STRINGSTRING
STRING protein interaction network
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
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Gene Fusion
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[Homology]
Score
ptcProtein patched; Segmentation polarity protein. Acts as a receptor for the hedgehog protein (HH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog signal leading to the activation of wingless, decapentaplegic and patched itself. Participates in cell interactions that establish pattern within the segment and the imaginal disks during development. In the absence of HH, represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (FU). (1286 aa)    
Predicted Functional Partners:
smo
Protein smoothened; Segment polarity protein required for correct patterning of every segment. G protein-coupled receptor that associates with the patched protein (ptc) to transduce the hedgehog (hh) signal through the activation of an inhibitory G-protein. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required to activate Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, norpA-dependent Ca2+ mobilization and p38 MAPK, which a [...]
    
 0.999
ihog
Interference hedgehog (ihog) encodes a type 1 membrane protein that acts as a co-receptor for the product of hh upstream or at the level of the receptor encoded by ptc. It interacts with the products of disp, dlp, dally and shf. It is involved in imaginal pattern formation and embryonic cuticle pattern formation.
  
 0.999
hh
Protein hedgehog C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Establishes the anterior-posterior axis of the embryonic segments and patterns the larval imaginal disks. Binds to the patched (ptc) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (smo), to activate the transcription of target genes wingless (wg), decapentaplegic (dpp) and ptc. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune r [...]
   
 0.999
boi
Brother of ihog (boi) encodes a transmembrane protein that binds to the product of hh. The products of boi and ihog promote Hh signaling in receiving cells by acting as a co-receptor for the effector protein encoded by ptc. The product of boi also can suppress Hh signaling through a sequestration and release mechanism in cells producing the product of hh. It regulates many hh-dependent processes including proliferation, cell fate specification, and patterning.
  
 0.993
Su(fu)
Suppressor of fused (Su(fu)) encodes a negative regulator of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. It forms a complex with the transcription factor encoded by ci to inhibit its activity; Belongs to the SUFU family.
    
 
 0.986
Smurf
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Smurf1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down-regulates Dpp signaling after gastrulation by promoting MAD ubiquitination and subsequent degradation.
    
 0.983
ci
Transcriptional activator cubitus interruptus; Has a dual function as a transcriptional activator and a repressor of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway. The full-length ci form (ciFL), acts as an activator (ciA) while ciR, its C-terminally truncated form, acts as a repressor. Involved in segment polarity. Required for the normal development of the posterior half of each embryonic segment. Engrailed protein directly represses ci expression in posterior compartment cells. Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; requ [...]
   
 0.976
cos
Kinesin-like protein costa; Regulates cubitus interruptus (ci) processing by recruiting multiple kinases to promote its efficient phosphorylation. Scaffolds multiple kinases and ci into proximity to promote its hyperphosphorylation, which then targets it for SCFSlimb/proteasome- mediated processing to generate its repressor form. Hh signaling inhibits ci phosphorylation by interfering with the cos-ci-kinases complex formation. Negatively regulates hh-signaling pathways during various processes, including photoreceptor differentiation. May negatively regulate a hh- signaling pathway whi [...]
   
 0.971
dlp
Dally-like, isoform A; Dally-like (dlp) encodes a glypican that regulates the signaling strength and range of the morphogens encoded by hh and wg; Belongs to the glypican family.
    
 0.961
disp
Dispatched (disp) encodes a multipass transmembrane protein and a member of the RND transporter family. It is required for the release and long-range activity of the lipid-modified product of hh from producing cells. The products of hh and disp control cell growth, survival, fate, and patterning.
      
 0.948
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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