STRINGSTRING
STRING protein interaction network
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
Neighborhood
Gene Fusion
Cooccurrence
Coexpression
Experiments
Databases
Textmining
[Homology]
Score
RDH12Retinol dehydrogenase 12; Retinoids dehydrogenase/reductase with a clear preference for NADP. Displays high activity towards 9-cis, 11-cis and all-trans- retinal. Shows very weak activity towards 13-cis-retinol. Also exhibits activity, albeit with lower affinity than for retinaldehydes, towards lipid peroxidation products (C9 aldehydes) such as 4-hydroxynonenal and trans-2-nonenal. May play an important function in photoreceptor cells to detoxify 4-hydroxynonenal and potentially other toxic aldehyde products resulting from lipid peroxidation. Has no dehydrogenase activity towards steroids. (316 aa)    
Predicted Functional Partners:
LRAT
Lecithin retinol acyltransferase; Transfers the acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to all-trans retinol, producing all-trans retinyl esters. Retinyl esters are storage forms of vitamin A (Probable). LRAT plays a critical role in vision (Probable). It provides the all-trans retinyl ester substrates for the isomerohydrolase which processes the esters into 11-cis-retinol in the retinal pigment epithelium; due to a membrane-associated alcohol dehydrogenase, 11 cis-retinol is oxidized and converted into 11-cis- retinaldehyde which is the chromophore for rhodopsin and t [...]
   
 
 0.974
CYP26A1
Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
   
 
 0.963
RETSAT
Retinol saturase.
  
 
 0.950
DGAT1
Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis by using diacylglycerol and fatty acyl CoA as substrates. In contrast to DGAT2 it is not essential for survival. May be involved in VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) assembly. Functions as the major acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) in the skin, where it acts to maintain retinoid homeostasis and prevent retinoid toxicity leading to skin and hair disorders. In liver, plays a role in esterifying exogenous fatty acids to glycerol.
   
 
 0.950
AWAT2
Acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2.
   
 
 0.938
ALDH1A1
Retinal dehydrogenase 1; Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. Binds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. May have a broader specificity and oxidize other aldehydes in vivo.
  
 0.936
ALDH1A3
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
  
 0.935
ALDH1A2
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
  
 0.933
RDH5
Retinol dehydrogenase 5; Catalyzes the oxidation of cis-isomers of retinol, including 11-cis-, 9-cis-, and 13-cis-retinol in an NAD-dependent manner. Has no activity towards all-trans retinal. Plays a significant role in 11-cis retinol oxidation in the retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPE) (By similarity). Also recognizes steroids (androsterone, androstanediol) as its substrates (By similarity). Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
   
 
0.931
BCO1
Beta-carotene oxygenase 1.
   
 
 0.928
Your Current Organism:
Bos taurus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9913
Other names: B. taurus, Bos bovis, Bos primigenius taurus, Bovidae sp. Adi Nefas, bovine, cattle, cow, dairy cow, domestic cattle, domestic cow
Server load: low (34%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.