Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Size
small nodes:
protein of unknown 3D structure
protein of unknown 3D structure
large nodes:
some 3D structure is known or predicted
some 3D structure is known or predicted
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
second shell of interactors
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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 | NME8 | NME/NM23 family member 8; Probably required during the final stages of sperm tail maturation in the testis and/or epididymis, where extensive disulfide bonding of fibrous sheath (FS) proteins occurs. May be involved in the reduction of disulfide bonds within the sperm FS components. In vitro, it has neither NDP kinase nor reducing activity on disulfide bonds (588 aa) | ||
 | HMOX1 | heme oxygenase (decycling) 1; Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed (288 aa) | ||
 | HMOX2 | heme oxygenase (decycling) 2; Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Heme oxygenase 2 could be implicated in the production of carbon monoxide in brain where it could act as a neurotransmitter (316 aa) | ||
 | MAT2A | methionine adenosyltransferase II, alpha; Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP (By similarity) (395 aa) | ||
 | TXNDC2 | thioredoxin domain containing 2 (spermatozoa); Probably plays a regulatory role in sperm development. May participate in regulation of fibrous sheath (FS) assembly by supporting the formation of disulfide bonds during sperm tail morphogenesis. May also be required to rectify incorrect disulfide pairing and generate suitable pairs between the FS constituents. Can reduce disulfide bonds in vitro in the presence of NADP and thioredoxin reductase (553 aa) | ||
 | PDILT | protein disulfide isomerase-like, testis expressed; Probable redox-inactive chaperone involved in spermatogenesis (584 aa) | ||
 | MSRA | methionine sulfoxide reductase A; Has an important function as a repair enzyme for proteins that have been inactivated by oxidation. Catalyzes the reversible oxidation-reduction of methionine sulfoxide in proteins to methionine (235 aa) | ||
 | PDIA5 | protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 5 (519 aa) | ||
 | P4HB | prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide; This multifunctional protein catalyzes the formation, breakage and rearrangement of disulfide bonds. At the cell surface, seems to act as a reductase that cleaves disulfide bonds of proteins attached to the cell. May therefore cause structural modifications of exofacial proteins. Inside the cell, seems to form/rearrange disulfide bonds of nascent proteins. At high concentrations, functions as a chaperone that inhibits aggregation of misfolded proteins. At low concentrations, facilitates aggregation (anti-chaperone activity). May be involved with [...] (508 aa) | ||
 | UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | ||
 | GPX4 | glutathione peroxidase 4; Protects cells against membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death. Required for normal sperm development and male fertility. Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Essential for embryonic development. Protects from radiation and oxidative damage (By similarity) (197 aa) | ||
 | MSRB3 | methionine sulfoxide reductase B3; Catalyzes the reduction of free and protein-bound methionine sulfoxide to methionine. Isoform 2 is essential for hearing (192 aa) | ||
 | GPX6 | glutathione peroxidase 6 (olfactory) (221 aa) | ||
 | GPX7 | glutathione peroxidase 7; It protects esophageal epithelia from hydrogen peroxide- induced oxidative stress. It suppresses acidic bile acid-induced reactive oxigen species (ROS) and protects against oxidative DNA damage and double-strand breaks (187 aa) | ||
 | MSRB1 | methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (116 aa) | ||
 | CTH | cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase); Catalyzes the last step in the trans-sulfuration pathway from methionine to cysteine. Has broad substrate specificity. Converts cystathionine to cysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate. Converts two cysteine molecules to lanthionine and hydrogen sulfide. Can also accept homocysteine as substrate. Specificity depends on the levels of the endogenous substrates. Generates the endogenous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and so contributes to the regulation of blood pressure. Acts as a cysteine-protein sulfhydrase by mediating sulfhydration [...] (405 aa) | ||
 | MAT1A | methionine adenosyltransferase I, alpha; Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP (By similarity) (395 aa) | ||
 | TXNDC8 | thioredoxin domain containing 8 (spermatozoa); May be required for post-translational modifications of proteins required for acrosomal biogenesis. May act by reducing disulfide bonds within the sperm (115 aa) | ||
 | TXN | thioredoxin; Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates A [...] (105 aa) | ||
 | MSRB2 | methionine sulfoxide reductase B2; Catalyzes the reduction of free and protein-bound methionine sulfoxide to methionine (By similarity). Upon oxidative stress, may play a role in the preservation of mitochondrial integrity by decreasing the intracellular reactive oxygen species build-up through its scavenging role, hence contributing to cell survival and protein maintenance (182 aa) | ||
 | TXNDC5 | thioredoxin domain containing 5 (endoplasmic reticulum); Possesses thioredoxin activity. Has been shown to reduce insulin disulfide bonds. Also complements protein disulfide- isomerase deficiency in yeast (By similarity) (432 aa) | ||
 | GPX3 | glutathione peroxidase 3 (plasma); Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione (226 aa) | ||
 | GPX2 | glutathione peroxidase 2 (gastrointestinal); Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested organic hydroperoxides. Tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and linoleic acid hydroperoxide but not phosphatidycholine hydroperoxide, can act as acceptors (190 aa) | ||
 | GPX5 | glutathione peroxidase 5 (epididymal androgen-related protein); Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids (221 aa) | ||
 | GPX1 | glutathione peroxidase 1; Protects the hemoglobin in erythrocytes from oxidative breakdown (203 aa) | ||
 | GPX8 | glutathione peroxidase 8 (putative) (209 aa) | ||
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, Homo, Homo sapiens, human, man
Other names: H. sapiens, Homo, Homo sapiens, human, man
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