was significantly inhibited in cancer cells. Plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis (626 aa) | |||
AKR1B1 | aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B1 (aldose reductase); Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols with a broad range of catalytic efficiencies (316 aa) | |||
HK2 | hexokinase 2 (917 aa) | |||
HK3 | hexokinase 3 (white cell) (923 aa) | |||
GLB1 | galactosidase, beta 1; Cleaves beta-linked terminal galactosyl residues from gangliosides, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans (677 aa) | |||
ADPGK | ADP-dependent glucokinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate using ADP as the phosphate donor. GDP and CDP can replace ADP, but with reduced efficiency (By similarity) (496 aa) | |||
TALDO1 | transaldolase 1; Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway (By similarity) (337 aa) | |||
ALDOA | aldolase A, fructose-bisphosphate; Plays a key role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In addition, may also function as scaffolding protein (By similarity) (364 aa) | |||
HKDC1 | hexokinase domain containing 1 (917 aa) | |||
AKR1B10 | aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B10 (aldose reductase); Acts as all-trans-retinaldehyde reductase. Can efficiently reduce aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, and is less active on hexoses (in vitro). May be responsible for detoxification of reactive aldehydes in the digested food before the nutrients are passed on to other organs (316 aa) | |||
TKTL1 | transketolase-like 1; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (By similarity) (596 aa) | |||
PGM1 | phosphoglucomutase 1 (580 aa) | |||
ALDOB | aldolase B, fructose-bisphosphate (364 aa) | |||
H6PD | hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (glucose 1-dehydrogenase); Oxidizes glucose-6-phosphate and glucose, as well as other hexose-6-phosphates (791 aa) | |||
PGM2 | phosphoglucomutase 2; Catalyzes the conversion of the nucleoside breakdown products ribose-1-phosphate and deoxyribose-1-phosphate to the corresponding 5-phosphopentoses. May also catalyze the interconversion of glucose-1-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. Has low glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase activity (612 aa) | |||
G6PD | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; Produces pentose sugars for nucleic acid synthesis and main producer of NADPH reducing power (545 aa) | |||
HK1 | hexokinase 1 (921 aa) | |||
TKT | transketolase; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (623 aa) | |||
GPI | glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Besides it’s role as a glycolytic enzyme, mammalian GPI can function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and an angiogenic factor (AMF) that stimulates endothelial cell motility. GPI is also a neurotrophic factor (Neuroleukin) for spinal and sensory neurons (569 aa) | |||
DERA | deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase (putative); Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy- D-ribose 5-phosphate (By similarity) (318 aa) |