Protein Tube; Plays an essential role in the Tl receptor signaling pathway that establishes embryonic dorsoventral polarity; the signal directs import of dl into ventral and ventrolateral nuclei, thereby establishing dorsoventral polarity. Tub recruits pll to the plasma membrane and protein-protein interaction activates pll. Also has a role in pupal pattern formation.

Myd88 (Myd88) encodes an adaptor protein involved in in the Toll pathway functioning downstream of the product of Tl and upstream of the product of tub. Toll pathway is a signaling cascade that plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorsoventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides.

Pellino (Pli) encodes a RING-domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase that coordinates with ubiquitin-activating (E1) and ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzymes to degrade target proteins. It functions as a negative regulator of the Toll-mediated innate immunity pathway.

NF-kappa-B inhibitor cactus; Involved in the formation of the dorsoventral pattern. It inhibits nuclear translocation of the dorsal morphogen in the dorsal region of the embryo. Acts as a negative regulator of the NF-kappa-B (rel) signaling pathway. Cact is degraded by IKKbeta, this is essential for NF-kappa-B (rel) activation.

TAK1-associated binding protein 2 (Tab2) encodes a protein with an ubiquitin binding domain. It interacts with the product of Tak1, a MAP kinase kinase kinase involved the activation of the immune deficiency, JNK and Grindelwald-Eiger pathways.

Protein toll; Receptor for the cleaved activated form of spz, spaetzle C- 106. Binding to spaetzle C-106 activates the Toll signaling pathway and induces expression of the antifungal peptide drosomycin. Component of the extracellular signaling pathway that establishes dorsal-ventral polarity in the embryo. Promotes heterophilic cellular adhesion. Involved in synaptic targeting of motoneurons RP5 and V to muscle 12 (M12); functions as a repulsive cue inhibiting motoneuron synapse formation on muscle 13 (M13) to guide RP5 and V to the neighboring M12, where its expression is repressed by [...]

Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Required for the activation of the NF-kappa-B factor Relish (Rel) by acting as an essential signaling component in transmitting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signal leading to cact degradation, which is required for direct activation of Rel. Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF- kappa-B (cact) thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF- kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor. Essential for antibacterial immune response.

Embryonic polarity protein dorsal; Embryonic developmental protein. The lateral or ventral identity of a cell depends upon the concentration of this protein in its nucleus during the blastoderm stage. A morphogenetic protein that specifically binds to the kappa B-related consensus sequence 5'- GRGAAAANCC-3', located in the enhancer region of zygotic genes such as Zen, Twist, Snail and Decapentaplegic. Mediates an immune response in larvae. Part of a signaling pathway involving NF- kappa-B and Toll-related receptors, that functions in the apoptosis of unfit cells during cell competition [...]

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3 homolog; Nucleostemin 1 (Ns1) encodes a GTPase that is enriched in the peripheral granular components of nucleoli of most larval and adult cells. It is required for nucleolar release of the large ribosomal subunit. Depletion of the Ns1 product reduces viability of midgut imaginal island cells and ribosome abundance in polyploid cells; Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family.