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ARHGDIG | Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) gamma; Inhibits GDP/GTP exchange reaction of RhoB. Interacts specifically with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of post- translationally processed Rhob and Rhog proteins, both of which show a growth-regulated expression in mammalian cells. Stimulates the release of the GDP-bound but not the GTP-bound RhoB protein. Also inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange of RhoB but shows less ability to inhibit the dissociation of prebound GTP (225 aa) | |||
ECT2 | epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Promotes guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family members of small GTPases, like RHOA, RHOC, RAC1 and CDC42. Required for signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of cytokinesis. Component of the centralspindlin complex that serves as a microtubule-dependent and Rho-mediated signaling required for the myosin contractile ring formation during the cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates the translocation of RHOA from the central spindle to t [...] (883 aa) | |||
RHOQ | ras homolog family member Q; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. May play a role in CFTR trafficking to the plasma membrane. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia (205 aa) | |||
KALRN | kalirin, RhoGEF kinase; Promotes the exchange of GDP by GTP. Activates specific Rho GTPase family members, thereby inducing various signaling mechanisms that regulate neuronal shape, growth, and plasticity, through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton. Induces lamellipodia independent of its GEF activity (1663 aa) | |||
RAC2 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. Augments the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (192 aa) | |||
PLCB2 | phospholipase C, beta 2; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes (1185 aa) | |||
PIK3R3 | phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3 (gamma); Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases through its SH2 domain and regulates their kinase activity. During insulin stimulation, it also binds to IRS-1 (461 aa) | |||
PIP5K1B | phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type I, beta (540 aa) | |||
ARHGDIA | Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the Rho proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. In glioma cells, inhibits cell migration and invasion by mediating the signals of SEMA5A and PLXNB3 that lead to inactivation of RAC1 (By similarity) (204 aa) | |||
RHOB | ras homolog family member B; Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular develo [...] (196 aa) | |||
ABR | active BCR-related (859 aa) | |||
INPP1 | inositol polyphosphate-1-phosphatase (399 aa) | |||
TIAM2 | T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2; Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP- dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Mediates extracellular laminin signals to activate Rac1, contributing to neurite growth. Involved in lamellipodial formation and advancement of the growth cone of embryonic hippocampal neurons. Promotes migration of neurons in the cerebral cortex. When overexpressed, induces membrane ruffling accompanied by [...] (1701 aa) | |||
PLCB4 | phospholipase C, beta 4 (1194 aa) | |||
FGD3 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 3; Promotes the formation of filopodia. May activate CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Plays a role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape (By similarity) (725 aa) | |||
RHOT1 | ras homolog family member T1; Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking (By similarity) (691 aa) | |||
ARHGEF18 | Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 18; Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. Also act as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Does not act as a GEF for CDC42. The G protein beta-gamma (Gbetagamma) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins act as activators, explaining the integrated effects of LPA and other G-protein coupled receptor agonists on actin stress fiber formation, cell [...] (1173 aa) | |||
ARHGEF2 | Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2; Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in PubMed-9857026. May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras- GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing sys [...] (986 aa) | |||
INPP5B | inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase, 75kDa (913 aa) | |||
PLEKHG5 | pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G (with RhoGef domain) member 5 (1083 aa) | |||
RHOH | ras homolog family member H; Negative regulator of hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, survival and migration. Critical regulator of thymocyte development and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling by mediating recruitment and activation of ZAP70. Required for phosphorylation of CD3Z, membrane translocation of ZAP70 and subsequent activation of the ZAP70-mediated pathways. Essential for efficient beta-selection and positive selection by promoting the ZAP70-dependent phosphorylation of the LAT signalosome during pre-TCR and TCR signaling. Crucial for thymocyte maturation durin [...] (191 aa) | |||
PIK3R5 | phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 5; Regulatory subunit of the PI3K gamma complex. Required for recruitment of the catalytic subunit to the plasma membrane via interaction with beta-gamma G protein dimers. Required for G protein-mediated activation of PIK3CG (By similarity) (880 aa) | |||
FGD4 | FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 4; Activates CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Plays a role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape. Activates MAPK8 (By similarity) (766 aa) | |||
MCF2 | MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence (1001 aa) | |||
MCF2L | MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence-like (1125 aa) | |||
P85B | PIK3R2 protein ; Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane (728 aa) |