Cysteine protease atg-4.1; Cysteine protease required for autophagy. Cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 family proteins lgg-1, to reveal a C-terminal glycine (Probable). Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy (Probable). Its cleavage activity is functionally redundant to atg-4.2, but it cleaves lgg-1 precursors more efficiently than atg-4.2 (Probable). Acts redundantly with atg-4.2 to promote the lgg-1 delipidation to release the protein fro [...]

Autophagy-related protein 3.

Autophagy-related protein 18; Component of the autophagy machinery that is recruited to phosphatidylinositols on preautophagosomal structures, which are early autophagic structures, to promote autophagosome formation, and the subsequent degradation and clearance of engulfed apoptotic cells and P- granules in somatic cells. In particular, binds with high affinity to phosphatidylinositols including phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P), and phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P), and more weakly to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bis [...]

FUN14 domain-containing protein fndc-1; Mitophagy receptor which plays a role in paternal mitochondria degradation in embryos after the two-cell stage.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase unc-51; Protein kinase important for axonal elongation and axonal guidance. Functions in the CAN axons to direct both anterior and posterior migrations. Phosphorylates both unc-14 and vab-8. Component of the unc-51/atg-13 complex that is probably recruited by lgg-1 to preautophagosomes and is required for autophagosome formation. Interaction with autophagy related proteins such as atg-13 links it to the autophagy machinery to in turn promote P-granule degradation in somatic cells. Plays a role in mitophagy during limited food availability. Regulates cell [...]

Cysteine protease atg-4.2; Cysteine protease required for autophagy. Cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 family proteins lgg-1, to reveal a C-terminal glycine (Probable). Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy (Probable). Its cleavage activity is functionally redundant to atg-4.1, but it cleaves lgg-1 precursors less efficiently than atg-4.1 (Probable). In contrast to atg-4.1, plays a more significant role in the later phases of autophagy and [...]

Ubiquitin-like protein atg-12; Ubiquitin-like protein involved in autophagy vesicles formation (By similarity). Conjugation with atg-5 through a ubiquitin- like conjugating system involving also atg-7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and atg-10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function (By similarity). Most likely a component of an atg-5-lgg- 3-atg-16 complex that promotes autophagosome formation by associating with lgg-2, but not lgg-1, at the preautophagosomal membrane. Probably, as part of an atg-5-lgg- 3-atg-16 complex, required for lgg-1 lipidation; the comple [...]

Autophagy-related protein 5; Involved in autophagic vesicle formation (By similarity). Conjugation with lgg-3/ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving atg-7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and atg-10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function (By similarity). Most likely a component of an atg-5-lgg-3-atg-16 complex that promotes autophagosome formation by associating with lgg-2, but not lgg-1, at the preautophagosomal membrane. Probably, as part of an atg-5-lgg-3-atg-16 complex, required for lgg-1 lipidation; the complex acts as an E3-like enzym [...]

Ectopic P Granules.