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STUB1 | STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which targets misfolded chaperone substrates towards proteasomal degradation. Collaborates with ATXN3 in the degradation of misfolded chaperone substrates- ATXN3 restricting the length of ubiquitin chain attached to STUB1/CHIP substrates and preventing further chain extension. Ubiquitinates NOS1 in concert with Hsp70 and Hsp40. Modulates the activity of several chaperone complexes, including Hsp70, Hsc70 and Hsp90. Mediates transfer of non-canonical short ubiquitin chains to HSPA8 th [...] (303 aa) | |||
TNFRSF10A | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10a; Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TNFSF10/TRAIL. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Promotes the activation of NF- kappa-B (468 aa) | |||
TNFSF10 | tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF10A/TRAILR1, TNFRSF10B/TRAILR2, TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4 and possibly also to TNFRSF11B/OPG. Induces apoptosis. Its activity may be modulated by binding to the decoy receptors TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4 and TNFRSF11B/OPG that cannot induce apoptosis (281 aa) | |||
TRAF2 | TNF receptor-associated factor 2; Regulates activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK and plays a central role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. Required for normal antibody isotype switching from IgM to IgG. Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and promotes ’Lys-63’- linked ubiquitination of target proteins, such as BIRC3, RIPK1 and TICAM1. Is an essential constituent of several E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complexes, where it promotes the ubiquitination of target proteins by bringing them into contact with other E3 ubiquitin ligases. Regulates BIRC2 and BIRC3 protein level [...] (501 aa) | |||
TICAM1 | toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1; Involved in innate immunity against invading pathogens. Adapter used by TLR3 and TLR4 (through TICAM2) to mediate NF- kappa-B and interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) activation, and to induce apoptosis. Ligand binding to these receptors results in TRIF recruitment through its TIR domain. Distinct protein- interaction motifs allow recruitment of the effector proteins TBK1, TRAF6 and RIPK1, which in turn, lead to the activation of transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7, NF-kappa-B and FADD respectively (712 aa) | |||
RAF1 | v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase [...] (648 aa) | |||
RIPK1 | receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1; Serine-threonine kinase which transduces inflammatory and cell-death signals (programmed necrosis) following death receptors ligation, activation of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), and DNA damage. Upon activation of TNFR1 by the TNF-alpha family cytokines, TRADD and TRAF2 are recruited to the receptor. Phosphorylates DAB2IP at ’Ser-728’ in a TNF-alpha-dependent manner, and thereby activates the MAP3K5-JNK apoptotic cascade. Ubiquitination by TRAF2 via ’Lys-63’-link chains acts as a critical enhancer of communication with d [...] (671 aa) | |||
TP53 | tumor protein p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression (By similarity) (393 aa) | |||
TNFRSF10B | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10b; Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TNFSF10/TRAIL. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Promotes the activation of NF- kappa-B. Essential for ER stress-induced apoptosis (440 aa) | |||
CASP10 | caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Recruited to both Fas- and TNFR-1 receptors in a FADD dependent manner. May participate in the granzyme B apoptotic pathways. Cleaves and activates caspase- 3, -4, -6, -7, -8, and -9. Hydrolyzes the small- molecule substrates, Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-|-AMC and Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-|-AMC (522 aa) | |||
FADD | Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain; Apoptotic adaptor molecule that recruits caspase-8 or caspase-10 to the activated Fas (CD95) or TNFR-1 receptors. The resulting aggregate called the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation. Active caspase-8 initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases mediating apoptosis. Involved in interferon-mediated antiviral immune response, playing a role in the positive regulation of interferon signaling (208 aa) | |||
BCL2L1 | BCL2-like 1; Potent inhibitor of cell death. Inhibits activation of caspases (By similarity). Appears to regulate cell death by blocking the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) by binding to it and preventing the release of the caspase activator, CYC1, from the mitochondrial membrane. Also acts as a regulator of G2 checkpoint and progression to cytokinesis during mitosis (233 aa) | |||
CASP3 | caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a ’216-Asp-|-Gly-217’ bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop- helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (277 aa) | |||
CFLAR | CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (480 aa) | |||
MAP4K4 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4; Serine/threonine kinase that may play a role in the response to environmental stress and cytokines such as TNF-alpha. Appears to act upstream of the JUN N-terminal pathway. Phosphorylates SMAD1 on Thr-322 (1239 aa) | |||
HSP90AA1 | heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member 1; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function (854 aa) | |||
TRADD | TNFRSF1A-associated via death domain; The nuclear form acts as a tumor suppressor by preventing ubiquitination and degradation of isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A by TRIP12- acts by interacting with TRIP12, leading to disrupt interaction between TRIP12 and isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A (By similarity). Adapter molecule for TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 that specifically associates with the cytoplasmic domain of activated TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 mediating its interaction with FADD. Overexpression of TRADD leads to two major TNF-induced responses, apoptosis and activation of NF-kappa-B (312 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
FAS | Fas (TNF receptor superfamily, member 6) (335 aa) | |||
CASP8 | caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (538 aa) | |||
MAX | MYC associated factor X; Transcription regulator. Forms a sequence-specific DNA- binding protein complex with MYC or MAD which recognizes the core sequence 5’-CAC[GA]TG-3’. The MYC-MAX complex is a transcriptional activator, whereas the MAD-MAX complex is a repressor. May repress transcription via the recruitment of a chromatin remodeling complex containing H3 ’Lys-9’ histone methyltransferase activity (160 aa) | |||
DEDD | death effector domain containing; A scaffold protein that directs CASP3 to certain substrates and facilitates their ordered degradation during apoptosis. May also play a role in mediating CASP3 cleavage of KRT18. Regulates degradation of intermediate filaments during apoptosis. May play a role in the general transcription machinery in the nucleus and might be an important regulator of the activity of GTF3C3. Inhibits DNA transcription in vitro (By similarity) (318 aa) | |||
FAF1 | Fas (TNFRSF6) associated factor 1; Potentiates but cannot initiate FAS-induced apoptosis (650 aa) | |||
TRAF1 | TNF receptor-associated factor 1; Adapter molecule that regulates the activation of NF- kappa-B and JNK. Plays a role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. The heterotrimer formed by TRAF1 and TRAF2 is part of a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that promotes ubiquitination of target proteins, such as MAP3K14. The TRAF1/TRAF2 complex recruits the antiapoptotic E3 protein- ubiquitin ligases BIRC2 and BIRC3 to TNFRSF1B/TNFR2 (416 aa) | |||
ITCH | itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (862 aa) | |||
DEDD2 | death effector domain containing 2; May play a critical role in death receptor-induced apoptosis and may target CASP8 and CASP10 to the nucleus. May regulate degradation of intermediate filaments during apoptosis. May play a role in the general transcription machinery in the nucleus and might be an important regulator of the activity of GTF3C3 (326 aa) |