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BMPR1A | bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for BMP-2 and BMP-4 (532 aa) | |||
ACVR2A | activin A receptor, type IIA; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for activin A, activin B and inhibin A (513 aa) | |||
BMP4 | bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Also act in mesoderm induction, tooth development, limb formation and fracture repair. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction (By similarity) (408 aa) | |||
AMHR2 | anti-Mullerian hormone receptor, type II; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for anti-Muellerian hormone (573 aa) | |||
ACVR1 | activin A receptor, type I; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for activin. May be involved for left-right pattern formation during embryogenesis (By similarity) (509 aa) | |||
CHRDL2 | chordin-like 2; May inhibit BMPs activity by blocking their interaction with their receptors. Has a negative regulator effect on the cartilage formation/regeneration from immature mesenchymal cells, by preventing or reducing the rate of matrix accumulation (By similarity). Implicated in tumor angiogenesis. May play a role during myoblast and osteoblast differentiation, and maturation (451 aa) | |||
ATF2 | activating transcription factor 2; Transcriptional activator, probably constitutive, which binds to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) (consensus- 5’- GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3’), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Interaction with JUN redirects JUN to bind to CRES preferentially over the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response elements (TRES) as part of an ATF2/JUN complex (505 aa) | |||
BMPR1B | bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for BMP7/OP-1 and GDF5 (502 aa) | |||
GDF7 | growth differentiation factor 7; May play an active role in the motor area of the primate neocortex (By similarity) (450 aa) | |||
BMP10 | bone morphogenetic protein 10; Required for maintaining the proliferative activity of embryonic cardiomyocytes by preventing premature activation of the negative cell cycle regulator CDKN1C/p57KIP and maintaining the required expression levels of cardiogenic factors such as MEF2C and NKX2-5. Acts as a ligand for ACVRL1/ALK1, BMPR1A/ALK3 and BMPR1B/ALK6, leading to activation of SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD8 transcription factors. Inhibits endothelial cell migration and growth (424 aa) | |||
BMPER | BMP binding endothelial regulator; Inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) function, it may regulate BMP responsiveness of osteoblasts and chondrocytes (685 aa) | |||
SOSTDC1 | sclerostin domain containing 1; May be involved in the onset of endometrial receptivity for implantation/sensitization for the decidual cell reaction Enhances Wnt signaling and inhibits TGF-beta signaling (By similarity). Directly antagonizes activity of BMP2, BMP4, BMP6 and BMP7 in a dose-dependent manner (206 aa) | |||
SMAD1 | SMAD family member 1; Transcriptional modulator activated by BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD1 is a receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD). SMAD1/OAZ1/PSMB4 complex mediates the degradation of the CREBBP/EP300 repressor SNIP1 (465 aa) | |||
NKX2-5 | NK2 homeobox 5; Implicated in commitment to and/or differentiation of the myocardial lineage. Acts as a transcriptional activator of ANF in cooperation with GATA4 (By similarity) (324 aa) | |||
NOG | noggin; Essential for cartilage morphogenesis and joint formation. Inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling which is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite (232 aa) | |||
SMAD3 | SMAD family member 3 (425 aa) | |||
ACVR2B | activin A receptor, type IIB; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-2 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin type-1 serine/threonine kinase receptors (ACVR1, ACVR1B or ACVR1c). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought [...] (512 aa) | |||
TGFBR2 | transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa); Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non- promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, i [...] (592 aa) | |||
GSTCD | glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain containing (633 aa) | |||
BMP5 | bone morphogenetic protein 5; Induces cartilage and bone formation (454 aa) | |||
NCOA3 | nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (1424 aa) | |||
ENG | endoglin; Major glycoprotein of vascular endothelium. May play a critical role in the binding of endothelial cells to integrins and/or other RGD receptors (658 aa) | |||
BMPR2 | bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II (serine/threonine kinase); On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Binds to BMP-7, BMP-2 and, less efficiently, BMP-4. Binding is weak but enhanced by the presence of type I receptors for BMPs (1038 aa) | |||
BAMBI | BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor homolog (Xenopus laevis); Negatively regulates TGF-beta signaling (By similarity) (260 aa) | |||
FKBP1A | FK506 binding protein 1A, 12kDa; Keeps in an inactive conformation TGFBR1, the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, preventing TGF-beta receptor activation in absence of ligand. Recruites SMAD7 to ACVR1B which prevents the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. May modulate the RYR1 calcium channel activity. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (108 aa) | |||
BMP7 | bone morphogenetic protein 7; Induces cartilage and bone formation. May be the osteoinductive factor responsible for the phenomenon of epithelial osteogenesis. Plays a role in calcium regulation and bone homeostasis (431 aa) |