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RHOV | ras homolog family member V; Plays a role in the control of the actin cytoskeleton via activation of the JNK pathway (By similarity) (236 aa) | |||
RHOQ | ras homolog family member Q; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. May play a role in CFTR trafficking to the plasma membrane. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia (205 aa) | |||
RRAS | related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog; Regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton (218 aa) | |||
RAC2 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. Augments the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (192 aa) | |||
RRAS2 | related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2; It is a plasma membrane-associated GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity. Might transduce growth inhibitory signals across the cell membrane, exerting its effect through an effector shared with the Ras proteins but in an antagonistic fashion (204 aa) | |||
DOCK2 | dedicator of cytokinesis 2; Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for lymphocyte migration in response of chemokines. Activates RAC1 and RAC2, but not CDC42, by functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which exchanges bound GDP for free GTP. May also participate in IL2 transcriptional activation via the activation of RAC2 (1830 aa) | |||
RND3 | Rho family GTPase 3; Binds GTP but lacks intrinsic GTPase activity and is resistant to Rho-specific GTPase-activating proteins (244 aa) | |||
DOCK3 | dedicator of cytokinesis 3; Potential guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). GEF proteins activate some small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Its interaction with presenilin proteins as well as its ability to stimulate Tau/MAPT phosphorylation suggest that it may be involved in Alzheimer disease. Ectopic expression in nerve cells decreases the secretion of beta-amyloid APBA1 protein and lowers the rate of cell-substratum adhesion, suggesting that it may affect the function of some small GTPase involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton or cell adhesion receptors [...] (2030 aa) | |||
RHOF | ras homolog family member F (in filopodia); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Functions cooperatively with CDC42 and Rac to generate additional structures, increasing the diversity of actin- based morphology (211 aa) | |||
RHOB | ras homolog family member B; Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular develo [...] (196 aa) | |||
DOCK5 | dedicator of cytokinesis 5; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho and Rac. GEF proteins activate small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP (1870 aa) | |||
DOCK1 | dedicator of cytokinesis 1; Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates Rac Rho small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Its GEF activity may be enhanced by ELMO1 (1865 aa) | |||
RHOC | ras homolog family member C; Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Serves as a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates apical junction formation in bronchial epithelial cells (193 aa) | |||
CRK | v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog (avian); The Crk-I and Crk-II forms differ in their biological activities. Crk-II has less transforming activity than Crk-I. Crk- II mediates attachment-induced MAPK8 activation, membrane ruffling and cell motility in a Rac-dependent manner. Involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility via its interaction with DOCK1 and DOCK4. May regulate the EFNA5-EPHA3 signaling (304 aa) | |||
RAC3 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac3); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as cell spreading and the formation of actin-based protusions including lamellipodia and membrane ruffles (192 aa) | |||
RND1 | Rho family GTPase 1; Lacks intrinsic GTPase activity. Has a low affinity for GDP, and constitutively binds GTP. Controls rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. Induces the Rac-dependent neuritic process formation in part by disruption of the cortical actin filaments. Causes the formation of many neuritic processes from the cell body with disruption of the cortical actin filaments (232 aa) | |||
RHOD | ras homolog family member D; Involved in endosome dynamics. May coordinate membrane transport with the function of the cytoskeleton. Participates in reorganization of actin cytoskeleton (By similarity) (210 aa) | |||
CASP3 | caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a ’216-Asp-|-Gly-217’ bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop- helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (277 aa) | |||
CDC42 | cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia. Mediates CDC42-dependent cell migration (191 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
CRKL | v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog (avian)-like; May mediate the transduction of intracellular signals (303 aa) | |||
RAC1 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1); Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in ma [...] (211 aa) | |||
CASP7 | caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (336 aa) | |||
ELMO3 | engulfment and cell motility 3; Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Acts in assocation with DOCK1 and CRK. Was initially proposed to be required in complex with DOCK1 to activate Rac Rho small GTPases. May enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK1 (By similarity) (773 aa) | |||
JMJD6 | jumonji domain containing 6; Dioxygenase that can both act as a histone arginine demethylase and a lysyl-hydroxylase. Acts as a lysyl-hydroxylase that catalyzes 5-hydroxylation on specific lysine residues of target proteins such as U2AF2/U2AF65 and LUC7L2. Acts as a regulator of RNA splicing by mediating 5-hydroxylation of U2AF2/U2AF65, affecting the pre-mRNA splicing activity of U2AF2/U2AF65. In addition to peptidyl-lysine 5-dioxygenase activity, may act as a RNA hydroxylase, as suggested by its ability to bind single strand RNA. Also acts as an arginine demethylase which demethylates [...] (414 aa) | |||
DOCK4 | dedicator of cytokinesis 4; Involved in regulation of adherens junction between cells. Plays a role in cell migration. Functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates Rap1 small GTPase by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP (1966 aa) |