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SIRT1 | sirtuin 1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase that links transcriptional regulation directly to intracellular energetics and participates in the coordination of several separated cellular functions such as cell cycle, response to DNA damage, metobolism, apoptosis and autophagy. Can modulate chromatin function through deacetylation of histones and can promote alterations in the methylation of histones and DNA, leading to transcriptional repression. Deacetylates a broad range of transcription factors and coregulators, thereby regulating target gene expression positively and negatively. Se [...] (747 aa) | |||
CDKN1A | cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1); May be the important intermediate by which p53/TP53 mediates its role as an inhibitor of cellular proliferation in response to DNA damage. Binds to and inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity, preventing phosphorylation of critical cyclin- dependent kinase substrates and blocking cell cycle progression. Functions in the nuclear localization and assembly of cyclin D- CDK4 complex and promotes its kinase activity towards RB1. At higher stoichiometric ratios, inhibits the kinase activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex (164 aa) | |||
PIAS1 | protein inhibitor of activated STAT, 1; Functions as an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase, stabilizing the interaction between UBE2I and the substrate, and as a SUMO-tethering factor. Plays a crucial role as a transcriptional coregulation in various cellular pathways, including the STAT pathway, the p53 pathway and the steroid hormone signaling pathway. In vitro, binds A/T-rich DNA. The effects of this transcriptional coregulation, transactivation or silencing, may vary depending upon the biological context. Together with PRMT1, may repress STAT1 transcriptional activ [...] (651 aa) | |||
PIAS4 | protein inhibitor of activated STAT, 4; Functions as an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase, stabilizing the interaction between UBE2I and the substrate, and as a SUMO-tethering factor. Plays a crucial role as a transcriptional coregulation in various cellular pathways, including the STAT pathway, the p53/TP53 pathway, the Wnt pathway and the steroid hormone signaling pathway. Involved in gene silencing. Mediates sumoylation of CEBPA, PARK7, HERC2, MYB, TCF4 and RNF168. In Wnt signaling, represses LEF1 and enhances TCF4 transcriptional activities through promoting their [...] (510 aa) | |||
EP300 | E1A binding protein p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling. Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes. Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation. Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Also functions as acetyltransferase for nonhistone targets. Acetylates ’Lys-131’ of ALX1 and acts as its coactivator in the presence of CREBBP. Acetylates SIRT2 and is proposed to indirectly increase the transcriptional activity of TP53 through acetylation and [...] (2414 aa) | |||
KAT2B | K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2B; Functions as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) to promote transcriptional activation. Has significant histone acetyltransferase activity with core histones (H3 and H4), and also with nucleosome core particles. Inhibits cell-cycle progression and counteracts the mitogenic activity of the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A. In case of HIV-1 infection, it is recruited by the viral protein Tat. Regulates Tat’s transactivating activity and may help inducing chromatin remodeling of proviral genes (832 aa) | |||
CASP6 | caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in vitro, as well as lamins. Overexpression promotes programmed cell death (293 aa) | |||
PML | promyelocytic leukemia (882 aa) | |||
CBX4 | chromobox homolog 4; E3 SUMO-protein ligase which facilitates SUMO1 conjugation by UBE2I. Involved in the sumoylation of HNRNPK, a p53/TP53 transcriptional coactivator, hence indirectly regulates p53/TP53 transcriptional activation resulting in p21/CDKN1A expression (560 aa) | |||
MTA2 | metastasis associated 1 family, member 2; May be involved in the regulation of gene expression as repressor and activator. The repression might be related to covalent modification of histone proteins (668 aa) | |||
SMARCA5 | SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 5; Helicase that possesses intrinsic ATP-dependent nucleosome-remodeling activity. Complexes containing SMARCA5 are capable of forming ordered nucleosome arrays on chromatin; this may require intact histone H4 tails. Also required for replication of pericentric heterochromatin in S-phase specifically in conjunction with BAZ1A. Probably plays a role in repression of polI dependent transcription of the rDNA locus, through the recruitment of the SIN3/HDAC1 corepressor complex to the rDNA promot [...] (1052 aa) | |||
CTBP1 | C-terminal binding protein 1; Involved in controlling the equilibrium between tubular and stacked structures in the Golgi complex. Functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT) differentiation. Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators such as GLIS2. Has dehydrogenase activity (440 aa) | |||
POLR2J | polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide J, 13.3kDa; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB11 is part of the core element with the central large cleft (By similarity) (117 aa) | |||
TAL1 | T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1; Implicated in the genesis of hemopoietic malignancies. It may play an important role in hemopoietic differentiation. Serves as a positive regulator of erythroid differentiation (By similarity) (331 aa) | |||
UBE2I | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I; Accepts the ubiquitin-like proteins SUMO1, SUMO2, SUMO3 and SUMO4 from the UBLE1A-UBLE1B E1 complex and catalyzes their covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as RANBP2 or CBX4. Can catalyze the formation of poly- SUMO chains. Necessary for sumoylation of FOXL2 and KAT5. Essential for nuclear architecture and chromosome segregation. Sumoylates p53/TP53 at ’Lys-386’ (By similarity) (158 aa) | |||
ZMIZ1 | zinc finger, MIZ-type containing 1; Increases ligand-dependent transcriptional activity of AR and promotes AR sumoylation. The stimulation of AR activity is dependent upon sumoylation (1067 aa) | |||
CTNNB1 | catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation [...] (781 aa) | |||
CUX1 | cut-like homeobox 1; May be involved in intra-Golgi retrograde transport (1516 aa) | |||
TOPORS | topoisomerase I binding, arginine/serine-rich, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; Functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and as an E3 SUMO1-protein ligase. Probable tumor suppressor involved in cell growth, cell proliferation and apoptosis that regulates p53/TP53 stability through ubiquitin-dependent degradation. May regulate chromatin modification through sumoylation of several chromatin modification-associated proteins. May be involved in DNA damage- induced cell death through IKBKE sumoylation (1045 aa) | |||
TOE1 | target of EGR1, member 1 (nuclear); Inhibits cell growth rate and cell cycle. Induces CDKN1A expression as well as TGF-beta expression. Mediates the inhibitory growth effect of EGR1 (510 aa) | |||
HDAC1 | histone deacetylase 1; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Deacetylates SP proteins, SP1 and SP3, and regulates their function. Component of the BRG1-RB1-HDAC1 complex, which negatively regulates the CREST- mediated transcription in resting neurons. Upon calcium s [...] (482 aa) | |||
GATA3 | GATA binding protein 3; Transcriptional activator which binds to the enhancer of the T-cell receptor alpha and delta genes. Binds to the consensus sequence 5’-AGATAG-3’ (444 aa) | |||
SUMO1 | SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae); Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. [...] (101 aa) | |||
PIAS3 | protein inhibitor of activated STAT, 3 (628 aa) | |||
IZUMO4 | IZUMO family member 4 (232 aa) | |||
SATB1 | SATB homeobox 1; Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma (By similarity). Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a [...] (795 aa) |