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SOS2 | son of sevenless homolog 2 (Drosophila); Promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP by GTP (By similarity) (1332 aa) | |||
NGEF | neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which differentially activates the GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42. Plays a role in axon guidance regulating ephrin-induced growth cone collapse and dendritic spine morphogenesis. Upon activation by ephrin through EPHA4, the GEF activity switches toward RHOA resulting in its activation. Activated RHOA promotes cone retraction at the expense of RAC1- and CDC42-stimulated growth cone extension (By similarity) (710 aa) | |||
RASGRF2 | Ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2; Functions as a calcium-regulated nucleotide exchange factor activating both Ras and RAC1 through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. Preferentially activates HRAS in vivo compared to RRAS based on their different types of prenylation. Functions in synaptic plasticity by contributing to the induction of long term potentiation (1237 aa) | |||
ARHGDIA | Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the Rho proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. In glioma cells, inhibits cell migration and invasion by mediating the signals of SEMA5A and PLXNB3 that lead to inactivation of RAC1 (By similarity) (204 aa) | |||
FGD2 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 2; Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Activates JNK1 via CDC42 but not RAC1. Binds to phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-monophosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4- monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (By similarity) (655 aa) | |||
TIAM1 | T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1; Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP- dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Activates RAC1, CDC42, and to a lesser extent RHOA (1591 aa) | |||
ABR | active BCR-related (859 aa) | |||
ARHGEF4 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 GTPases. Binding of APC may activate RAC1 GEF activity. The APC-ARHGEF4 complex seems to be involved in cell migration as well as in E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. Required for MMP9 up-regulation via the JNK signaling pathway in colorectal tumor cells. Involved in tumor angiogenesis and may play a role in intestinal adenoma formation and tumor progression (690 aa) | |||
FGD3 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 3; Promotes the formation of filopodia. May activate CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Plays a role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape (By similarity) (725 aa) | |||
TRIO | trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Promotes the exchange of GDP by GTP. Together with leukocyte antigen-related (LAR) protein, it could play a role in coordinating cell-matrix and cytoskeletal rearrangements necessary for cell migration and cell growth (3097 aa) | |||
ARHGEF3 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3 (558 aa) | |||
NET1 | neuroepithelial cell transforming 1; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPase. May be involved in activation of the SAPK/JNK pathway Stimulates genotoxic stress-induced RHOB activity in breast cancer cells leading to their cell death (596 aa) | |||
OPHN1 | oligophrenin 1; Stimulates GTP hydrolysis of members of the Rho family. Its action on RHOA activity and signaling is implicated in growth and stabilization of dendritic spines, and therefore in synaptic function (By similarity). Critical for the stabilization of AMPA receptors at postsynaptic sites (By similarity). Critical for the regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis at presynaptic terminals (By similarity) (802 aa) | |||
RHOT1 | ras homolog family member T1; Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking (By similarity) (691 aa) | |||
ARHGEF18 | Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 18; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. Also act as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Does not act as a GEF for CDC42. The G protein beta-gamma (Gbetagamma) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins act as activators, explaining the integrated effects of LPA and other G-protein coupled receptor agonists on actin stress fiber formation, cell [...] (1173 aa) | |||
AKAP13 | A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13 (2817 aa) | |||
ARHGEF2 | Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2; Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in PubMed-9857026. May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras- GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing sys [...] (986 aa) | |||
ARHGEF11 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 11; May play a role in the regulation of RhoA GTPase by guanine nucleotide-binding alpha-12 (GNA12) and alpha-13 (GNA13). Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPase and may act as GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for GNA12 and GNA13 (1562 aa) | |||
VAV3 | vav 3 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (847 aa) | |||
VAV2 | vav 2 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (878 aa) | |||
FGD1 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 1; Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Plays a role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape (961 aa) | |||
ARHGEF7 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 7 (803 aa) | |||
PLEKHG5 | pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 5 (1083 aa) | |||
ARHGEF16 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 16; Guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor of the RHOG GTPase stimulating the exchange of RHOG-associated GDP for GTP. May play a role in chemotactic cell migration by mediating the activation of RAC1 by EPHA2. May also activate CDC42 and mediate activation of CDC42 by the viral protein HPV16 E6 (709 aa) | |||
GDI2 | GDP dissociation inhibitor 2; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of most Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them (445 aa) | |||
ITSN1 | intersectin 1 (SH3 domain protein); Adapter protein that may provide indirect link between the endocytic membrane traffic and the actin assembly machinery. May regulate the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles. Involved in endocytosis of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) and transferrin receptor (TFR); internalization of ITGB1 as DAB2-dependent cargo but not TFR may involve association with DAB2. Isoform 1 could be involved in brain-specific synaptic vesicle recycling. Inhibits ARHGAP31 activity toward RAC1 (1721 aa) |