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GGT1 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 1; Initiates extracellular glutathione (GSH) breakdown, provides cells with a local cysteine supply and contributes to maintain intracellular GSH level. It is part of the cell antioxidant defense mechanism. Catalyzes the transfer of the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to amino acids and dipeptide acceptors. Alternatively, glutathione can be hydrolyzed to give Cys-Gly and gamma glutamate. Isoform 3 seems to be inactive (569 aa) | |||
CDO1 | cysteine dioxygenase, type I; Initiates several important metabolic pathways related to pyruvate and several sulfurate compounds including sulfate, hypotaurine and taurine. Critical regulator of cellular cysteine concentrations. Has an important role in maintaining the hepatic concentation of intracellular free cysteine within a proper narrow range (200 aa) | |||
ASS1 | argininosuccinate synthase 1; Is indirectly involved in the control of blood pressure (By similarity) (412 aa) | |||
BAAT | bile acid CoA- amino acid N-acyltransferase (glycine N-choloyltransferase); Involved in bile acid metabolism. In liver hepatocytes catalyzes the second step in the conjugation of C24 bile acids (choloneates) to glycine and taurine before excretion into bile canaliculi. The major components of bile are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. In a first step the bile acids are converted to an acyl-CoA thioester, either in peroxisomes (primary bile acids deriving from the cholesterol pathway), or cytoplasmic at the endoplasmic reticulum (secondary bile acids). May catalyze the conjugation [...] (418 aa) | |||
CAD | carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase; This protein is a "fusion" protein encoding four enzymatic activities of the pyrimidine pathway (GATase, CPSase, ATCase and DHOase) (2225 aa) | |||
L2HGDH | L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (463 aa) | |||
GLUD1 | glutamate dehydrogenase 1; May be involved in learning and memory reactions by increasing the turnover of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (By similarity) (558 aa) | |||
HAAO | 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase; Catalyzes the oxidative ring opening of 3- hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde, which spontaneously cyclizes to quinolinate (286 aa) | |||
GLUL | glutamate-ammonia ligase; This enzyme has 2 functions- it catalyzes the production of glutamine and 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA), the latter in a pyridoxal phosphate-independent manner (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts (373 aa) | |||
GLS | glutaminase; Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the brain. Isoform 2 lacks catalytic activity (669 aa) | |||
UPB1 | ureidopropionase, beta; Converts N-carbamyl-beta-aminoisobutyric acid and N- carbamyl-beta-alanine to, respectively, beta-aminoisobutyric acid and beta-alanine, ammonia and carbon dioxide (384 aa) | |||
CNDP2 | CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family); Hydrolyzes a variety of dipeptides including L-carnosine but has a strong preference for Cys-Gly. Isoform 2 may be play a role as tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells (475 aa) | |||
GLUD2 | glutamate dehydrogenase 2; Important for recycling the chief excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, during neurotransmission (558 aa) | |||
ADSSL1 | adenylosuccinate synthase like 1; Component of the purine nucleotide cycle (PNC), which interconverts IMP and AMP to regulate the nucleotide levels in various tissues, and which contributes to glycolysis and ammoniagenesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP (By similarity) (500 aa) | |||
GGT7 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 7; Cleaves glutathione conjugates (By similarity) (662 aa) | |||
IL4I1 | interleukin 4 induced 1; Lysosomal L-amino-acid oxidase with highest specific activity with phenylalanine. May play a role in lysosomal antigen processing and presentation (By similarity) (589 aa) | |||
EARS2 | glutamyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction- glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu) (By similarity) (523 aa) | |||
GAD1 | glutamate decarboxylase 1 (brain, 67kDa); Catalyzes the production of GABA (594 aa) | |||
CNDP1 | carnosine dipeptidase 1 (metallopeptidase M20 family) (507 aa) | |||
EPRS | glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (1512 aa) | |||
GCLM | glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit (274 aa) | |||
GOT1 | glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble (aspartate aminotransferase 1); Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L- cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is conve [...] (413 aa) | |||
ADO | 2-aminoethanethiol (cysteamine) dioxygenase (270 aa) | |||
GGT5 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 5; Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione conjugates, but maybe not glutathione itself. Converts leukotriene C4 (LTC4) to leukotriene D4 (LTD4) (587 aa) | |||
CARNS1 | carnosine synthase 1; Catalyzes the synthesis of carnosine and homocarnosine. Carnosine is synthesized more efficiently than homocarnosine (950 aa) | |||
GGT6 | gamma-glutamyltransferase 6; Cleaves glutathione conjugates (By similarity) (493 aa) |