Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B; Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOB preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenylethylamine; Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1; Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. Involved in the peripheral immune tolerance, contributing to maintain homeostasis by preventing autoimmunity or immunopathology that would result from uncontrolled and overreacting immune responses. Tryptophan shortage inhibits T lymphocytes division and accumulation of tryptophan catabolites induces T-cell apoptosis and differentiation of regulatory T-cells. Acts as a suppressor of anti-tumor immunity. Limits the growth of int [...]

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; Heme-dependent dioxygenase that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the L-tryptophan (L-Trp) pyrrole ring and converts L- tryptophan to N-formyl-L-kynurenine. Catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the indole moiety.

Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Important for metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol. Facilitates cellular uptake of long-chain free fatty acids; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Omega-amidase NIT2; Has a omega-amidase activity. The role of omega-amidase is to remove potentially toxic intermediates by converting alpha- ketoglutaramate and alpha-ketosuccinamate to biologically useful alpha- ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate, respectively. Overexpression decreases the colony-forming capacity of cultured cells by arresting cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2; Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. Involved in immune regulation. May not play a significant role in tryptophan-related tumoral resistance.

Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic; Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine.

Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. May also function as a transporter of branched chain alpha-keto acids.

Tyrosine aminotransferase; Transaminase involved in tyrosine breakdown. Converts tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. Can catalyze the reverse reaction, using glutamic acid, with 2-oxoglutarate as cosubstrate (in vitro). Has much lower affinity and transaminase activity towards phenylalanine.