aprataxin and PNKP like factor; Nuclease involved in single-strand and double-strand DNA break repair. Recruited to sites of DNA damage through interaction with poly(ADP-ribose), a polymeric post-translational modification synthesized transiently at sites of chromosomal damage to accelerate DNA strand break repair reactions. Displays apurinic- apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease and 3’-5’ exonuclease activities in vitro. Also able to introduce nicks at hydroxyuracil and other types of pyrimidine base damage

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the ’Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiqu [...]

aprataxin and PNKP like factor; Nuclease involved in single-strand and double-strand DNA break repair. Recruited to sites of DNA damage through interaction with poly(ADP-ribose), a polymeric post-translational modification synthesized transiently at sites of chromosomal damage to accelerate DNA strand break repair reactions. Displays apurinic- apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease and 3’-5’ exonuclease activities in vitro. Also able to introduce nicks at hydroxyuracil and other types of pyrimidine base damage

replication protein A1, 70kDa; Plays an essential role in several cellular processes in DNA metabolism including replication, recombination and DNA repair. Binds and subsequently stabilizes single-stranded DNA intermediates and thus prevents complementary DNA from reannealing

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

histone cluster 1, H2bm; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity)

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

helicase-like transcription factor; Has both helicasee and E3 ubiquitin ligase activities. Possesses intrinsic ATP-dependent nucleosome-remodeling activity; This activity may be required for transcriptional activation or repression of specific target promoters (By similarity). These may include the SERPINE1 and HIV-1 promoters and the SV40 enhancer, to which this protein can bind directly. Plays a role in error-free postreplication repair (PRR) of damaged DNA and maintains genomic stability through acting as a ubiquitin ligase for ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination of chromatin-bound PCNA

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

polymerase (RNA) I polypeptide A, 194kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic core component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. A single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol I. A bridging helix emanates from RPA1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

polymerase (RNA) I polypeptide B, 128kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest core component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol I is composed of mobile elements and RPA2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and probably a clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft (By similarity)

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the cen [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B, 140kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each ot [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 155kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. A single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol III. A bridging helix emanates from RPC1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is th [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptide B; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol III is composed of mobile elements and RPC2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and probably a clamp element that moves to open and close the [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily b, member 1; Core component of the BAF (hSWI/SNF) complex. This ATP- dependent chromatin-remodeling complex plays important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, in cellular antiviral activities and inhibition of tumor formation. The BAF complex is able to create a stable, altered form of chromatin that constrains fewer negative supercoils than normal. This change in supercoiling would be due to the conversion of up to one-half of the nucleosomes on polynucleosomal arrays into asymmetric st [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily c, member 1; Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). May stimulate the ATPase activity of the catalytic subunit of the complex. Also involved in vitamin D-coupled transcription regulation via its association with the WINAC complex, a chromatin-remodeling complex recruited by vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is required for the ligand-bound VDR- mediated transrepression of the CYP27B1 gene. Belongs to the neur [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily c, member 2; Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Can stimulate the ATPase activity of the catalytic subunit of these complexes. May be required for CoREST dependent repression of neuronal specific gene promoters in non-neuronal cells. Also involved in vitamin D-coupled transcription regulation via its association with the WINAC complex, a chromatin-remodeling complex recruited by vitamin D receptor (VDR) [...]

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

TAF1 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 250kDa

ash1 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Histone methyltransferase specifically methylating ’Lys- 36’ of histone H3 (H3K36me)

TAF1 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 210kDa-like; May act as a functional substitute for TAF1/TAFII250 during male meiosis, when sex chromosomes are transcriptionally silenced

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the ’Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiqu [...]

aprataxin and PNKP like factor; Nuclease involved in single-strand and double-strand DNA break repair. Recruited to sites of DNA damage through interaction with poly(ADP-ribose), a polymeric post-translational modification synthesized transiently at sites of chromosomal damage to accelerate DNA strand break repair reactions. Displays apurinic- apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease and 3’-5’ exonuclease activities in vitro. Also able to introduce nicks at hydroxyuracil and other types of pyrimidine base damage

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the ’Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiqu [...]

helicase-like transcription factor; Has both helicasee and E3 ubiquitin ligase activities. Possesses intrinsic ATP-dependent nucleosome-remodeling activity; This activity may be required for transcriptional activation or repression of specific target promoters (By similarity). These may include the SERPINE1 and HIV-1 promoters and the SV40 enhancer, to which this protein can bind directly. Plays a role in error-free postreplication repair (PRR) of damaged DNA and maintains genomic stability through acting as a ubiquitin ligase for ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination of chromatin-bound PCNA

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the ’Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiqu [...]

proliferating cell nuclear antigen; Auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase’s processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory effect on the 3’- 5’ exonuclease and 3’-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic- apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2 activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2. Plays a key role in DNA damage response (DDR) by being conveniently positioned at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication with DNA re [...]

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the ’Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiqu [...]

SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily b, member 1; Core component of the BAF (hSWI/SNF) complex. This ATP- dependent chromatin-remodeling complex plays important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, in cellular antiviral activities and inhibition of tumor formation. The BAF complex is able to create a stable, altered form of chromatin that constrains fewer negative supercoils than normal. This change in supercoiling would be due to the conversion of up to one-half of the nucleosomes on polynucleosomal arrays into asymmetric st [...]

checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the ’Lys-48’-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiqu [...]

ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (herpes virus-associated); Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins such as FOXO4, p53/TP53, MDM2, ERCC6, DNMT1, UHRF1, PTEN and DAXX. Together with DAXX, prevents MDM2 self-ubiquitination and enhances the E3 ligase activity of MDM2 towards p53/TP53, thereby promoting p53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Deubiquitinates p53/TP53 and MDM2 and strongly stabilizes p53/TP53 even in the presence of excess MDM2, and also induces p53/TP53- dependent cell growth repression and apoptosis. Deubiquitination of FOXO4 in presence of hydrogen pero [...]