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MAPK12 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 12; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK12 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstre [...] (367 aa) | |||
MAPK14 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 14; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK14 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are a [...] (360 aa) | |||
HAND1 | heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 1; Transcription factor that plays an essential role in both trophoblast-giant cells differentiation and in cardiac morphogenesis. In the adult, could be required for ongoing expression of cardiac-specific genes. Binds the DNA sequence 5’- NRTCTG-3’ (non-canonical E-box) (By similarity) (215 aa) | |||
ID2 | inhibitor of DNA binding 2, dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein; ID (inhibitor of DNA binding) HLH proteins lack a basic DNA-binding domain but are able to form heterodimers with other HLH proteins, thereby inhibiting DNA binding. ID-2 may be an inhibitor of tissue-specific gene expression (134 aa) | |||
TCF21 | transcription factor 21; Involved in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in kidney and lung morphogenesis that include epithelial differentiation and branching morphogenesis. May play a role in the specification or differentiation of one or more subsets of epicardial cell types (179 aa) | |||
MYOG | myogenin (myogenic factor 4); Involved in muscle differentiation (myogenic factor). Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Probable sequence specific DNA-binding protein (224 aa) | |||
TWIST1 | twist homolog 1 (Drosophila); Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Inhibits myogenesis by sequestrating E proteins, inhibiting trans-activation by MEF2, and inhibiting DNA-binding by MYOD1 through physical interaction. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins. Also represses expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFA and IL1B. Regulates cranial suture patterning and fusion. Activates transcription as a heterodimer with E proteins. Regulates gene expression differentially, depending on dimer composition. Homodimers induce expression of FGFR2 and PO [...] (202 aa) | |||
TCF15 | transcription factor 15 (basic helix-loop-helix); May function as an early transcriptional regulator, involved in the patterning of the mesoderm and in lineage determination of cell types derived from the mesoderm (199 aa) | |||
MYOD1 | myogenic differentiation 1; Involved in muscle differentiation (myogenic factor). Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Activates muscle-specific promoters. Interacts with and is inhibited by the twist protein. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins (By similarity) (320 aa) | |||
LMO2 | LIM domain only 2 (rhombotin-like 1); Acts with TAL1/SCL to regulate red blood cell development. Also acts with LDB1 to maintain erythroid precursors in an immature state (227 aa) | |||
EP300 | E1A binding protein p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling. Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes. Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation. Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Also functions as acetyltransferase for nonhistone targets. Acetylates ’Lys-131’ of ALX1 and acts as its coactivator in the presence of CREBBP. Acetylates SIRT2 and is proposed to indirectly increase the transcriptional activity of TP53 through acetylation and [...] (2414 aa) | |||
ASCL1 | achaete-scute complex homolog 1 (Drosophila); Transcriptional regulator. May play a role at early stages of development of specific neural lineages in most regions of the CNS, and of several lineages in the PNS. Essential for the generation of olfactory and autonomic neurons. Involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. Mediates transcription activation by binding to the E box (5’-CANNTG-3’) (236 aa) | |||
TAL1 | T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1; Implicated in the genesis of hemopoietic malignancies. It may play an important role in hemopoietic differentiation. Serves as a positive regulator of erythroid differentiation (By similarity) (331 aa) | |||
NEUROD1 | neuronal differentiation 1 (356 aa) | |||
TCF23 | transcription factor 23; Inhibits E-box-mediated binding and transactivation of bHLH factors. Inhibitory effect is similar to that of ID proteins. Inhibits the formation of TCF3 and MYOD1 homodimers and heterodimers. Lacks DNA binding activity. Seems to play a role in the inhibition of myogenesis (By similarity) (214 aa) | |||
ATOH1 | atonal homolog 1 (Drosophila); Transcriptional regulator. Activates E box-dependent transcription in collaboration with TCF3/E47, but the activity is completely antagonized by the negative regulator of neurogenesis HES1. Plays a role in the differentiation of subsets of neural cells by activating E box-dependent transcription (By similarity) (354 aa) | |||
MSC | musculin; Transcription repressor capable of inhibiting the transactivation capability of TCF3/E47. May play a role in regulating antigen-dependent B-cell differentiation (206 aa) | |||
TCF12 | transcription factor 12; Transcriptional regulator. Involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. Activates transcription by binding to the E box (5’-CANNTG-3’) (706 aa) | |||
MAPK11 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK11 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. MAPK11 functions are mostly redundant with those of MA [...] (364 aa) | |||
MESP2 | mesoderm posterior 2 homolog (mouse); Transcription factor with important role in somitogenesis. Defines the rostrocaudal patterning of the somite by participating in distinct Notch pathways. Regulates also the FGF signaling pathway. Specifies the rostral half of the somites. Generates rostro-caudal polarity of somites by down-regulating in the presumptive rostral domain DLL1, a Notch ligand. Participates in the segment border formation by activating in the anterior presomitic mesoderm LFNG, a negative regulator of DLL1-Notch signaling. Acts as a strong suppressor of Notch activity. To [...] (397 aa) | |||
ASCL4 | achaete-scute complex homolog 4 (Drosophila); Could be a transcriptional regulator involved in skin development (173 aa) | |||
TCF4 | transcription factor 4 (671 aa) | |||
ATOH7 | atonal homolog 7 (Drosophila); Transcription factor involved in the differentiation of retinal ganglion cells (By similarity) (152 aa) | |||
PTF1A | pancreas specific transcription factor, 1a; Transcriptional activator. Binds to the E-box consensus sequence 5’-CANNTG-3’. Plays an important role in determining whether cells allocated to the pancreatic buds continue towards pancreatic organogenesis or revert back to duodenal fates. May be involved in the maintenance of exocrine pancreas-specific gene expression including ELA1 and amylase. Required for the formation of pancreatic acinar and ductal cells (By similarity). Plays an important role in cerebellar development (328 aa) | |||
RUNX1T1 | runt-related transcription factor 1; translocated to, 1 (cyclin D-related) (615 aa) | |||
TWIST2 | twist homolog 2 (Drosophila); Binds to the E-box consensus sequence 5’-CANNTG-3’ as a heterodimer and inhibits transcriptional activation by MYOD1, MYOG, MEF2A and MEF2C. Also represses expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFA and IL1B. Involved in postnatal glycogen storage and energy metabolism (By similarity). Inhibits the premature or ectopic differentiation of preosteoblast cells during osteogenesis, possibly by changing the internal signal transduction response of osteoblasts to external growth factors (160 aa) |