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SOS2 | son of sevenless homolog 2 (Drosophila); Promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP by GTP (By similarity) (1332 aa) | |||
ARHGDIG | Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) gamma; Inhibits GDP/GTP exchange reaction of RhoB. Interacts specifically with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of post- translationally processed Rhob and Rhog proteins, both of which show a growth-regulated expression in mammalian cells. Stimulates the release of the GDP-bound but not the GTP-bound RhoB protein. Also inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange of RhoB but shows less ability to inhibit the dissociation of prebound GTP (225 aa) | |||
RHOV | ras homolog family member V; Plays a role in the control of the actin cytoskeleton via activation of the JNK pathway (By similarity) (236 aa) | |||
KALRN | kalirin, RhoGEF kinase; Promotes the exchange of GDP by GTP. Activates specific Rho GTPase family members, thereby inducing various signaling mechanisms that regulate neuronal shape, growth, and plasticity, through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton. Induces lamellipodia independent of its GEF activity (1663 aa) | |||
NGEF | neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which differentially activates the GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42. Plays a role in axon guidance regulating ephrin-induced growth cone collapse and dendritic spine morphogenesis. Upon activation by ephrin through EPHA4, the GEF activity switches toward RHOA resulting in its activation. Activated RHOA promotes cone retraction at the expense of RAC1- and CDC42-stimulated growth cone extension (By similarity) (710 aa) | |||
RASGRF2 | Ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2; Functions as a calcium-regulated nucleotide exchange factor activating both Ras and RAC1 through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. Preferentially activates HRAS in vivo compared to RRAS based on their different types of prenylation. Functions in synaptic plasticity by contributing to the induction of long term potentiation (1237 aa) | |||
ARHGDIA | Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the Rho proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. In glioma cells, inhibits cell migration and invasion by mediating the signals of SEMA5A and PLXNB3 that lead to inactivation of RAC1 (By similarity) (204 aa) | |||
TIAM1 | T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1; Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP- dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Activates RAC1, CDC42, and to a lesser extent RHOA (1591 aa) | |||
RAC3 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac3); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as cell spreading and the formation of actin-based protusions including lamellipodia and membrane ruffles (192 aa) | |||
CDC42 | cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Mediates CDC42-dependent cell migration (191 aa) | |||
RHOJ | ras homolog family member J; GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity. Elicits the formation of F-actin-rich structures in fibroblasts and is involved in the regulation of cell morphology (By similarity) (214 aa) | |||
ARHGEF4 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 GTPases. Binding of APC may activate RAC1 GEF activity. The APC-ARHGEF4 complex seems to be involved in cell migration as well as in E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. Required for MMP9 up-regulation via the JNK signaling pathway in colorectal tumor cells. Involved in tumor angiogenesis and may play a role in intestinal adenoma formation and tumor progression (690 aa) | |||
RHOT2 | ras homolog family member T2; Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking. Probably involved in control of anterograde transport of mitochondria and their subcellular distribution (By similarity) (618 aa) | |||
TIAM2 | T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2; Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP- dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Mediates extracellular laminin signals to activate Rac1, contributing to neurite growth. Involved in lamellipodial formation and advancement of the growth cone of embryonic hippocampal neurons. Promotes migration of neurons in the cerebral cortex. When overexpressed, induces membrane ruffling accompanied by [...] (1701 aa) | |||
RHOBTB1 | Rho-related BTB domain containing 1 (696 aa) | |||
NET1 | neuroepithelial cell transforming 1; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPase. May be involved in activation of the SAPK/JNK pathway Stimulates genotoxic stress-induced RHOB activity in breast cancer cells leading to their cell death (596 aa) | |||
ARHGEF18 | Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 18; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. Also act as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Does not act as a GEF for CDC42. The G protein beta-gamma (Gbetagamma) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins act as activators, explaining the integrated effects of LPA and other G-protein coupled receptor agonists on actin stress fiber formation, cell [...] (1173 aa) | |||
AKAP13 | A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13 (2817 aa) | |||
TAGAP | T-cell activation RhoGTPase activating protein; May function as a GTPase-activating protein and may play important roles during T-cell activation (731 aa) | |||
GDI2 | GDP dissociation inhibitor 2; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of most Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them (445 aa) | |||
RHOH | ras homolog family member H; Negative regulator of hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, survival and migration. Critical regulator of thymocyte development and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling by mediating recruitment and activation of ZAP70. Required for phosphorylation of CD3Z, membrane translocation of ZAP70 and subsequent activation of the ZAP70-mediated pathways. Essential for efficient beta-selection and positive selection by promoting the ZAP70-dependent phosphorylation of the LAT signalosome during pre-TCR and TCR signaling. Crucial for thymocyte maturation durin [...] (191 aa) | |||
ARHGEF12 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12; May play a role in the regulation of RhoA GTPase by guanine nucleotide-binding alpha-12 (GNA12) and alpha-13 (GNA13). Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPase and may act as GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for GNA12 and GNA13 (1544 aa) | |||
PLEKHG2 | pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 2; May be a transforming oncogene with exchange activity for CDC42 (By similarity). May be a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAC1 and CDC42. Activated by the binding to subunits beta and gamma of the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide- binding protein (G protein) (1386 aa) | |||
RHOA | ras homolog family member A; Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation. Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. Serves as a target for the yopT cysteine peptidase from Yersinia pestis, vector of the plague, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which causes gastrointestinal disor [...] (193 aa) | |||
MCF2L | MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence-like (1125 aa) |