Solute carrier family 12 member 3; Electroneutral sodium and chloride ion cotransporter. In kidney distal convoluted tubules, key mediator of sodium and chloride reabsorption. Receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine IL18. Contributes to IL18-induced cytokine production, including IFNG, IL6, IL18 and CCL2. May act either independently of IL18R1, or in a complex with IL18R1 (By similarity).

Solute carrier family 12 member 1; Renal sodium, potassium and chloride ion cotransporter that mediates the transepithelial NaCl reabsorption in the thick ascending limb and plays an essential role in the urinary concentration and volume regulation. Electrically silent transporter system.

ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1; In the kidney, probably plays a major role in potassium homeostasis. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. This channel is activated by internal A [...]

Krueppel-like factor 15; Transcriptional regulator that binds to the GA element of the CLCNKA promoter. Binds to the KCNIP2 promoter and regulates KCNIP2 circadian expression in the heart (By similarity). Is a repressor of CCN2 expression, involved in the control of cardiac fibrosis. It is also involved in the control of cardiac hypertrophy acting through the inhibition of MEF2A and GATA4 (By similarity). Involved in podocyte differentiation (By similarity). Inhibits MYOCD activity. Is a negative regulator of TP53 acetylation. Inhibits NF-kappa-B activation through repression of EP300- [...]

Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor; G-protein-coupled receptor that senses changes in the extracellular concentration of calcium ions and plays a key role in maintaining calcium homeostasis. Senses fluctuations in the circulating calcium concentration and modulates the production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid glands (By similarity). The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The G-protein-coupled receptor activity is activated by a co-agonist mechanism: aromatic amino acids, such as T [...]

Claudin-16; Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity. Involved in paracellular magnesium reabsorption. Required for a selective paracellular conductance. May form, alone or in partnership with other constituents, an intercellular pore permitting paracellular passage of magnesium and calcium ions down their electrochemical gradients. Alternatively, it could be a sensor of magnesium concentration that could alter paracellular permeability mediated by other factors.

Renin; Renin is a highly specific endopeptidase, whose only known function is to generate angiotensin I from angiotensinogen in the plasma, initiating a cascade of reactions that produce an elevation of blood pressure and increased sodium retention by the kidney.

Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 6; Essential ion channel and serine/threonine-protein kinase. Crucial for magnesium homeostasis. Has an important role in epithelial magnesium transport and in the active magnesium absorption in the gut and kidney. Isoforms of the type M6-kinase lack the ion channel region; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. LTrpC subfamily. TRPM6 sub-subfamily.

Claudin-19; Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.