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Tgfb1 | Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration. Activation into mature form follows different [...] (390 aa) | ||||
Cd44 | CD44 antigen; Cell-surface receptor that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration, helping them to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment. Participates thereby in a wide variety of cellular functions including the activation, recirculation and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation and response to bacterial infection. Engages, through its ectodomain, extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan/HA, collagen, growth factors, cytokines or proteases and serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling, via its c [...] (780 aa) | ||||
Mmp12 | Macrophage metalloelastase; May be involved in tissue injury and remodeling. Has significant elastolytic activity. Can accept large and small amino acids at the P1' site, but has a preference for leucine. Aromatic or hydrophobic residues are preferred at the P1 site, with small hydrophobic residues (preferably alanine) occupying P3 (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (473 aa) | ||||
Mmp13 | Collagenase 3; Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN. Cleaves triple helical collagens, including type I, type II and type III collagen, but has the highest activity with soluble type II collagen. Can also degrade collagen type IV, type XIV and type X. May also function by activating or degrading key regulatory proteins, such as TGFB1 and CCN2. Plays a role in wound healing, tissue remodeling, cartilage degradation, bone development, bone mineralization and ossification. Required for normal embryonic bon [...] (472 aa) | ||||
Ctsk | Cathepsin K; Thiol protease involved in osteoclastic bone resorption. Displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH. May play an important role in extracellular matrix degradation (By similarity). Involved in the release of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) by limited proteolysis of TG/thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen ; Belongs to the peptidase C1 family. (329 aa) | ||||
Timp2 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2; Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor; Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family. (220 aa) | ||||
Mmp9 | Matrix metalloproteinase-9; Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (730 aa) | ||||
Mmp8 | Neutrophil collagenase; Can degrade fibrillar type I, II, and III collagens. May play a role in the degradation of collagen fibers during uterine involution. (465 aa) | ||||
Mmp7 | Matrilysin; Degrades casein, gelatins of types I, III, IV, and V, and fibronectin. Activates procollagenase (By similarity). (267 aa) | ||||
Ccn2 | CCN family member 2; Major connective tissue mitoattractant secreted by vascular endothelial cells. Promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes (By similarity). Mediates heparin- and divalent cation- dependent cell adhesion in many cell types including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells (By similarity). Enhances fibroblast growth factor-induced DNA synthesis (By similarity). (348 aa) | ||||
Timp3 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3; Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. May form part of a tissue-specific acute response to remodeling stimuli. (211 aa) | ||||
Hapln1 | Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1; Stabilizes the aggregates of proteoglycan monomers with hyaluronic acid in the extracellular cartilage matrix. (356 aa) | ||||
Adamts1 | A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1; Cleaves aggrecan, a cartilage proteoglycan, at the '1691- Glu-|-Leu-1692' site (within the chondroitin sulfate attachment domain), and may be involved in its turnover. Has angiogenic inhibitor activity (By similarity). Active metalloprotease, which may be associated with various inflammatory processes as well as development of cancer cachexia. May play a critical role in follicular rupture (By similarity). (968 aa) | ||||
Adamts5 | A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5; Metalloproteinase that plays an important role in connective tissue organization, development, inflammation, arthritis, and cell migration. ADAMTS5 is an extracellular matrix (ECM) degrading enzyme that show proteolytic activity toward the hyalectan group of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) including aggrecan, versican, brevican and neurocan. Cleavage within the hyalectans occurs at Glu-Xaa recognition motifs. Plays a role in embryonic development, including limb and cardiac morphogenesis, and skeletal muscle de [...] (930 aa) | ||||
Timp4 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 4; Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. (224 aa) | ||||
Acan | Aggrecan core protein; This proteoglycan is a major component of extracellular matrix of cartilagenous tissues. A major function of this protein is to resist compression in cartilage. It binds avidly to hyaluronic acid via an N-terminal globular region. May play a regulatory role in the matrix assembly of the cartilage. (2132 aa) | ||||
Bgn | Biglycan; May be involved in collagen fiber assembly; Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class I subfamily. (369 aa) | ||||
Mmp2 | 72 kDa type IV collagenase; Ubiquitinous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture. As well as degrading extracellular matrix proteins, can also act on several nonmatrix proteins such as big endothelial 1 and beta- type CGRP promoting vasoconstriction. Also cleaves KISS at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Appears to have a role in myocardial cell death pathways. Contributes to myocardial oxidative stress by regulating the activity of GSK3beta. Cleaves GSK3 [...] (662 aa) | ||||
Mmp10 | Stromelysin-2; Can degrade fibronectin, gelatins of type I, III, IV, and V; weakly collagens III, IV, and V. Activates procollagenase; Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (476 aa) | ||||
Mmp3 | Stromelysin-1; Can degrade fibronectin, laminin, gelatins of type I, III, IV, and V; collagens III, IV, X, and IX, and cartilage proteoglycans. Activates procollagenase. (479 aa) | ||||
Fmod | Fibromodulin; Affects the rate of fibrils formation. May have a primary role in collagen fibrillogenesis. (376 aa) | ||||
Mmp1b | Interstitial collagenase B; Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (463 aa) | ||||
Fbln1 | Fibulin-1; Incorporated into fibronectin-containing matrix fibers. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration along protein fibers within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Could be important for certain developmental processes and contribute to the supramolecular organization of ECM architecture, in particular to those of basement membranes. (705 aa) | ||||
Spp1 | Osteopontin; Binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction; Belongs to the osteopontin family. (295 aa) | ||||
Mmp14 | Matrix metalloproteinase-14; Endopeptidase that degrades various components of the extracellular matrix such as collagen. Activates progelatinase A. Essential for pericellular collagenolysis and modeling of skeletal and extraskeletal connective tissues during development. May be involved in actin cytoskeleton reorganization by cleaving PTK7 (By similarity). Acts as a positive regulator of cell growth and migration via activation of MMP15. Involved in the formation of the fibrovascular tissues (By similarity). Cleaves ADGRB1 to release vasculostatin-40 which inhibits angiogenesis (By si [...] (582 aa) | ||||
Dcn | Decorin; May affect the rate of fibrils formation; Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class I subfamily. (354 aa) | ||||
Vcan | Versican core protein; May play a role in intercellular signaling and in connecting cells with the extracellular matrix. May take part in the regulation of cell motility, growth and differentiation. Binds hyaluronic acid. (3354 aa) | ||||
Timp1 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1; Metalloproteinase inhibitor that functions by forming one to one complexes with target metalloproteinases, such as collagenases, and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. Acts on MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP8, MMP9, MMP10, MMP11, MMP12, MMP13 and MMP16. Does not act on MMP14 (By similarity). Also functions as a growth factor that regulates cell differentiation, migration and cell death and activates cellular signaling cascades via CD63 and ITGB1. Plays a role in integrin signaling; Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 [...] (205 aa) | ||||
Vegfa | Vascular endothelial growth factor A; Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. May play a role in increasing vascular permeability during lactation, when increased transport of molecules from the blood is required for efficient milk protein synthesis (By similarity). Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor [...] (392 aa) | ||||
Adamts4 | A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4; Cleaves aggrecan, a cartilage proteoglycan, and may be involved in its turnover. May play an important role in the destruction of aggrecan in arthritic diseases. Cleaves aggrecan at the '392-Glu-|- Ala-393' site (By similarity). (845 aa) |