STRINGSTRING
STRING protein interaction network
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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[Homology]
Score
Spn27ASerine protease inhibitor 27A; Serine protease inhibitor that functions in embryonic dorsoventral patterning and the melanization immune response. Regulates dorsoventral axis formation during early development by inhibiting the serine protease easter, and is therefore important for restricting activity of the Toll signaling pathway to the ventral part of the embryo. Also plays an essential role in the melanization immune response to both physical wounding and septic infection using certain bacteria and fungi. Negatively regulates the Hayan- dependent prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1)-activatin [...] (447 aa)    
Predicted Functional Partners:
ea
Serine protease easter; Component of the extracellular signaling pathway that establishes the dorsal-ventral pathway of the embryo. Three proteases; ndl, gd and snk process easter to create active easter. Active easter defines cell identities along the dorsal-ventral continuum by activating the spz ligand for the Tl receptor in the ventral region of the embryo.
    
  0.927
PPO1
Prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1) encodes a protein produced by crystal cells (a type of hemocyte cell) and is involved in the melanization reaction, notably upon wounding. It is thought to be activated by proteolytic cleavage by the serine protease encoded by Hayan.
    
 
 0.861
spz
Protein spaetzle C-106; Spatzle (spz) encodes a secreted protein which, after cleavage by an extracellular serine protease (encoded by ea or SPE), can induce the dimerization of the product of Tl, and the subsequent activation of the Toll pathway. It contributes to function of the Toll signaling cascade, which plays a key role in various developmental and immune processes, notably embryonic dorso-ventral patterning and regulation of antimicrobial peptides.
   
 0.803
Spn28Dc
Serine protease inhibitor 28Dc; Serine protease inhibitor which is required for pupal viability and plays an essential role in regulating the melanization reaction. Inhibits spontaneous melanization and appears to be involved in the melanization immune response to physical wounding in larvae and adults. Acts by negatively regulating the Hayan-phenoloxidase (PPO1) cascade in the hemolymph and possibly the trachea. May function by controlling the initial release of the activated form of PPO1, phenoloxidase (PO) and thus maintains PO availability for processes such as wound response and p [...]
  
 
0.776
Spn77Bc
Serpin 77Bc (Spn77Bc) encodes a protein produced by the male accessory glands and transferred to females during mating.
  
  
 0.767
Sp7
Serine protease 7; Serine protease which, by cleaving and activating prophenoloxidase (PPO1) after immune challenge, plays an essential role in the melanization immune response to septic wounding. May function in diverse Hayan-dependent PPO1- activating cascades that are negatively controlled by different serpin proteins; Spn27A in the hemolymph and Spn77BA in the trachea. Important for the innate immune response to fungi. Regulation of melanization and PPO1 activation appears to be largely independent of the Toll signaling pathway.
   
 
 0.752
Spn75F
Male accessory gland protein; Serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: negative regulation of endopeptidase activity; multicellular organism reproduction; Belongs to the serpin family.
  
  
 0.749
Spn77Ba
Serine protease inhibitor 77Ba; Serine protease inhibitor which plays an essential role in regulating the tracheal melanization immune response to bacterial and fungal infection. Acts by negatively regulating a protease cascade involving Mp1 and Sp7, that functions in the activation of the Hayan-phenoloxidase (PPO1) cascade ; Belongs to the serpin family.
  
0.746
Hayan
Serine protease Hayan; Serine protease which, by converting prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1) into its active form, plays an essential role in the melanization immune response to physical or septic wounding. May function in diverse PPO1-activating cascades that are negatively controlled by different serpin proteins; Spn27A and Spn28D in the hemolymph, and Spn28D and Spn77BA in the trachea. Also required in the systematic wound response by mediating the redox-dependent activation of the JNK cytoprotective cascade in neuronal tissues after integument wounding; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. [...]
   
 
 0.727
PPO2
Prophenoloxidase 2 (PPO2) encodes a protein stored in large crystals in the crystal cells (a type of hemocyte cell) that is involved in the melanization reaction. It contributes to melanization around wounds and wasp encapsulation and is thought to be activated by proteolytic cleavage by the product of Hayan.
    
 
 0.724
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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