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ESR1 | estrogen receptor 1; Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA- binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial [...] (595 aa) | |||
TBP | TATA box binding protein; General transcription factor that functions at the core of the DNA-binding multiprotein factor TFIID. Binding of TFIID to the TATA box is the initial transcriptional step of the pre- initiation complex (PIC), playing a role in the activation of eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is involved in the assembly of the PIC (preinitiation complex) during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. The rate of PIC formation probably is primarily dependent on the rate of association of SL1 wi [...] (339 aa) | |||
NR3C1 | nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid receptor); Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action- as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth. Involved in [...] (778 aa) | |||
HIST1H3B | histone cluster 1, H3b (136 aa) | |||
NR1H2 | nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2; Orphan receptor. Binds preferentially to double-stranded oligonucleotide direct repeats having the consensus half-site sequence 5’-AGGTCA-3’ and 4-nt spacing (DR-4). Regulates cholesterol uptake through MYLIP-dependent ubiquitination of LDLR, VLDLR and LRP8 (By similarity) (460 aa) | |||
RARA | retinoic acid receptor, alpha; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5’-AGGTCA-3’ sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcrip [...] (462 aa) | |||
H3F3B | H3 histone, family 3B (H3.3B); Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play [...] (136 aa) | |||
LMO2 | LIM domain only 2 (rhombotin-like 1); Acts with TAL1/SCL to regulate red blood cell development. Also acts with LDB1 to maintain erythroid precursors in an immature state (227 aa) | |||
SETD1A | SET domain containing 1A; Histone methyltransferase that specifically methylates ’Lys-4’ of histone H3, when part of the SET1 histone methyltransferase (HMT) complex, but not if the neighboring ’Lys- 9’ residue is already methylated. H3 ’Lys-4’ methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. The non-overalpping localization with SETD1B suggests that SETD1A and SETD1B make non-redundant contributions to the epigenetic control of chromatin structure and gene expression (1707 aa) | |||
EED | embryonic ectoderm development; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Component of the PRC2/EED- EZH2 complex, which methylates ’Lys-9’ and ’Lys-27’ of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Also recognizes ’Lys-26’ trimethylated histone H1 with the effect of inhibiting PRC2 complex methyltransferase activity on nucleosomal histone H3 ’Lys-27’, whereas H3 ’Lys-27’ recognition has the opposite effect, enabling the propagation of this repressive mark. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby link [...] (441 aa) | |||
MXD1 | MAX dimerization protein 1; Transcriptional repressor. MAD binds with MAX to form a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein complex which recognizes the core sequence 5’-CAC[GA]TG-3’. MAD thus antagonizes MYC transcriptional activity by competing for MAX (221 aa) | |||
RB1 | retinoblastoma 1; Key regulator of entry into cell division that acts as a tumor suppressor. Promotes G0-G1 transition when phosphorylated by CDK3/cyclin-C. Acts as a transcription repressor of E2F1 target genes. The underphosphorylated, active form of RB1 interacts with E2F1 and represses its transcription activity, leading to cell cycle arrest. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases SUV39H1, SUV [...] (928 aa) | |||
SETD1B | SET domain containing 1B; Histone methyltransferase that specifically methylates ’Lys-4’ of histone H3, when part of the SET1 histone methyltransferase (HMT) complex, but not if the neighboring ’Lys- 9’ residue is already methylated. H3 ’Lys-4’ methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. The non-overalpping localization with SETD1A suggests that SETD1A and SETD1B make non-redundant contributions to the epigenetic control of chromatin structure and gene expression. Specifically tri-methylates ’Lys-4’ of histone H3 in vitro (1923 aa) | |||
SUZ12 | suppressor of zeste 12 homolog (Drosophila); Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Component of the PRC2/EED- EZH2 complex, which methylates ’Lys-9’ (H3K9me) and ’Lys-27’ (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1 and CDKN2A (739 aa) | |||
EZH2 | enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Drosophila) (751 aa) | |||
NR2C2 | nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2; Orphan nuclear receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. An important repressor of nuclear recptor signaling pathways such as retinoic acid receptor, retinoid X, vitamin D3 receptor, thyroid hormone receptor and estrogen receptor pathways. May regulate gene expression during the late phase of spermatogenesis. Together with NR2C1, forms the core of the DRED (direct repeat erythroid-definitive) complex that represses embryonic and fetal globin transcription including that of GATA1. Binds to hormone response elemen [...] (615 aa) | |||
HIST2H3D | histone cluster 2, H3d (136 aa) | |||
ASH2L | ash2 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila); Component of the Set1/Ash2 histone methyltransferase (HMT) complex, a complex that specifically methylates ’Lys-4’ of histone H3, but not if the neighboring ’Lys-9’ residue is already methylated. As part of the MLL1/MLL complex it is involved in methylation and dimethylation at ’Lys-4’ of histone H3. May function as a transcriptional regulator. May play a role in hematopoiesis (628 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
RBPJ | recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region; Transcriptional regulator that plays a central role in Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communication that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Acts as a transcriptional repressor when it is not associated with Notch proteins. When associated with some NICD product of Notch proteins (Notch intracellular domain), it acts as a transcriptional activator that activates transcription of Notch target genes. Probably represses or activates transcription via the recruitment of c [...] (500 aa) | |||
HDAC1 | histone deacetylase 1; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Deacetylates SP proteins, SP1 and SP3, and regulates their function. Component of the BRG1-RB1-HDAC1 complex, which negatively regulates the CREST- mediated transcription in resting neurons. Upon calcium s [...] (482 aa) | |||
RBL1 | retinoblastoma-like 1 (p107); Key regulator of entry into cell division. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases SUV420H1 and SUV420H2, leading to epigenetic transcriptional repression. Controls histone H4 ’Lys-20’ trimethylation. Probably acts as a transcription repressor by recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes to promoters. Potent inhibitor of E2F-mediated trans-activation. Forms a complex with [...] (1068 aa) | |||
KDM5A | lysine (K)-specific demethylase 5A; Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates ’Lys- 4’ of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 ’Lys-9’, H3 ’Lys-27’, H3 ’Lys-36’, H3 ’Lys-79’ or H4 ’Lys-20’. Demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated but not monomethylated H3 ’Lys-4’. May stimulate transcription mediated by nuclear receptors. May be involved in transcriptional regulation of Hox proteins during cell differentiation. May participate in transcriptional repression of cytokines such as CXCL12 (1690 aa) | |||
HDAC2 | histone deacetylase 2; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with MAD, SIN3, YY1 and N-COR. Interacts in the late S-phase of DNA-replication with DNMT1 in the other transcriptional repressor complex composed o [...] (488 aa) | |||
CNOT4 | CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 4 (713 aa) | |||
VDR | vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor; Nuclear hormone receptor. Transcription factor that mediates the action of vitamin D3 by controlling the expression of hormone sensitive genes. Regulates transcription of hormone sensitive genes via its association with the WINAC complex, a chromatin-remodeling complex. Recruited to promoters via its interaction with the WINAC complex subunit BAZ1B/WSTF, which mediates the interaction with acetylated histones, an essential step for VDR-promoter association. Plays a central role in calcium homeostasis (477 aa) |