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| | Ovgp1 | Oviduct-specific glycoprotein; Binds to oocyte zona pellucida in vivo. May play a role in the fertilization process and/or early embryonic development. (721 aa) |
| | Slc46a1 | Proton-coupled folate transporter; Has been shown to act both as an intestinal proton-coupled high-affinity folate transporter and as an intestinal heme transporter which mediates heme uptake from the gut lumen into duodenal epithelial cells. The iron is then released from heme and may be transported into the bloodstream. Dietary heme iron is an important nutritional source of iron. Shows a higher affinity for folate than heme. (459 aa) |
| | Klhl10 | Kelch-like protein 10; May be a substrate-specific adapter of a CUL3-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins during spermatogenesis. Required for male fertility. (608 aa) |
| | Spa17 | Sperm surface protein Sp17; Sperm surface zona pellucida binding protein. Helps to bind spermatozoa to the zona pellucida with high affinity. Might function in binding zona pellucida and carbohydrates (By similarity). (149 aa) |
| | Clgn | Calmegin; Functions during spermatogenesis as a chaperone for a range of client proteins that are important for sperm adhesion onto the egg zona pellucida and for subsequent penetration of the zona pellucida. Required for normal sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct. Required for normal male fertility. Binds calcium ions. Belongs to the calreticulin family. (611 aa) |
| | Zp3 | Processed zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 3; Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy. The zona pellucida is composed of 3 to 4 glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP3 is essential for sperm binding and zona matrix formation; Belongs to the ZP domain family. ZPC subfamily. (424 aa) |
| | Hspa1l | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis an [...] (641 aa) |
| | Tssk4 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 4; [Isoform 1]: Serine/threonine kinase which is involved in male germ cell development and in mature sperm function. May be involved in the Cre/Creb signaling pathway. Phosphorylates CREB1 on 'Ser-133' in vitro and can stimulate Cre/Creb pathway in cells (By similarity). Phosphorylates CREM on 'Ser-116' in vitro. Phosphorylates ODF2 on 'Ser-95'. [Isoform 3]: Catalytically inactive. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (292 aa) |
| | Cabs1 | Calcium-binding and spermatid-specific protein 1. (391 aa) |
| | Adam21 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 21; May be involved in sperm maturation and/or fertilization. May also be involved in epithelia functions associated with establishing and maintaining gradients of ions or nutrients. (729 aa) |
| | Tppp2 | Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein family member 2; Probable regulator of microtubule dynamics required for sperm motility (Probable). In contrast to other members of the family, has no microtubule bundling activity (By similarity). Belongs to the TPPP family. (170 aa) |
| | Spatc1l | Speriolin-like protein; Belongs to the speriolin family. (342 aa) |
| | Tmem190 | Transmembrane protein 190. (166 aa) |
| | Zpbp2 | Zona pellucida-binding protein 2; Is implicated in sperm-oocyte interaction during fertilization. (326 aa) |
| | Fndc8 | Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 8. (321 aa) |
| | Heatr9 | Protein HEATR9. (569 aa) |
| | Calr3 | Calreticulin-3; CALR3 capacity for calcium-binding may be absent or much lower than that of CALR (By similarity). During spermatogenesis, may act as a lectin-independent chaperone for specific client proteins such as ADAM3. Required for sperm fertility. (380 aa) |
| | Pcsk4 | Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4; Proprotein convertase involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. In males, important for ADAM2 processing as well as other acrosomal proteins with roles in fertilization and critical for normal fertilization events such as sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction and binding of sperm to zona pellucida. Plays also a role in female fertility, involved in the regulation of trophoblast migration and placental development, may be through the proteolytical processing [...] (655 aa) |
| | Zpbp | Zona pellucida-binding protein 1; Plays a role in acrosome compaction and sperm morphogenesis. Is implicated in sperm-oocyte interaction during fertilization. Belongs to the zona pellucida-binding protein Sp38 family. (408 aa) |
| | Theg | Testicular haploid expressed gene protein; May be involved (but not essential) in spermatogenesis. (375 aa) |
| | Lratd1 | Protein LRATD1; May play a role in cell morphology and motility. Belongs to the LRATD family. (292 aa) |
| | Lyzl6 | Lysozyme-like protein 6; May be involved sperm-egg plasma membrane adhesion and fusion during fertilization. Exhibits bacteriolytic activity in vitro against Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus. Shows weak bacteriolytic activity against Gram-positive bacteria at physiological pH. Bacteriolytic activity is pH-dependent, with a maximum at around pH 5.6 (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family. (148 aa) |
| | Spata9 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 9; May play at role in testicular development/spermatogenesis and may be an important factor in male infertility. (252 aa) |
| | Rnase10 | Inactive ribonuclease-like protein 10; Secreted proximal epididymal protein required for post- testicular sperm maturation and male fertility. May be involved in sperm adhesion to the egg zona pellucida. Does not have ribonuclease activity. (245 aa) |
| | Adam2 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 2; Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in sperm- egg plasma membrane adhesion and fusion during fertilization. Could have a direct role in sperm-zona binding or migration of sperm from the uterus into the oviduct. Interactions with egg membrane could be mediated via binding between its disintegrin-like domain to one or more integrins receptors on the egg. This is a non catalytic metalloprotease-like protein (By similarity). (735 aa) |
| | Prm1 | Sperm protamine P1; Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex. (51 aa) |
| | Acr | Acrosin heavy chain; Acrosin is the major protease of mammalian spermatozoa. It is a serine protease of trypsin-like cleavage specificity, it is synthesized in a zymogen form, proacrosin and stored in the acrosome; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (436 aa) |
| | Ropn1 | Ropporin-1; Important for male fertility. With ROPN1L, involved in fibrous sheath integrity and sperm motility, plays a role in PKA- dependent signaling processes required for spermatozoa capacitation. (212 aa) |
| | Spats1 | Spermatogenesis-associated serine-rich protein 1. (269 aa) |
| | Zp1 | Processed zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 1; Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy. The zona pellucida is composed of 3 to 4 glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP1 ensures the structural integrity of the zona pellucida. (623 aa) |
| | Trpd52l3 | Tumor protein D52-like 3. (231 aa) |
| | 4430402I18Rik | Spermatogenesis associated 6-like protein; Belongs to the SPATA6 family. (347 aa) |
| | Odf3 | Outer dense fiber protein 3; Outer dense fibers are filamentous structures located on the outside of the axoneme in the midpiece and principal piece of the mammalian sperm tail. May help to maintain the passive elastic structures and elastic recoil of the sperm tail; Belongs to the ODF3 family. (254 aa) |
| | Tnp1 | Spermatid nuclear transition protein 1; Plays a key role in the replacement of histones to protamine in the elongating spermatids of mammals. In condensing spermatids, loaded onto the nucleosomes, where it promotes the recruitment and processing of protamines, which are responsible for histone eviction. The histone H2AB1-H2BC1/TH2B dimer is required for loading of TNP1 onto chromatin. (55 aa) |
| | Fpgs | Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes conversion of folates to polyglutamate derivatives allowing concentration of folate compounds in the cell and the intracellular retention of these cofactors, which are important substrates for most of the folate-dependent enzymes that are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in purine, pyrimidine and amino acid synthesis. Dihydrofolate, tetrahydrofolate, 5,10- methylenetetrahydrofolate, 10-formyltetrahydrofolate and 5- formyltetrahydrofolate are the best substrates. Folic acid and 5- methyltetrahydrofolate can also act [...] (587 aa) |
| | Fam166a | Protein FAM166A; Belongs to the UPF0605 family. (319 aa) |
| | Scp2d1 | SCP2 sterol-binding domain-containing protein 1. (156 aa) |
| | Sun5 | SUN domain-containing protein 5; Plays an essential role in anchoring sperm head to the tail. Is responsible for the attachment of the coupling apparatus to the sperm nuclear envelope. (348 aa) |
| | Cypt12 | Cysteine-rich perinuclear theca 12. (119 aa) |
| | Spaca1 | Sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1; Plays a role in acrosome expansion and establishment of normal sperm morphology during spermatogenesis. Important for male fertility. (305 aa) |
| | Cfap206 | Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 206; May regulate cilium motility through its role in the assembly of the axonemal radial spokes. (622 aa) |
| | Galntl5 | Inactive polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-like protein 5; Probable inactive glycosyltransferase required during spermatid development. May participate in protein loading into the acrosomes and accumulation of ubiquitin-proteasome systems around the head-tail coupling apparatus region; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily. (431 aa) |
| | Fscn3 | Fascin-3; Acts as an actin bundling protein. (498 aa) |
| | Ssmem1 | Serine-rich single-pass membrane protein 1. (244 aa) |
| | Llcfc1 | LLLL and CFNLAS motif-containing protein 1. (108 aa) |
| | Prss37 | Probable inactive serine protease 37; Plays a role in male fertility. May have a role in sperm migration or binding to zona-intact eggs. Involved in the activation of the proacrosin/acrosin system (By similarity). (237 aa) |
| | Izumo1 | Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 1; Essential sperm cell-surface protein required for fertilization by acting as a ligand for IZUMO1R/JUNO receptor on egg. The IZUMO1:IZUMO1R/JUNO interaction is a necessary adhesion event between sperm and egg that is required for fertilization but is not sufficient for cell fusion. The ligand-receptor interaction probably does not act as a membrane 'fusogen'. (397 aa) |
| | Sergef | Secretion-regulating guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Probable guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which may be involved in the secretion process. (464 aa) |
| | Zp2 | Processed zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 2; Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy. The zona pellucida is composed of 3 to 4 glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP2 may act as a secondary sperm receptor. (713 aa) |
| | Pdilt | Protein disulfide-isomerase-like protein of the testis; Probable redox-inactive chaperone involved in spermatogenesis. (588 aa) |
| | Spata4 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 4; May play a role in apoptosis regulation. (295 aa) |
| | Adam3 | A disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 3; Involved in fertilization by controlling sperm migration into oviduct. (822 aa) |
| | Pmfbp1 | Polyamine-modulated factor 1-binding protein 1; Required for normal spermatogenesis. It functions as a scaffold protein that attaches the sperm head-tail connecting piece to the nuclear envelope, thus maintaining sperm head and tail integrity. May also be involved in the general organization of cellular cytoskeleton. (1022 aa) |
| | Cmtm2a | CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 2A; Belongs to the chemokine-like factor family. (169 aa) |
| | Izumo1r | Sperm-egg fusion protein Juno; Receptor for IZUMO1 present at the cell surface of oocytes (oolemma), which is essential for species-specific gamete recognition and fertilization. The IZUMO1:IZUMO1R/JUNO interaction is a necessary adhesion event between sperm and egg that is required for fertilization but is not sufficient for cell fusion. The ligand-receptor interaction probably does not act as a membrane 'fusogen'. Does not bind folate. (244 aa) |
| | Spata19 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 19, mitochondrial; May have a role in spermiogenesis. (154 aa) |
| | Ddx25 | ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX25; ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Required for mRNA export and translation regulation during spermatid development. (484 aa) |
| | Shcbp1l | Testicular spindle-associated protein SHCBP1L; Testis-specific spindle-associated factor that plays a role in spermatogenesis. In association with HSPA2, participates in the maintenance of spindle integrity during meiosis in male germ cells. (639 aa) |
| | Spag4 | Sperm-associated antigen 4 protein; Involved in spermatogenesis. Required for sperm head formation but not required to establish and maintain general polarity of the sperm head. Required for anchoring and organization of the manchette. Required for targeting of SUN3 and probably SYNE1 through a probable SUN1:SYNE3 LINC complex to the nuclear envelope and involved in accurate posterior sperm head localization of the complex. May anchor SUN3 the nuclear envelope. Involved in maintenance of the nuclear envelope integrity. May assist the organization and assembly of outer dense fibers (ODF [...] (443 aa) |
| | Tmem225 | Transmembrane protein 225; Probably inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in sperm via binding to catalytic subunit PPP1CC. (230 aa) |
| | H1f8 | Histone H1oo; May play a key role in the control of gene expression during oogenesis and early embryogenesis, presumably through the perturbation of chromatin structure. Essential for meiotic maturation of germinal vesicle-stage oocytes. The somatic type linker histone H1c is rapidly replaced by H1oo in a donor nucleus transplanted into an oocyte. The greater mobility of H1oo as compared to H1c may contribute to this rapid replacement and increased instability of the embryonic chromatin structure. The rapid replacement of H1c with H1oo may play an important role in nuclear remodeling. (304 aa) |
| | Spata6 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 6; Required for formation of the sperm connecting piece during spermiogenesis. Sperm connecting piece is essential for linking the developing flagellum to the head during late spermiogenesis. May be involved in myosin-based microfilament transport through interaction with myosin subunits. (488 aa) |
| | H1f6 | Histone H1t; Testis-specific histone H1 that forms less compacted chromatin compared to other H1 histone subtypes. Formation of more relaxed chromatin may be required to promote chromatin architecture required for proper chromosome regulation during meiosis, such as homologous recombination. Histones H1 act as linkers that bind to nucleosomes and compact polynucleosomes into a higher-order chromatin configuration. (209 aa) |
| | Spem1 | Spermatid maturation protein 1; Required for proper cytoplasm removal during spermatogenesis. (310 aa) |
| | Tex43 | Testis-expressed protein 43. (141 aa) |
| | Hace1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HACE1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in Golgi membrane fusion and regulation of small GTPases. Acts as a regulator of Golgi membrane dynamics during the cell cycle: recruited to Golgi membrane by Rab proteins and regulates postmitotic Golgi membrane fusion. Acts by mediating ubiquitination during mitotic Golgi disassembly, ubiquitination serving as a signal for Golgi reassembly later, after cell division. Specifically interacts with GTP-bound RAC1, mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of active RAC1, thereby playing a role in host defen [...] (909 aa) |
| | Hils1 | Spermatid-specific linker histone H1-like protein; DNA-binding protein that may be implicated in chromatin remodeling and/or transcriptional regulation during spermiogenesis, the process of spermatid maturation into spermatozoa; Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family. (170 aa) |
| | Odf4 | Outer dense fiber protein 4; Component of the outer dense fibers (ODF) of spermatozoa which could be involved in sperm tail structure, sperm movement and general organization of cellular cytoskeleton. (290 aa) |
| | Tssk1 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1; Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase required during spermatid development. Phosphorylates 'Ser-281' of TSKS. Involved in the late stages of spermatogenesis, during the reconstruction of the cytoplasm. During spermatogenesis, required for the transformation of a ring-shaped structure around the base of the flagellum originating from the chromatoid body. (365 aa) |
| | Spata20 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 20; May play a role in fertility regulation. (790 aa) |
| | Spata16 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 16; Involved in the formation of sperm acrosome, which implicated its potential role in spermatogenesis and sperm-egg fusion. Belongs to the SPATA16 family. (571 aa) |
| | H2ap | Huntingtin-interacting protein M. (117 aa) |
| | Tcam1 | Testicular cell adhesion molecule 1. (548 aa) |
| | Zp3r | Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 3 receptor; Binds to ZP3 glycoprotein in egg zona pellucida. Probably involved in interactions between sperm acrosome and egg zona pellucida during and immediately following the acrosome reaction. (579 aa) |
| | Tsga10 | Testis-specific gene 10 protein; Plays a role in spermatogenesis. When overexpressed, prevents nuclear localization of HIF1A ; Belongs to the CEP135/TSGA10 family. (697 aa) |
| | 4930451I11Rik | RIKEN cDNA 4930451I11 gene. (111 aa) |
| | Fam243 | Protein FAM243A; Belongs to the FAM243 family. (251 aa) |
| | Ccdc54 | Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 54. (329 aa) |
| | Actrt2 | Actin-related protein T2. (377 aa) |
| | Spata3 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 3. (193 aa) |
| | Cep112 | Centrosomal protein of 112 kDa. (954 aa) |
| | Adam24 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 24; Plasma membrane protease present on mature sperm that may be involved in sperm function during epididymal maturation and/or fertilization. (761 aa) |
| | Tssk2 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 2; Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase required during spermatid development. Phosphorylates 'Ser-281' of TSKS and SPAG16. Involved in the late stages of spermatogenesis, during the reconstruction of the cytoplasm. During spermatogenesis, required for the transformation of a ring-shaped structure around the base of the flagellum originating from the chromatoid body. (358 aa) |
| | Fscb | Fibrous sheath CABYR-binding protein; May be involved in the later stages of fibrous sheath biogenesis and spermatozoa capacitation. Inhibits ROPN1 and ROPN1L SUMOylation. Binds calcium. (1062 aa) |
| | H2al3 | H2A histone family member L3. (128 aa) |
| | Tnp2 | Nuclear transition protein 2; Plays a key role in the replacement of histones to protamine in the elongating spermatids of mammals. In condensing spermatids, loaded onto the nucleosomes, where it promotes the recruitment and processing of protamines, which are responsible for histone eviction. The histone H2AB1-H2BC1/TH2B dimer is required for loading of TNP2 onto chromatin. Belongs to the nuclear transition protein 2 family. (117 aa) |
| | Tmem202 | Transmembrane protein 202. (275 aa) |
| | Ccdc187 | Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 187. (958 aa) |
| | Cypt4 | Cysteine-rich perinuclear theca protein 4. (153 aa) |
| | Fam221b | Protein FAM221B. (487 aa) |
| | Gm597 | Predicted gene 597. (896 aa) |
| | Spesp1 | Sperm equatorial segment protein 1; Involved in fertilization ability of sperm. (399 aa) |
| | Prss54 | Inactive serine protease 54. (383 aa) |
| | Adam6a | A disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 6A. (754 aa) |
| | Prm3 | Protamine-3; Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex. (101 aa) |
| | Adam30 | A disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 30. (732 aa) |
| | H1f10 | H1 histone family, member X. (188 aa) |
| | Ubqln5 | Ubiquilin 5. (510 aa) |
| | Spata46 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 46; Plays a role in spermiogenesis and fertilization. (204 aa) |
| | Tssk6 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 6; Required for sperm production and function. Plays a role in DNA condensation during postmeiotic chromatin remodeling. (273 aa) |
| | Tescl | Tescalcin-like. (231 aa) |
| | Spata18 | Mitochondria-eating protein; Key regulator of mitochondrial quality that mediates the repairing or degradation of unhealthy mitochondria in response to mitochondrial damage. Mediator of mitochondrial protein catabolic process (also named MALM) by mediating the degradation of damaged proteins inside mitochondria by promoting the accumulation in the mitochondrial matrix of hydrolases that are characteristic of the lysosomal lumen. Also involved in mitochondrion degradation of damaged mitochondria by promoting the formation of vacuole-like structures (named MIV), which engulf and degrade [...] (537 aa) |
| | Tas2r134 | Taste receptor type 2 member 134; Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness. (298 aa) |
| | Dcst1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase DCST1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which mediates 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STAT2 and induces its proteosomal degradation thereby negatively regulating type-I-interferon signaling. (732 aa) |
| | Tex37 | Testis-expressed sequence 37 protein. (180 aa) |
| | Gtsf2 | Gametocyte-specific factor 2. (154 aa) |
| | Tssk5 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 5; May be involved in a signaling pathway during male germ cell development or mature sperm function; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (372 aa) |
| | Tgif2lx2 | TGFB-induced factor homeobox 2-like, X-linked 1. (231 aa) |
| | Ube2d2b | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D2B; Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. Functions in the E6/E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Mediates ubiquitination of PEX5 and autoubiquitination of STUB1 and TRAF6. Involved in the signal-induced conjugation and subsequent degradation of NFKBIA, FBXW2-mediated GCM1 ubiquitination and degradation, MDM2-dependent degradation of p53/TP53 and the activation of MAVS in the mitochondria by DDX58/RIG-I in response to viral infection (By similarity [...] (147 aa) |
| | 1700010B08Rik | RIKEN cDNA 1700010B08 gene. (102 aa) |
| | Tgif2lx1 | TGFB-induced factor homeobox 2-like, X-linked 1. (231 aa) |
| | H2al1m | Histone H2A; Belongs to the histone H2A family. (105 aa) |
| | Spatc1 | Speriolin; Belongs to the speriolin family. (480 aa) |
| | Adam1b | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 1b; May play a role in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. (806 aa) |
| | Odf1 | Outer dense fiber protein 1; Component of the outer dense fibers (ODF) of spermatozoa. ODF are filamentous structures located on the outside of the axoneme in the midpiece and principal piece of the mammalian sperm tail and may help to maintain the passive elastic structures and elastic recoil of the sperm tail. (248 aa) |
| | Izumo2 | Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 2. (193 aa) |
| | Aurkc | Aurora kinase C; Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Plays also a role in meiosis and more particularly in spermatogenesis. Has redundant cellular functions with AURKB and can rescue an AURKB knockdown. Like AURKB, AURKC phosphorylates histone H3 at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28'. AURKC phosphoryla [...] (315 aa) |
| | Acrbp | Acrosin-binding protein; May be involved in packaging and condensation of the acrosin zymogen in the acrosomal matrix via its association with proacrosin. (540 aa) |
| | Proca1 | Protein PROCA1; Belongs to the PROCA1 family. (220 aa) |
| | Prss55 | Serine protease 55; Probable serine protease; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (321 aa) |
| | Plaat1 | Phospholipase A and acyltransferase 1; Exhibits both phospholipase A1/2 and acyltransferase activities (By similarity). Shows phospholipase A1 (PLA1) and A2 (PLA2) activity, catalyzing the calcium-independent release of fatty acids from the sn-1 or sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. Shows O-acyltransferase activity, catalyzing the transfer of a fatty acyl group from glycerophospholipid to the hydroxyl group of lysophospholipid (By similarity). Shows N-acyltransferase activity, catalyzing the calcium-independent transfer of a fatty acyl group at the sn-1 position of phosphatidylchol [...] (167 aa) |
| | Ccdc38 | Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 38. (563 aa) |
| | Gtsf1l | Gametocyte-specific factor 1-like; Belongs to the UPF0224 (FAM112) family. (151 aa) |
| | Actl7a | Actin-like protein 7A. (440 aa) |
| | Actl7b | Actin-like protein 7B; Belongs to the actin family. (418 aa) |
| | Akap3 | A-kinase anchor protein 3; May function as a regulator of both motility- and head- associated functions such as capacitation and the acrosome reaction. Belongs to the AKAP110 family. (864 aa) |
| | Adam25 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 25; Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in spermatogenesis and fertilization. (760 aa) |
| | C2cd6 | C2 calcium-dependent domain-containing 6. (557 aa) |
| | Ccdc185 | Coiled-coil domain-containing 185. (621 aa) |
| | Ggh | Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase; Hydrolyzes the polyglutamate sidechains of pteroylpolyglutamates. Progressively removes gamma-glutamyl residues from pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate to yield pteroyl-alpha-glutamate (folic acid) and free glutamate. May play an important role in the bioavailability of dietary pteroylpolyglutamates and in the metabolism of pteroylpolyglutamates and antifolates. Acts as endopeptidase. Lysosomal enzyme is activated by sulfhydryl compounds. (317 aa) |
| | Prss44 | Serine protease 44; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (372 aa) |
| | Adam1a | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 1a; May be involved in sperm-egg fusion. (791 aa) |
| | Gm614 | Uncharacterized protein CXorf65 homolog. (191 aa) |
| | Spaca3 | Sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 3, processed form; Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in sperm- egg plasma membrane adhesion and fusion during fertilization. It could be a potential receptor for the egg oligosaccharide residue N- acetylglucosamine, which is present in the extracellular matrix over the egg plasma membrane. The processed form has no detectable bacteriolytic activity in vitro (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family. (163 aa) |
| | Slc19a1 | Reduced folate transporter; Transporter that mediates the import of reduced folates. Has high affinity for N5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the predominant circulating form of folate. Also able to mediate the import of antifolate drug methotrexate. Mechanistically, acts as an antiporter, which export of intracellular organic anions to facilitate uptake of its substrates (By similarity). 5-amino-4- imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), when phosphorylated to AICAR monophosphate, can serve as an organic anion for antiporter activity (By similarity). (512 aa) |
| | Tmco2 | Transmembrane and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2. (187 aa) |
| | Tex38 | Testis-expressed protein 38. (201 aa) |
| | Folr1 | Folate receptor alpha; Binds to folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folate analogs into the interior of cells. Has high affinity for folate and folic acid analogs at neutral pH. Exposure to slightly acidic pH after receptor endocytosis triggers a conformation change that strongly reduces its affinity for folates and mediates their release. Required for normal embryonic development and normal cell proliferation. Required for renal folate reabsorption. (255 aa) |
| | Izumo3 | Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 3. (263 aa) |
| | Tsacc | TSSK6-activating co-chaperone protein; Co-chaperone that facilitates HSP-mediated activation of TSSK6. (124 aa) |
| | 4933414I15Rik | RIKEN cDNA 4933414I15 gene. (133 aa) |
| | Ropn1l | Ropporin-1-like protein; Important for male fertility. With ROPN1, involved in fibrous sheath integrity and sperm motility, plays a role in PKA-dependent signaling processes required for spermatozoa capacitation. (218 aa) |
| | Mageb4 | Melanoma-associated antigen B4. (556 aa) |
| | Ttll2 | Probable tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL2; Probable tubulin polyglutamylase that forms polyglutamate side chains on tubulin. Probably acts when complexed with other proteins; Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family. (540 aa) |
| | Tsks | Testis-specific serine kinase substrate; May play a role in testicular physiology, most probably in the process of spermatogenesis or spermatid development. (585 aa) |
| | Rhpn1 | Rhophilin-1; Has no enzymatic activity. May serve as a target for Rho, and interact with some cytoskeletal component upon Rho binding or relay a Rho signal to other molecules; Belongs to the RHPN family. (661 aa) |
| | Tex55 | Testis-specific expressed protein 55. (381 aa) |
| | Zan | Zonadhesin; Binds in a species-specific manner to the zona pellucida of the egg. May be involved in gamete recognition and/or signaling. (5420 aa) |
| | Tex35 | Testis-expressed protein 35. (208 aa) |
| | Tcp10a | T-complex protein 10a. (438 aa) |
| | Ccdc42 | Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 42; Required for sperm development. Belongs to the CFAP73 family. (316 aa) |
| | Samt1c | Spermatogenesis-associated multipass transmembrane protein 1b. (237 aa) |
| | Stum | Protein stum homolog; Belongs to the SPEC3 family. Stum subfamily. (141 aa) |
| | Fam71f1 | Protein FAM71F1; Belongs to the FAM71 family. (344 aa) |
| | Cfap100 | Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 100; May play a role in ciliary/flagellar motility by regulating the assembly and the activity of axonemal inner dynein arm. Belongs to the CFAP100 family. (613 aa) |
| | Spert | Protein chibby homolog 2; Belongs to the chibby family. SPERT subfamily. (446 aa) |
| | H1f7 | Testis-specific H1 histone; Essential for normal spermatogenesis and male fertility. Required for proper cell restructuring and DNA condensation during the elongation phase of spermiogenesis. Involved in the histone-protamine transition of sperm chromatin and the subsequent production of functional sperm. Binds both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA, ATP and protamine-1. (398 aa) |
| | Spaca6 | Sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 6; Sperm protein potentially involved sperm-egg fusion. (339 aa) |
| | Isoc2a | Isochorismatase domain-containing protein 2A. (206 aa) |
| | Dpy19l2 | Probable C-mannosyltransferase DPY19L2; Probable C-mannosyltransferase that mediates C-mannosylation of tryptophan residues on target proteins. Required during spermatogenesis for sperm head elongation and acrosome formation (By similarity). (773 aa) |
| | Samt1 | Spermatogenesis associated multipass transmembrane protein 1. (237 aa) |
| | Tmem95 | Transmembrane protein 95. (176 aa) |
| | Samt1b | Spermatogenesis associated multipass transmembrane protein 1b. (237 aa) |
| | Cfap73 | Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 73; May play a role in ciliary/flagellar motility by regulating the assembly and the activity of axonemal inner dynein arm. Belongs to the CFAP73 family. (306 aa) |
| | Spata17 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 17. (379 aa) |
| | Prr30 | Proline-rich protein 30. (401 aa) |
| | Prm2 | Protamine-2; Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex. (107 aa) |
| | Cabyr | Calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein; May function as a regulator of both motility- and head- associated functions such as capacitation and the acrosome reaction. May bind calcium in vitro (By similarity). (453 aa) |
| | H2al1a | H2A histone family member L1A. (105 aa) |
| | Spata45 | Spermatogenesis-associated protein 45; Belongs to the SPATA45 family. (97 aa) |
| | Spam1 | Hyaluronidase PH-20; Involved in sperm-egg adhesion. Upon fertilization sperm must first penetrate a layer of cumulus cells that surrounds the egg before reaching the zona pellucida. The cumulus cells are embedded in a matrix containing hyaluronic acid which is formed prior to ovulation. This protein aids in penetrating the layer of cumulus cells by digesting hyaluronic acid. (512 aa) |
| | Hyal5 | Hyaluronidase-5; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of hyaluronan into smaller oligosaccharide fragments. Does not appear to be essential for fertilization. (526 aa) |
| | Tmem270 | Transmembrane protein 270. (264 aa) |
| | Fam81b | Family with sequence similarity 81, member B. (432 aa) |
| | Dcst2 | DC-STAMP domain-containing 2. (701 aa) |
| | Folr2 | Folate receptor beta; Binds to folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folate analogs into the interior of cells. Has high affinity for folate and folic acid analogs at neutral pH. Exposure to slightly acidic pH after receptor endocytosis triggers a conformation change that strongly reduces its affinity for folates and mediates their release (By similarity). (251 aa) |
| | Iqcn | IQ motif-containing N. (1434 aa) |
| | Izumo4 | Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 4. (227 aa) |
| | Prss30 | Serine protease 30; Selectively cleaves synthetic peptide substrates of trypsin. Activates the epithelial sodium channel ENaC (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (310 aa) |
