Semaphorin-1A; Semaphorin 1a (Sema1a) encodes a transmembrane protein belonging to the semaphorin protein family. It is a repulsive axon guidance cue, signaling through direct interactions with the receptor encoded by PlexA, and also functions as a receptor to regulate dendrite targeting and axon guidance. Secreted semaphorins encoded by Sema2a and Sema2b can act as the product of Sema1a ligands.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase (Lrrk) encodes a large Ser/Thr kinase involved in mRNA translational control, cytoskeleton regulation, vesicle trafficking, autophagy, and immune response.

Stretchin-Mlck, isoform U; Stretchin-Mlck (Strn-Mlck) encodes a complex locus producing many large protein isoforms, which likely regulate cytoskeletal dynamics in muscles. A shorter isoform is specifically expressed in indirect flight muscle, localizes to the thick filament and is required to prevent flight muscle hypercontraction. Strn-Mlck mutants cannot fly and show flight muscle atrophy.

Protein Wnt-2; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Segment polarity protein. May function in gonadogenesis and limb development. Wg and Wnt2 have a role in the developing trachea and together are responsible for all dorsal trunk formation.

Protein Wnt-4; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Acts downstream of homeotic complex genes in the visceral mesoderm and is required for embryonic segmentation. Also required for cell movement and FAK regulation during ovarian morphogenesis.

Microtubule-associated protein; Microtubule binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: neuron projection development; rhabdomere morphogenesis; negative regulation of neuron death; microtubule cytoskeleton organization.

Bent, isoform F; Bent (bt) encodes the protein Projectin, a large protein associated with myosin thick filaments in insect muscles that contributes to the stiffness of flight muscle.

Myocardin-related transcription factor (Mrtf) encodes a protein that binds to the product of bs, and likely other transcription factors, to enhance downstream gene activation. The activity of the product of Mrtf is regulated by free actin levels. It contributes to tracheal branching, border cell migration, and other cell stretching and invasive migration processes during development.

Frizzled-2; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...]