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DLD | dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. Involved in the hyperactivation of spermatazoa during capacitation and in the spermatazoal acrosome reaction (509 aa) | |||
OGDH | oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide); The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components- 2- oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (1023 aa) | |||
ALDOC | aldolase C, fructose-bisphosphate (364 aa) | |||
PDHX | pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, component X; Required for anchoring dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) to the dihydrolipoamide transacetylase (E2) core of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes of eukaryotes. This specific binding is essential for a functional PDH complex (501 aa) | |||
LDHB | lactate dehydrogenase B (334 aa) | |||
ACSS2 | acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2; Activates acetate so that it can be used for lipid synthesis or for energy generation (714 aa) | |||
MPC2 | mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2; Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria (127 aa) | |||
DLAT | dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle (647 aa) | |||
TKTL2 | transketolase-like 2; Plays an essential role in total transketolase activity and cell proliferation in cancer cells; after transfection with anti-TKTL1 siRNA, total transketolase activity dramatically decreases and proliferation was significantly inhibited in cancer cells. Plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis (626 aa) | |||
LDHC | lactate dehydrogenase C; Possible role in sperm motility (332 aa) | |||
LDHAL6A | lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6A; Displays an lactate dehydrogenase activity. Significantly increases the transcriptional activity of JUN, when overexpressed (332 aa) | |||
PDK1 | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 1; Serine/threonine kinase that plays a key role in regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Plays an important role in cellular responses to hypoxia and is important for cell proliferation under hypoxia. Protects cells against apopt [...] (436 aa) | |||
PDHA2 | pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 2; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle (388 aa) | |||
LDHD | lactate dehydrogenase D (507 aa) | |||
LDHAL6B | lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6B (381 aa) | |||
PDHB | pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) beta; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle (359 aa) | |||
PKM | pyruvate kinase, muscle (531 aa) | |||
ME2 | malic enzyme 2, NAD(+)-dependent, mitochondrial (584 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
ME3 | malic enzyme 3, NADP(+)-dependent, mitochondrial (604 aa) | |||
MPC1 | mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1; Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria (109 aa) | |||
ME1 | malic enzyme 1, NADP(+)-dependent, cytosolic (572 aa) | |||
CPT2 | carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (658 aa) | |||
PDHA1 | pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 1 (428 aa) | |||
PC | pyruvate carboxylase; Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second. Catalyzes in a tissue specific manner, the initial reactions of glucose (liver, kidney) and lipid (adipose tissue, liver, brain) synthesis from pyruvate (1178 aa) | |||
PDK3 | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 3; Inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity by phosphorylation of the E1 subunit PDHA1, and thereby regulates glucose metabolism and aerobic respiration. Can also phosphorylate PDHA2. Decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism in response to prolonged fasting, and as adaptation to a high-fat diet. Plays a role in glucose homeostasis and in maintaining normal blood glucose levels in function of nutrient levels and under starvation. Plays a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (415 aa) |