Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (Probable). May play a role in resistance to fungal infection in the epidermis by regulating the up-regulation of several antimicrobial peptides of the NLP and CNC families. Upstream of plc-3, tpa-1 and the p38-like pathway, required for the expression of antimicrobial peptide nlp-29 in the epidermis in response to fungal infection or physical injury.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription b; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription (By similarity). By regulating the up- regulation in the epidermis of antimicrobial peptides nlp-29, plays a role in resistance to fungal infection and in the response to physical wounding and phorbol ester PMA treatment. Belongs to the transcription factor STAT family.

Transporter.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Activated STAT proteins play a role in repression of dauer formation. Neuronal expression is held in check by negative signals through the TGF-beta pathway that target the daf-3 transcription factor.

Probable G-protein coupled receptor npr-8; Not known. Putative receptor; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

GPCR Thermal Receptor.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

NAD(+) hydrolase tir-1; NAD(+) hydrolase, which plays a key role in non-apoptotic cell death by regulating NAD(+) metabolism. In response to stress, homooligomerizes and catalyzes cleavage of NAD(+) into ADP-D-ribose (ADPR) and nicotinamide; NAD(+) cleavage promoting non-apoptotic neuronal cell death. In males, involved in non-apoptotic death of the linker cell which guides gonad elongation during larval development. Required for both innate immune response and specification of AWC(OFF) neuron. During late embryogenesis, it. acts downstream of CAMKII (unc-43) to regulate specification [...]

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like 1; Required for the expression of antimicrobial peptide nlp-29 in response to fungal infection or physical injury.