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RIPK2 | receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 2; Serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans, NOD1 and NOD2 are activated, oligomerize and recruit RIPK2 through CARD-CARD domains. Once recruited, RIPK2 autophosphorylates and undergoes ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination by E3 ubiquitin ligases BIRC2 and BIRC3. The polyubiquitinated protein mediates the recruitment of MAP3K7/TAK1 to IKBKG/NEMO and induces ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitination of IKBKG/NEMO and subsequent acti [...] (540 aa) | |||
TRAF2 | TNF receptor-associated factor 2; Regulates activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK and plays a central role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. Required for normal antibody isotype switching from IgM to IgG. Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and promotes ’Lys-63’- linked ubiquitination of target proteins, such as BIRC3, RIPK1 and TICAM1. Is an essential constituent of several E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complexes, where it promotes the ubiquitination of target proteins by bringing them into contact with other E3 ubiquitin ligases. Regulates BIRC2 and BIRC3 protein level [...] (501 aa) | |||
UBE2K | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2K (200 aa) | |||
RB1 | retinoblastoma 1; Key regulator of entry into cell division that acts as a tumor suppressor. Promotes G0-G1 transition when phosphorylated by CDK3/cyclin-C. Acts as a transcription repressor of E2F1 target genes. The underphosphorylated, active form of RB1 interacts with E2F1 and represses its transcription activity, leading to cell cycle arrest. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases SUV39H1, SUV [...] (928 aa) | |||
BCL2A1 | BCL2-related protein A1; Retards apoptosis induced by IL-3 deprivation. May function in the response of hemopoietic cells to external signals and in maintaining endothelial survival during infection (By similarity) (175 aa) | |||
CAPN1 | calpain 1, (mu/I) large subunit; Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyze limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction (714 aa) | |||
CASP10 | caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Recruited to both Fas- and TNFR-1 receptors in a FADD dependent manner. May participate in the granzyme B apoptotic pathways. Cleaves and activates caspase- 3, -4, -6, -7, -8, and -9. Hydrolyzes the small- molecule substrates, Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-|-AMC and Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-|-AMC (522 aa) | |||
CAPN2 | calpain 2, (m/II) large subunit; Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyze limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction (700 aa) | |||
NOD2 | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2; Induces NF-kappa-B via RICK (CARDIAK, RIP2) and IKK- gamma. Confers responsiveness to intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (1040 aa) | |||
BCL2L1 | BCL2-like 1; Potent inhibitor of cell death. Inhibits activation of caspases (By similarity). Appears to regulate cell death by blocking the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) by binding to it and preventing the release of the caspase activator, CYC1, from the mitochondrial membrane. Also acts as a regulator of G2 checkpoint and progression to cytokinesis during mitosis (233 aa) | |||
BCL2L14 | BCL2-like 14 (apoptosis facilitator); Plays a role in apoptosis (327 aa) | |||
CASP3 | caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a ’216-Asp-|-Gly-217’ bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop- helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (277 aa) | |||
BOK | BCL2-related ovarian killer; May play a role in apoptosis (212 aa) | |||
HSPA5 | heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa); Probably plays a role in facilitating the assembly of multimeric protein complexes inside the ER (654 aa) | |||
PSEN1 | presenilin 1; Probable catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (beta-amyloid precursor protein). Requires the other members of the gamma-secretase complex to have a protease activity. May play a role in intracellular signaling and gene expression or in linking chromatin to the nuclear membrane. Stimulates cell-cell adhesion though its association with the E-cadherin/catenin complex. Under conditions of apoptosis or calcium influx, cleaves E-cadherin [...] (467 aa) | |||
BCL2 | B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1) (239 aa) | |||
CASP9 | caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (416 aa) | |||
UBC | ubiquitin C (685 aa) | |||
XIAP | X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis; Multi-functional protein which regulates not only caspases and apoptosis, but also modulates inflammatory signaling and immunity, copper homeostasis, mitogenic kinase signaling, cell proliferation, as well as cell invasion and metastasis. Acts as a direct caspase inhibitor. Directly bind to the active site pocket of CASP3 and CASP7 and obstructs substrate entry. Inactivates CASP9 by keeping it in a monomeric, inactive state. Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase regulating NF-kappa-B signaling and the target proteins for its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase [...] (497 aa) | |||
CASP8 | caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (538 aa) | |||
BAK1 | BCL2-antagonist/killer 1; In the presence of an appropriate stimulus, accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the anti- apoptotic action of BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Low micromolar levels of zinc ions inhibit the promotion of apoptosis (211 aa) | |||
MCL1 | myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (BCL2-related) (350 aa) | |||
SARM1 | sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (690 aa) | |||
CASP12 | caspase 12 (gene/pseudogene); Has no protease activity. May reduce cytokine release in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide during infections. Reduces activation of NF-kappa-B in response to TNF (341 aa) | |||
APAF1 | apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (1248 aa) | |||
ENSG00000258643 | BCL2L2-PABPN1 readthrough; Promotes cell survival. Blocks dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. Mediates survival of postmitotic Sertoli cells by suppressing death-promoting activity of BAX (333 aa) |