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GZMB | granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1); This enzyme is necessary for target cell lysis in cell- mediated immune responses. It cleaves after Asp. Seems to be linked to an activation cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) responsible for apoptosis execution. Cleaves caspase-3, -7, -9 and 10 to give rise to active enzymes mediating apoptosis (247 aa) | |||
ATAD2B | ATPase family, AAA domain containing 2B (1458 aa) | |||
FAF2 | Fas associated factor family member 2; May play a role in the translocation of terminally misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen to the cytoplasm and their degradation by the proteasome (445 aa) | |||
UFD1L | ubiquitin fusion degradation 1 like (yeast); Essential component of the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway which degrades ubiquitin fusion proteins. The ternary complex containing UFD1L, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1L-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope. It may be involved in the development of some ectoderm-derived structures (307 aa) | |||
SPATA5 | spermatogenesis associated 5; May be involved in morphological and functional mitochondrial transformations during spermatogenesis (By similarity) (893 aa) | |||
TRIP12 | thyroid hormone receptor interactor 12; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in ubiquitin fusion degradation (UFD) pathway and regulation of DNA repair. Part of the ubiquitin fusion degradation (UFD) pathway, a process that mediates ubiquitination of protein at their N-terminus, regardeless of the presence of lysine residues in target proteins. In normal cells, mediates ubiquitination and degradation of isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A, a lysine-less tumor suppressor required for p53/TP53 activation under oncogenic stress. In cancer cells, however, isoform p19ARF/ARF and TRIP12 are located [...] (1992 aa) | |||
CRK | v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog (avian); The Crk-I and Crk-II forms differ in their biological activities. Crk-II has less transforming activity than Crk-I. Crk- II mediates attachment-induced MAPK8 activation, membrane ruffling and cell motility in a Rac-dependent manner. Involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility via its interaction with DOCK1 and DOCK4. May regulate the EFNA5-EPHA3 signaling (304 aa) | |||
SPATA5L1 | spermatogenesis associated 5-like 1 (753 aa) | |||
UBXN2A | UBX domain protein 2A (259 aa) | |||
ANKZF1 | ankyrin repeat and zinc finger domain containing 1; Involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway (By similarity) (726 aa) | |||
YOD1 | YOD1 OTU deubiquinating enzyme 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae); Hydrolase that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from proteins and participates in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal proteins. May act by triming the ubiquitin chain on the associated substrate to facilitate their threading through the VCP/p97 pore. Ubiquitin moieties on substrates may present a steric impediment to the threading process when the substrate is transferred to the VCP pore and threaded through VCP’s axial channel. Mediates deubiquitination of both ’Lys-48’- and ’Lys-63’-linked [...] (348 aa) | |||
NPLOC4 | nuclear protein localization 4 homolog (S. cerevisiae); The ternary complex containing UFD1L, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1L-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope (By similarity) (608 aa) | |||
OAS2 | 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase 2, 69/71kDa; Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2’-5’-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the [...] (719 aa) | |||
UBQLN2 | ubiquilin 2; Increases the half-life of proteins destined to be degraded by the proteasome; may modulate proteasome-mediated protein degradation (624 aa) | |||
RAD23B | RAD23 homolog B (S. cerevisiae); Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Binds to polyubiquitin chains. Proposed to be capable to bind simultaneously to the 26S proteasome and to polyubiquitinated substrates and to deliver ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome. May play a role in endoplasmic reticulum- associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded glycoproteins by association with PNGase and delivering deglycosylated proteins to the proteasome (409 aa) | |||
VCP | valosin containing protein; Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1L, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the e [...] (806 aa) | |||
UBQLN4 | ubiquilin 4; Plays a role in the regulation of proteasomal protein degradation. Depending on the case, may promote or inhibit proteasomal protein degradation (601 aa) | |||
PSMD4 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 4; Binds and presumably selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Displays selectivity for longer polyubiquitin chains. Modulates intestinal fluid secretion (377 aa) | |||
UBXN11 | UBX domain protein 11 (520 aa) | |||
UBQLN1 | ubiquilin 1; Links CD47 to the cytoskeleton. Promotes the surface expression of GABA-A receptors (By similarity). Promotes the accumulation of uncleaved PSEN1 and PSEN2 by stimulating their biosynthesis. Has no effect on PSEN1 and PSEN2 degradation (589 aa) | |||
UBQLNL | ubiquilin-like (475 aa) | |||
PLAA | phospholipase A2-activating protein; Involved in the maintenance of ubiquitin levels (By similarity) (795 aa) | |||
UBXN2B | UBX domain protein 2B; Adapter protein required for Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum biogenesis. Involved in Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum maintenance during interphase and in their reassembly at the end of mitosis. The complex formed with VCP has membrane fusion activity; membrane fusion activity requires USO1-GOLGA2 tethering and BET1L. VCPIP1 is also required, but not its deubiquitinating activity (331 aa) | |||
UBE4A | ubiquitination factor E4A; Binds to the ubiquitin moieties of preformed conjugates and catalyzes ubiquitin chain assembly in conjunction with E1, E2, and E3 (By similarity) (1073 aa) | |||
NSFL1C | NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47) (372 aa) | |||
RAD23A | RAD23 homolog A (S. cerevisiae); Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Binds to ’Lys-48’-linked polyubiquitin chains in a length-dependent manner and with a lower affinity to ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitin chains. Proposed to be capable to bind simultaneously to the 26S proteasome and to polyubiquitinated substrates and to deliver ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome (363 aa) |