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CHMP4B | charged multivesicular body protein 4B; Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential functio [...] (224 aa) | |||
INS | insulin; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver (By similarity) (110 aa) | |||
USP2 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 2; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates polyubiquitinated target proteins such as MDM2, MDM4 and CCND1. Isoform 1 and isoform 4 possess both ubiquitin-specific peptidase and isopeptidase activities. Deubiquitinates MDM2 without reversing MDM2-mediated p53/TP53 ubiquitination and thus indirectly promotes p53/TP53 degradation and limits p53 activity. Has no deubiquitinase activity against p53/TP53. Prevents MDM2-mediated degradation of MDM4. Plays a role in the G1/S cell-cycle progression in normal and cancer cells. Plays a role in the regulation of myogenic differ [...] (605 aa) | |||
PCSK2 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 2 (638 aa) | |||
CPVL | carboxypeptidase, vitellogenic-like; May be involved in the digestion of phagocytosed particles in the lysosome, participation in an inflammatory protease cascade, and trimming of peptides for antigen presentation (476 aa) | |||
FURIN | furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme); Furin is likely to represent the ubiquitous endoprotease activity within constitutive secretory pathways and capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif (794 aa) | |||
USP21 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 21; Deubiquitinates histone H2A, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression, thereby acting as a coactivator. Deubiquitination of histone H2A releaves the repression of di- and trimethylation of histone H3 at ’Lys-4’, resulting in regulation of transcriptional initiation. Regulates gene expression via histone H2A deubiquitination (By similarity). Also capable of removing NEDD8 from NEDD8 conjugates but has no effect on Sentrin-1 conjugates (565 aa) | |||
PCSK4 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4; Involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. Plays a role in transcriptional coactivation. May be involved in stabilizing the multiprotein transcription complex (755 aa) | |||
USP8 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 8; Hydrolase that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from proteins and therefore plays an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation. Converts both ’Lys-48’ an ’Lys-63’-linked ubiquitin chains. Catalytic activity is enhanced in the M phase. Involved in cell proliferation. Required to enter into S phase in response to serum stimulation. May regulate T-cell anergy mediated by RNF128 via the formation of a complex containing RNF128 and OTUB1. Probably regulates the stability of STAM2 and RASGRF1. Regulates endosomal ubiqu [...] (1118 aa) | |||
UBB | ubiquitin B (229 aa) | |||
PCSK6 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (968 aa) | |||
PCSK1 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1; Involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. Substrates include POMC, renin, enkephalin, dynorphin, somatostatin and insulin (753 aa) | |||
HLTF | helicase-like transcription factor; Has both helicasee and E3 ubiquitin ligase activities. Possesses intrinsic ATP-dependent nucleosome-remodeling activity; This activity may be required for transcriptional activation or repression of specific target promoters (By similarity). These may include the SERPINE1 and HIV-1 promoters and the SV40 enhancer, to which this protein can bind directly. Plays a role in error-free postreplication repair (PRR) of damaged DNA and maintains genomic stability through acting as a ubiquitin ligase for ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination of chromatin-bound PCNA (1009 aa) | |||
A2M | alpha-2-macroglobulin; Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique ’trapping’ mechanism. This protein has a peptide stretch, called the ’bait region’ which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the co [...] (1474 aa) | |||
PCSK7 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7; Likely to represent a ubiquitous endoprotease activity within constitutive secretory pathways and capable of cleavage at the RXXX[KR]R consensus motif (785 aa) | |||
HGS | hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate; Involved in intracellular signal transduction mediated by cytokines and growth factors. When associated with STAM, it suppresses DNA signaling upon stimulation by IL-2 and GM-CSF. Could be a direct effector of PI3-kinase in vesicular pathway via early endosomes and may regulate trafficking to early and late endosomes by recruiting clathrin. May concentrate ubiquitinated receptors within clathrin-coated regions. Involved in down- regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase via multivesicular body (MVBs) when complexed with STAM (E [...] (777 aa) | |||
EDN3 | endothelin 3; Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptides (238 aa) | |||
YIF1B | Yip1 interacting factor homolog B (S. cerevisiae) (314 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
WARS | tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase; Isoform 1, isoform 2 and T1-TrpRS have aminoacylation activity while T2-TrpRS lacks it. Isoform 2, T1-TrpRS and T2-TrpRS possess angiostatic activity whereas isoform 1 lacks it. T2-TrpRS inhibits fluid shear stress-activated responses of endothelial cells. Regulates ERK, Akt, and eNOS activation pathways that are associated with angiogenesis, cytoskeletal reorganization and shear stress-responsive gene expression (471 aa) | |||
CTSE | cathepsin E (396 aa) | |||
CTSA | cathepsin A; Protective protein appears to be essential for both the activity of beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase, it associates with these enzymes and exerts a protective function necessary for their stability and activity. This protein is also a carboxypeptidase and can deamidate tachykinins (498 aa) | |||
YIF1A | Yip1 interacting factor homolog A (S. cerevisiae); Possible role in transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi (293 aa) | |||
SYVN1 | synovial apoptosis inhibitor 1, synoviolin; Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin specifically from endoplasmic reticulum-associated UBC7 E2 ligase and transfers it to substrates, promoting their degradation. Component of the endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) system also called ER-associated degradation (ERAD) involved in ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins. Also promotes the degradation of normal but naturally short-lived proteins such as SGK. Protects cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis. Protects neurons f [...] (617 aa) | |||
VPS36 | vacuolar protein sorting 36 homolog (S. cerevisiae); Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. The MVB pathway mediates delivery of transmembrane proteins into the lumen of the lysosome for degradation. The ESCRT-II complex is probably involved in the recruitment of the ESCRT-III complex. Its ability to bind ubiquitin probably plays a role in endosomal sorting of ubiquitinated cargo proteins by ESCRT complexes. The ESCRT-II compl [...] (386 aa) | |||
PCSK5 | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5; Likely to represent a widespread endoprotease activity within the constitutive and regulated secretory pathway. Capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif. Plays an essential role in pregnancy establishment by proteolytic activation of a number of important factors such as BMP2, CALD1 and alpha- integrins (1860 aa) |