STRINGSTRING
Setx Setx Ndnf Ndnf Styxl1 Styxl1 Ror1 Ror1 Zdhhc15 Zdhhc15 Fbxo38 Fbxo38 Atp1b2 Atp1b2 Ppp1r9a Ppp1r9a Eef2k Eef2k Grn Grn Cobl Cobl Crp Crp Plk5 Plk5 Scarf1 Scarf1 Lrp1 Lrp1 Ptk7 Ptk7 Cbfa2t2 Cbfa2t2 Eef1a1 Eef1a1 Zfp804a Zfp804a Ankrd27 Ankrd27 Creb3l2 Creb3l2 Atoh7 Atoh7 Fig4 Fig4 Tnn Tnn Lyn Lyn Enc1 Enc1 Tox Tox Ntrk3 Ntrk3 Camk1d Camk1d Opa1 Opa1 P2ry2 P2ry2 Nckipsd Nckipsd Tmem30a Tmem30a Khdc3 Khdc3 Fez1 Fez1 Katnb1 Katnb1 Cx3cl1 Cx3cl1 Tenm3 Tenm3 Ikbkb Ikbkb Ptpn5 Ptpn5 Cyfip1 Cyfip1 Camk1 Camk1 Lrp6 Lrp6 Ret Ret Itpr1 Itpr1 Ocm Ocm Tmem106b Tmem106b Scarb2 Scarb2 Cxcl5 Cxcl5 Dvl1 Dvl1 Mfn2 Mfn2 Ntrk1 Ntrk1 Serpini1 Serpini1 Dhx36 Dhx36 Stmn2 Stmn2 Ltk Ltk Itpka Itpka Mdk Mdk Caprin1 Caprin1 Hspa5 Hspa5 Abl2 Abl2 Serpine2 Serpine2 Nrp1 Nrp1 Il6 Il6 Avil Avil Baiap2 Baiap2 Ppp2r5b Ppp2r5b Ehd1 Ehd1 Twf2 Twf2 Atf1 Atf1 Adamts1 Adamts1 Rrn3 Rrn3 Twf1 Twf1 Washc5 Washc5 Ptk2b Ptk2b Dbn1 Dbn1 Ror2 Ror2 Nme2 Nme2 Pafah1b1 Pafah1b1 Kif3c Kif3c Fkbp1b Fkbp1b Dbnl Dbnl Snx3 Snx3 Ndel1 Ndel1 Retreg3 Retreg3 Ptk6 Ptk6 Bmp5 Bmp5 Bmp7 Bmp7 Neu1 Neu1 Epor Epor Igf1r Igf1r ENSMUSP00000158957 ENSMUSP00000158957 Ankrd1 Ankrd1 Pacsin1 Pacsin1 Dnm1l Dnm1l Gprc5b Gprc5b Hgf Hgf Lrrc7 Lrrc7 Ngfr Ngfr Actr2 Actr2 Serpinf1 Serpinf1 Plxnb3 Plxnb3 Braf Braf Tiam1 Tiam1 Prkd1 Prkd1 Ppp2r5d Ppp2r5d Ddx56 Ddx56 Hspb1 Hspb1 Nlgn1 Nlgn1 Apbb1 Apbb1 Actr3 Actr3 Alkal1 Alkal1 Dynlt1b Dynlt1b Cpeb1 Cpeb1 Dynlt1f Dynlt1f Hap1 Hap1 Apoe Apoe Cntn1 Cntn1 Mark2 Mark2 Sphk1 Sphk1 Trim67 Trim67 Iqgap1 Iqgap1 Dynlt1a Dynlt1a Ap2a1 Ap2a1 Vldlr Vldlr Nrxn1 Nrxn1 Stau2 Stau2 Gpc2 Gpc2 Reln Reln Afdn Afdn Sf3a2 Sf3a2 Nme1 Nme1 Vegfa Vegfa Rgs2 Rgs2 Rit2 Rit2 Rapgef2 Rapgef2 Itga3 Itga3 Dpysl3 Dpysl3 S100a9 S100a9 Sirt1 Sirt1 Disc1 Disc1 Nck1 Nck1 Hnrnpk Hnrnpk Ube2v2 Ube2v2 Ranbp1 Ranbp1 Met Met Cask Cask Kalrn Kalrn Dcc Dcc Cflar Cflar Flna Flna Dmd Dmd Cntf Cntf Pak3 Pak3 Itga6 Itga6 Cux2 Cux2 Caprin2 Caprin2 Clip1 Clip1 Epo Epo Bcl11a Bcl11a Plxnb2 Plxnb2 Acsl6 Acsl6 Prkci Prkci Ngf Ngf Lrp8 Lrp8 Amigo1 Amigo1 Elavl4 Elavl4 Plppr5 Plppr5 Kdm1a Kdm1a Ahi1 Ahi1 Nfe2l2 Nfe2l2 P3h1 P3h1 Mtor Mtor Adam17 Adam17 Ptn Ptn Xlr3b Xlr3b Mapt Mapt Fyn Fyn Scn1b Scn1b Tsc2 Tsc2 Rapgef1 Rapgef1 Rgma Rgma Dynlt1c Dynlt1c Marcks Marcks Arsb Arsb Mfn1 Mfn1 Dab2ip Dab2ip Rap1a Rap1a Ptprz1 Ptprz1 Camk2b Camk2b Itgb1 Itgb1 Magi2 Magi2 Adnp Adnp Alk Alk Nptn Nptn Fut9 Fut9 Mob2 Mob2 Fgfr1 Fgfr1 Ezh2 Ezh2 Fes Fes Atp8a2 Atp8a2 Ntrk2 Ntrk2 Stk24 Stk24 Crtc1 Crtc1 Arhgap35 Arhgap35 Tubb2b Tubb2b Abl1 Abl1 Bmp4 Bmp4 Negr1 Negr1 Nrg1 Nrg1 Ndrg4 Ndrg4 Nf1 Nf1 Alkal2 Alkal2 Pla2g3 Pla2g3 Bhlhb9 Bhlhb9 Lif Lif Adcyap1 Adcyap1 Ep300 Ep300 Epha3 Epha3 Agt Agt Xlr4b Xlr4b Wnt5a Wnt5a Kidins220 Kidins220 Pcp4 Pcp4 Fzd1 Fzd1 Ephb2 Ephb2 Bdnf Bdnf Cd24a Cd24a Cnr1 Cnr1
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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SetxProbable helicase senataxin; Probable RNA/DNA helicase involved in diverse aspects of RNA metabolism and genomic integrity. Plays a role in transcription regulation by its ability to modulate RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) binding to chromatin and through its interaction with proteins involved in transcription. Contributes to the mRNA splicing efficiency and splice site selection. Required for the resolution of R-loop RNA-DNA hybrid formation at G-rich pause sites located downstream of the poly(A) site, allowing XRN2 recruitment and XRN2-mediated degradation of the downstream cleaved RNA a [...] (2646 aa)
NdnfProtein NDNF; Promotes neuron migration, growth and survival as well as neurite outgrowth (By similarity). Promotes matrix assembly and cell adhesiveness. Promotes endothelial cell survival, vessel formation and plays an important role in the process of revascularization through NOS3-dependent mechanisms. (568 aa)
Styxl1Serine/threonine/tyrosine-interacting-like 1. (321 aa)
Ror1Inactive tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR1; Has very low kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in vivo (By similarity). Receptor for ligand WNT5A which activate downstream NFkB signaling pathway and may result in the inhibition of WNT3A-mediated signaling (By similarity). In inner ear, crucial for spiral ganglion neurons to innervate auditory hair cells. (937 aa)
Zdhhc15Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC15; Catalyzes palmitoylation of Cys residues on target proteins. Catalyzes palmitoylation of GAP43 and DLG4/PSD95. (337 aa)
Fbxo38F-box only protein 38; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of PDCD1/PD-1, thereby regulating T-cells-mediated immunity. Required for anti-tumor activity of T-cells by promoting the degradation of PDCD1/PD-1; the PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway being exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and facilitate tumor survival. May indirectly stimulate the activity of transcription factor KLF7, a regulator of neuronal differentiation, without [...] (1194 aa)
Atp1b2Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2; This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-2 subunit is not known. (290 aa)
Ppp1r9aNeural tissue-specific F-actin binding protein. (1095 aa)
Eef2kEukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase; Threonine kinase that regulates protein synthesis by controlling the rate of peptide chain elongation. Upon activation by a variety of upstream kinases including AMPK or TRPM7, phosphorylates the elongation factor EEF2 at a single site, renders it unable to bind ribosomes and thus inactive. In turn, the rate of protein synthesis is reduced. (724 aa)
GrnParagranulin; Secreted protein that acts as a key regulator of lysosomal function and as a growth factor involved in inflammation, wound healing and cell proliferation. Regulates protein trafficking to lysosomes and, also the activity of lysosomal enzymes. Facilitates also the acidification of lysosomes, causing degradation of mature CTSD by CTSB. In addition, functions as wound-related growth factor that acts directly on dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells to promote division, migration and the formation of capillary-like tubule structures. Also promotes epithelial cell prolifera [...] (602 aa)
CoblProtein cordon-bleu; Plays an important role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin). Nucleates actin polymerization by assembling three actin monomers in cross-filament orientation and thereby promotes growth of actin filaments at the barbed end. Can also mediate actin depolymerization at barbed ends and severing of actin filaments. Promotes formation of cell ruffles. Regulates neuron morphogenesis and increases branching of axons and dendrites. Regulates dendrite branching in Purkinje cells. (1337 aa)
CrpC-reactive protein; Displays several functions associated with host defense: it promotes agglutination, bacterial capsular swelling, phagocytosis and complement fixation through its calcium-dependent binding to phosphorylcholine. Can interact with DNA and histones and may scavenge nuclear material released from damaged circulating cells; Belongs to the pentraxin family. (225 aa)
Plk5Inactive serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK5; Inactive serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a role in cell cycle progression and neuronal differentiation. (599 aa)
Scarf1Scavenger receptor class F member 1; Mediates the binding and degradation of acetylated low density lipoprotein (Ac-LDL). Mediates heterophilic interactions, suggesting a function as adhesion protein (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of neurite-like outgrowth. (820 aa)
Lrp1Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 intracellular domain; Endocytic receptor involved in endocytosis and in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Required for early embryonic development. Involved in cellular lipid homeostasis. Involved in the plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants and activated LRPAP1 (alpha 2-macroglobulin), as well as the local metabolism of complexes between plasminogen activators and their endogenous inhibitors. May modulate cellular events, such as APP metabolism, kinase-dependent intracellular signaling, neuronal calcium signaling as well as neurotra [...] (4545 aa)
Ptk7Inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7; Inactive tyrosine kinase involved in Wnt signaling pathway. Component of both the non-canonical (also known as the Wnt/planar cell polarity signaling) and the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Functions in cell adhesion, cell migration, cell polarity, proliferation, actin cytoskeleton reorganization and apoptosis. Has a role in embryogenesis, epithelial tissue organization and angiogenesis. (1062 aa)
Cbfa2t2Protein CBFA2T2; Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Via association with PRDM14 is involved in regulation of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. Involved in primordial germ cell (PCG) formation. Stabilizes PRDM14 and OCT4 on chromatin in a homooligomerization-dependent mannerCan repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner (By similarity). Through heteromerization with CBFA2T3/MTG16 may be involved in re [...] (594 aa)
Eef1a1Elongation factor 1-alpha 1; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. With PARP1 and TXK, forms a complex that acts as a T helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific transcription factor and binds the promoter of IFN-gamma to directly regulate its transcription, and is thus involved importantly in Th1 cytokine production. (462 aa)
Zfp804aZinc finger protein 804A. (1200 aa)
Ankrd27Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 27; May be a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for Rab21, Rab32 and Rab38 and regulate endosome dynamics (By similarity). May regulate the participation of VAMP7 in membrane fusion events; in vitro inhibits VAMP7-mediated SNARE complex formation by trapping VAMP7 in a closed, fusogenically inactive conformation (By similarity). Involved in peripheral melanosomal distribution of TYRP1 in melanocytes; the function, which probably is implicating vesicle-trafficking, includes cooperation with Rab32, Rab38 and VAMP7. Involved in the regulation of neurite [...] (1048 aa)
Creb3l2Processed cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2; Transcription factor involved in unfolded protein response (UPR). In the absence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inserted into ER membranes, with N-terminal DNA-binding and transcription activation domains oriented toward the cytosolic face of the membrane. In response to ER stress, transported to the Golgi, where it is cleaved in a site-specific manner by resident proteases S1P/MBTPS1 and S2P/MBTPS2. The released N-terminal cytosolic domain is translocated to the nucleus to effect transcription of specific [...] (521 aa)
Atoh7Protein atonal homolog 7; Transcription factor involved in the differentiation of most retinal ganglion cells, including those constituting the retino- hypothalamic tract. (149 aa)
Fig4Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase; The PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex regulates both the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). In vitro, hydrolyzes all three D5-phosphorylated polyphosphoinositide substrates in the order PtdIns(4,5)P2 > PtdIns(3,5)P2 > PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Plays a role in the biogenesis of endosome carrier vesicles (ECV) / multivesicular bodies (MVB) transport intermediates from early endosomes. (907 aa)
TnnTenascin-N; Extracellular matrix protein that seems to be a ligand for ITGA8:ITGB1, ITGAV:ITGB1 and ITGA4:ITGB1 (By similarity). Involved in neurite outgrowth and cell migration in hippocampal explants. During endochondral bone formation, inhibits proliferation and differentiation of proteoblasts mediated by canonical WNT signaling. In tumors, stimulates angiogenesis by elongation, migration and sprouting of endothelial cells (By similarity). Expressed in most mammary tumors, may facilitate tumorigenesis by supporting the migratory behavior of breast cancer cells. Belongs to the tenasc [...] (1560 aa)
LynTyrosine-protein kinase Lyn; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that transmits signals from cell surface receptors and plays an important role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, hematopoiesis, responses to growth factors and cytokines, integrin signaling, but also responses to DNA damage and genotoxic agents. Functions primarily as negative regulator, but can also function as activator, depending on the context. Required for the initiation of the B-cell response, but also for its down-regulation and termination. Plays an important role in the regulation of B-c [...] (512 aa)
Enc1Ectoderm-neural cortex protein 1; Actin-binding protein involved in the regulation of neuronal process formation and in differentiation of neural crest cells. Down- regulates transcription factor NF2L2/NRF2 by decreasing the rate of protein synthesis and not via a ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation mechanism (By similarity). (589 aa)
ToxThymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein TOX; Transcriptional regulator with a major role in neural stem cell commitment and corticogenesis as well as in lymphoid cell development and lymphoid tissue organogenesis. Binds to GC-rich DNA sequences in the proximity of transcription start sites and may alter chromatin structure, modifying access of transcription factors to DNA. During cortical development, controls the neural stem cell pool by inhibiting the switch from proliferative to differentiating progenitors. Beyond progenitor cells, promotes neurite outgrowth i [...] (526 aa)
Ntrk3NT-3 growth factor receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in nervous system and probably heart development. Upon binding of its ligand NTF3/neurotrophin-3, NTRK3 autophosphorylates and activates different signaling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT and the MAPK pathways, that control cell survival and differentiation. (825 aa)
Camk1dCalcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that operates in the calcium-triggered CaMKK-CaMK1 signaling cascade and, upon calcium influx, activates CREB-dependent gene transcription, regulates calcium- mediated granulocyte function and respiratory burst and promotes basal dendritic growth of hippocampal neurons. In neutrophil cells, required for cytokine-induced proliferative responses and activation of the respiratory burst. Activates the transcription factor CREB1 in hippocampal neuron nuclei. May play a role in apoptosis of eryth [...] (385 aa)
Opa1Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein, mitochondrial; Dynamin-related GTPase that is essential for normal mitochondrial morphology by regulating the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and mitochondrial fission. Coexpression of isoform 1 with shorter alternative products is required for optimal activity in promoting mitochondrial fusion (By similarity). Binds lipid membranes enriched in negatively charged phospholipids, such as cardiolipin, and promotes membrane tubulation. The intrinsic GTPase activity is low, and is strongly increased by interaction with lipid membranes (By similarity). [...] (978 aa)
P2ry2P2Y purinoceptor 2; Receptor for ATP and UTP coupled to G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The affinity range is UTP = ATP > ATP-gamma-S >> 2-methylthio-ATP = ADP. (373 aa)
NckipsdNCK-interacting protein with SH3 domain; Has an important role in stress fiber formation induced by active diaphanous protein homolog 1 (DRF1) (By similarity). Induces microspike formation, in vivo. In vitro, stimulates N-WASP-induced ARP2/3 complex activation in the absence of CDC42. May play an important role in the maintenance of sarcomere and/or in the assembly of myofibrils into sarcomeres. Implicated in regulation of actin polymerization and cell adhesion. (714 aa)
Tmem30aCell cycle control protein 50A; Accessory component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. Phospholipid translocation seems also to be implicated in vesicle formation and in uptake of lipid signaling molecules. The beta subunit may assist in binding of the phospholipid substrate. Required for the proper folding, assembly and ER to Golgi exit of the ATP8A2:TMEM30A flippase complex. [...] (364 aa)
Khdc3KH domain-containing protein 3; Required for maintenance of euploidy during cleavage-stage embryogenesis. Ensures proper spindle assembly by regulating the localization of AURKA via RHOA signaling and of PLK1 via a RHOA- independent process. Required for the localization of MAD2L1 to kinetochores to enable spindle assembly checkpoint function. Capable of binding RNA. (440 aa)
Fez1Fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1; May be involved in axonal outgrowth as component of the network of molecules that regulate cellular morphology and axon guidance machinery. May participate in the transport of mitochondria and other cargos along microtubules (By similarity). (392 aa)
Katnb1Katanin p80 WD40 repeat-containing subunit B1; Participates in a complex which severs microtubules in an ATP-dependent manner. May act to target the enzymatic subunit of this complex to sites of action such as the centrosome. Microtubule severing may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the centrosome following nucleation. Microtubule release from the mitotic spindle poles may allow depolymerization of the microtubule end proximal to the spindle pole, leading to poleward microtubule flux and poleward motion of chromosome. The [...] (658 aa)
Cx3cl1Processed fractalkine; Acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins. Binds to CX3CR1 and to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1. Can activate integrins in both a CX3CR1-dependent and CX3CR1-independent manner. In the presence of CX3CR1, activates integrins by binding to the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) in integrins. In the absence of CX3CR1, binds to a second site (site 2) in integrins which is distinct from site 1 and enhances the binding of other integrin ligands to site 1 (By similarity). The soluble form is chemotactic for T-cells and monocytes, but not for neutrophil [...] (395 aa)
Tenm3Teneurin-3; Involved in neural development by regulating the establishment of proper connectivity within the nervous system. Acts in both pre- and postsynaptic neurons in the hippocampus to control the assembly of a precise topographic projection: required in both CA1 and subicular neurons for the precise targeting of proximal CA1 axons to distal subiculum, probably by promoting homophilic cell adhesion. Promotes homophilic adhesion in a splicing isoform-dependent manner: most isoforms (isoform-type A and type-B) can mediate homophilic interaction. Promotes axon guidance. Required for [...] (2715 aa)
IkbkbInhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is transloca [...] (757 aa)
Ptpn5Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 5; May regulate the activity of several effector molecules involved in synaptic plasticity and neuronal cell survival, including MAPKs, Src family kinases and NMDA receptors; Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class subfamily. (541 aa)
Cyfip1Cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 1; Component of the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex which binds to the mRNA cap and mediates translational repression. In the CYFIP1-EIF4E- FMR1 complex this subunit is an adapter between EIF4E and FMR1. Promotes the translation repression activity of FMR1 in brain probably by mediating its association with EIF4E and mRNA (By similarity). Regulates formation of membrane ruffles and lamellipodia. Plays a role in axon outgrowth. Binds to F-actin but not to RNA. Part of the WAVE complex that regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with th [...] (1253 aa)
Camk1Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that operates in the calcium-triggered CaMKK-CaMK1 signaling cascade and, upon calcium influx, regulates transcription activators activity, cell cycle, hormone production, cell differentiation, actin filament organization and neurite outgrowth. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [MVLIF]-x-R-x(2)-[ST]-x(3)-[MVLIF]. Regulates axonal extension and growth cone motility in hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells. Upon NMDA receptor-mediated Ca(2+) elevation, promotes dendritic growth in h [...] (374 aa)
Lrp6Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6; Component of the Wnt-Fzd-LRP5-LRP6 complex that triggers beta-catenin signaling through inducing aggregation of receptor-ligand complexes into ribosome-sized signalsomes. Cell-surface coreceptor of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, which plays a pivotal role in bone formation. The Wnt-induced Fzd/LRP6 coreceptor complex recruits DVL1 polymers to the plasma membrane which, in turn, recruits the AXIN1/GSK3B-complex to the cell surface promoting the formation of signalsomes and inhibiting AXIN1/GSK3-mediated phosphorylation and destruction of [...] (1613 aa)
RetExtracellular cell-membrane anchored RET cadherin 120 kDa fragment; Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase involved in numerous cellular mechanisms including cell proliferation, neuronal navigation, cell migration, and cell differentiation upon binding with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor family ligands. Phosphorylates PTK2/FAK1. Regulates both cell death/survival balance and positional information. Required for the molecular mechanisms orchestration during intestine organogenesis; involved in the development of enteric nervous system and renal organogenesis during embryonic life, and [...] (1115 aa)
Itpr1Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1; Intracellular channel that mediates calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum following stimulation by inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate. Involved in the regulation of epithelial secretion of electrolytes and fluid through the interaction with AHCYL1. Plays a role in ER stress-induced apoptosis. Cytoplasmic calcium released from the ER triggers apoptosis by the activation of CaM kinase II, eventually leading to the activation of downstream apoptosis pathways. (2749 aa)
OcmOncomodulin; Has some calmodulin-like activity with respect to enzyme activation and growth regulation. Binds two calcium ions; Belongs to the parvalbumin family. (109 aa)
Tmem106bTransmembrane protein 106B; Involved in dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance by regulating lysosomal trafficking via its interaction with MAP6. May act by inhibiting retrograde transport of lysosomes along dendrites. Required for dendrite branching (By similarity). (275 aa)
Scarb2Lysosome membrane protein 2; Acts as a lysosomal receptor for glucosylceramidase (GBA) targeting; Belongs to the CD36 family. (478 aa)
Cxcl5C-X-C motif chemokine 5; May participate in the recruitment of inflammatory cells by injured or infected tissue. GCP-2(1-78) and, more potent, GCP-2(9-78) attract neutrophils and are involved in neutrophil activation. (132 aa)
Dvl1Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1; Participates in Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors. Plays a role both in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Required for LEF1 activation upon WNT1 and WNT3A signaling. DVL1 and PAK1 form a ternary complex with MUSK which is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Belongs [...] (695 aa)
Mfn2Mitofusin-2; Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, and their morphology is determined by the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission events. Overexpression induces the formation of mitochondrial networks. Membrane clustering requires GTPase activity and may involve a major rearrangement of the coiled coil domains (By similarity). Plays a central role in mitochondrial metabolism and may be associated with obesity and/or apoptosis processes. Plays an important role in the regulation [...] (757 aa)
Ntrk1High affinity nerve growth factor receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and the maturation of the central and peripheral nervous systems through regulation of proliferation, differentiation and survival of sympathetic and nervous neurons. High affinity receptor for NGF which is its primary ligand, it can also bind and be activated by NTF3/neurotrophin-3. However, NTF3 only supports axonal extension through NTRK1 but has no effect on neuron survival. Upon dimeric NGF ligand-binding, undergoes homodimerization, autophosphorylation and activation. Recruits, phosph [...] (799 aa)
Serpini1Neuroserpin; Serine protease inhibitor that inhibits plasminogen activators and plasmin but not thrombin. May be involved in the formation or reorganization of synaptic connections as well as for synaptic plasticity in the adult nervous system. May protect neurons from cell damage by tissue-type plasminogen activator (Probable). (410 aa)
Dhx36ATP-dependent DNA/RNA helicase DHX36; Multifunctional ATP-dependent helicase that unwinds G- quadruplex (G4) structures. Plays a role in many biological processes such as genomic integrity, gene expression regulations and as a sensor to initiate antiviral responses. G4 structures correspond to helical structures containing guanine tetrads (By similarity). Binds with high affinity to and unwinds G4 structures that are formed in nucleic acids (G4-ADN and G4-RNA) (By similarity). Plays a role in genomic integrity (By similarity). Converts the G4-RNA structure present in telomerase RNA tem [...] (1001 aa)
Stmn2Stathmin-2; Regulator of microtubule stability. When phosphorylated by MAPK8, stabilizes microtubules and consequently controls neurite length in cortical neurons. In the developing brain, negatively regulates the rate of exit from multipolar stage and retards radial migration from the ventricular zone; Belongs to the stathmin family. (179 aa)
LtkLeukocyte tyrosine kinase receptor; Receptor with a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. The exact function of this protein is not known. Studies with chimeric proteins (replacing its extracellular region with that of several known growth factor receptors, such as EGFR and CSFIR) demonstrate its ability to promote growth and specifically neurite outgrowth, and cell survival. Signaling appears to involve the PI3 kinase pathway. Involved in regulation of the secretory pathway involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) export sites (ERESs) and ER to Golgi transport (By similarity). (888 aa)
ItpkaInositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase A; Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family. (459 aa)
MdkMidkine; Secreted protein that functions as cytokine and growth factor and mediates its signal through cell-surface proteoglycan and non- proteoglycan receptors. Binds cell-surface proteoglycan receptors via their chondroitin sulfate (CS) groups. Thereby regulates many processes like inflammatory response, cell proliferation, cell adhesion, cell growth, cell survival, tissue regeneration, cell differentiation and cell migration. Participates in inflammatory processes by exerting two different activities. Firstly, mediates neutrophils and macrophages recruitment to the sites of inflamma [...] (140 aa)
Caprin1Caprin-1; May regulate the transport and translation of mRNAs of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity in neurons and cell proliferation and migration in multiple cell types. Binds directly and selectively to MYC and CCND2 RNAs. In neuronal cells, directly binds to several mRNAs associated with RNA granules, including BDNF, CAMK2A, CREB1, MAP2, NTRK2 mRNAs, as well as to GRIN1 and KPNB1 mRNAs, but not to rRNAs (By similarity). Belongs to the caprin family. (707 aa)
Hspa5Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP; Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that plays a key role in protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10/ERdj5, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10/ERdj5 from its substrate. Acts as a key repressor of the ERN1/IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) (By similarity). In the unstressed endoplasmic reticulum, recruited by DNAJB9/ERdj4 to the luminal region of ERN1/IRE1, leading to disrupt the dimeriz [...] (655 aa)
Abl2Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an ABL1- overlapping role in key processes linked to cell growth and survival such as cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, cell motility and adhesion, receptor endocytosis, autophagy, DNA damage response and apoptosis. Coordinates actin remodeling through tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics like MYH10 (involved in movement); CTTN (involved in signaling); or TUBA1 and TUBB (microtubule subunits). Binds directly F-actin and regulates actin cytoskeletal [...] (1182 aa)
Serpine2Glia-derived nexin; Serine protease inhibitor with activity toward thrombin, trypsin, and urokinase. Promotes neurite extension by inhibiting thrombin. Binds heparin. (397 aa)
Nrp1Neuropilin-1; Receptor involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, in angiogenesis, in the formation of certain neuronal circuits and in organogenesis outside the nervous system (By similarity). Mediates the chemorepulsant activity of semaphorins. Binds to semaphorin 3A, the PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, the VEGF165 isoform of VEGFA and VEGFB (By similarity). Coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis. Regulates VEGF-induced angiogenesis (By similarity). Binding to VEGFA initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron [...] (923 aa)
Il6Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasm [...] (211 aa)
AvilAdvillin; Ca(2+)-regulated actin-binding protein. May have a unique function in the morphogenesis of neuronal cells which form ganglia. Required for SREC1-mediated regulation of neurite-like outgrowth. Plays a role in regenerative sensory axon outgrowth and remodeling processes after peripheral injury in neonates. Involved in the formation of long fine actin-containing filopodia-like structures in fibroblast. Plays a role in ciliogenesis; Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family. (819 aa)
Baiap2Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2; Adapter protein that links membrane-bound small G-proteins to cytoplasmic effector proteins. Necessary for CDC42-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and for RAC1-mediated membrane ruffling. Involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by WASF family members and the Arp2/3 complex. Plays a role in neurite growth. Acts syngeristically with ENAH to promote filipodia formation. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to bacterial infection. Participates in actin bundling whe [...] (535 aa)
Ppp2r5bSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform; As the regulatory component of the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme, modulates substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and responsiveness to phosphorylation. The phosphorylated form mediates the interaction between PP2A and AKT1, leading to AKT1 dephosphorylation. (497 aa)
Ehd1EH domain-containing protein 1; ATP- and membrane-binding protein that controls membrane reorganization/tubulation upon ATP hydrolysis. In vitro causes vesiculation of endocytic membranes (By similarity). Acts in early endocytic membrane fusion and membrane trafficking of recycling endosomes. Recruited to endosomal membranes upon nerve growth factor stimulation, indirectly regulates neurite outgrowth (By similarity). Plays a role in myoblast fusion. Involved in the unidirectional retrograde dendritic transport of endocytosed BACE1 and in efficient sorting of BACE1 to axons implicating [...] (534 aa)
Twf2Twinfilin-2; Actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. Inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G- actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. Seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles. May play a role in regulating the mature length of the middle and short rows of stereocilia; Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Twinfilin subfamily. (349 aa)
Atf1Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1; Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'- GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Binds to the Tax-responsive element (TRE) of HTLV-I. Mediates PKA-induced stimulation of CRE-reporter genes. Represses the expression of FTH1 and other antioxidant detoxification genes. Triggers cell proliferation and transformation (By similarity); Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily. (269 aa)
Adamts1A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1; Cleaves aggrecan, a cartilage proteoglycan, at the '1691- Glu-|-Leu-1692' site (within the chondroitin sulfate attachment domain), and may be involved in its turnover. Has angiogenic inhibitor activity (By similarity). Active metalloprotease, which may be associated with various inflammatory processes as well as development of cancer cachexia. May play a critical role in follicular rupture (By similarity). (968 aa)
Rrn3RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN3; Required for efficient transcription initiation by RNA polymerase I. Required for the formation of the competent preinitiation complex (PIC). Dissociates from pol I as a consequence of transcription. In vitro, cannot activate transcription in a subsequent transcription reaction; Belongs to the RRN3 family. (656 aa)
Twf1Twinfilin-1; Actin-binding protein involved in motile and morphological processes. Inhibits actin polymerization, likely by sequestering G- actin. By capping the barbed ends of filaments, it also regulates motility. Seems to play an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distribution of endocytic organelles. (350 aa)
Washc5WASH complex subunit 5; Acts at least in part as component of the WASH core complex whose assembly at the surface of endosomes seems to inhibit WASH nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) activity in recruiting and activating the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization, and which is involved in regulation of the fission of tubules that serve as transport intermediates during endosome sorting. May be involved in axonal outgrowth. Involved in cellular localization of ADRB2. Involved in cellular trafficking of BLOC-1 complex cargos such as ATP7A and VAMP7 (By similarity). Involved in cyt [...] (1159 aa)
Ptk2bProtein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization, cell migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodeling. Plays a role in the regulation of the humoral immune response, and is required for normal levels of marginal B-cells in the spleen and normal migration of splenic B-cells. Required for normal macrophage polarization and migration towards sites of inflammation. Regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell spreading in T-cells, and contributes to the regulation of T-cell responses. Promot [...] (1009 aa)
Dbn1Drebrin; Actin cytoskeleton-organizing protein that plays a role in the formation of cell projections (By similarity). Required for actin polymerization at immunological synapses (IS) and for the recruitment of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 to IS (By similarity). Plays a role in dendritic spine morphogenesis and organization, including the localization of the dopamine receptor DRD1 to the dendritic spines. Involved in memory-related synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. (706 aa)
Ror2Tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR2; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor which may be involved in the early formation of the chondrocytes. It seems to be required for cartilage and growth plate development. Phosphorylates YWHAB, leading to induction of osteogenesis and bone formation. In contrast, has also been shown to have very little tyrosine kinase activity in vitro. May act as a receptor for wnt ligand WNT5A which may result in the inhibition of WNT3A-mediated signaling (By similarity). (944 aa)
Nme2Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate (By similarity). Negatively regulates Rho activity by interacting with AKAP13/LBC. Acts as a transcriptional activator of the MYC gene; binds DNA non-specifically. Binds to both single-stranded guanine- and cytosine-rich strands within the nuclease hypersensitive element (NHE) III(1) region of the MYC gene promoter. Does not bind to duplex NHE I [...] (152 aa)
Pafah1b1Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha; Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein-mediated microtubule sliding by targeting dynein to the microtubule plus end. Required for several dynein- and microtubule-dependent processes such as the maintenance of Golgi integrity, the peripheral transport of microtubule fragments and the coupling of the nucleus and centrosome. Required during brain development for the proliferation of neuronal precursors and the migration of newly formed neurons from the ven [...] (410 aa)
Kif3cKinesin-like protein KIF3C; Microtubule-based anterograde translocator for membranous organelles. (796 aa)
Fkbp1bPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B; Has the potential to contribute to the immunosuppressive and toxic effects of FK506 and rapamycin. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity); Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily. (108 aa)
DbnlDrebrin-like protein; Adapter protein that binds F-actin and DNM1, and thereby plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of cell projections, such as neurites, in neuron morphogenesis and synapse formation via its interaction with WASL and COBL. Does not bind G-actin and promote actin polymerization by itself. Required for the formation of organized podosome rosettes. May act as a common effector of antigen receptor-signaling pathways in leukocytes. Acts as a key component of the immunological synapse that reg [...] (436 aa)
Snx3Sorting nexin-3; Phosphoinositide-binding protein required for multivesicular body formation. Specifically binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)). Also can bind phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(P4)), phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(P5)) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-biphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Plays a role in protein transport between cellular compartments. Together with RAB7A facilitates endosome membrane association of the retromer cargo-selective subcomplex (CSC). May act in part as component of the SNX3-retromer complex which mediates the retrograde en [...] (162 aa)
Ndel1Nuclear distribution protein nudE-like 1; Required for organization of the cellular microtubule array and microtubule anchoring at the centrosome. May regulate microtubule organization at least in part by targeting the microtubule severing protein KATNA1 to the centrosome. Also positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein-mediated microtubule sliding by targeting dynein to the microtubule plus ends. Required for several dynein- and microtubule-dependent processes such as the maintenance of Golgi integrity, the centripe [...] (345 aa)
Retreg3Reticulophagy regulator 3; Mediates NRF1-enhanced neurite outgrowth. Belongs to the RETREG family. (466 aa)
Ptk6Protein-tyrosine kinase 6; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase implicated in the regulation of a variety of signaling pathways that control the differentiation and maintenance of normal epithelia, as well as tumor growth. Function seems to be context dependent and differ depending on cell type, as well as its intracellular localization. A number of potential nuclear and cytoplasmic substrates have been identified. These include the RNA-binding proteins: KHDRBS1/SAM68, KHDRBS2/SLM1, KHDRBS3/SLM2 and SFPQ/PSF; transcription factors: STAT3 and STAT5A/B and a variety of signaling molecule [...] (451 aa)
Bmp5Bone morphogenetic protein 5; Induces cartilage and bone formation; Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (454 aa)
Bmp7Bone morphogenetic protein 7; Induces cartilage and bone formation. May be the osteoinductive factor responsible for the phenomenon of epithelial osteogenesis. Plays a role in calcium regulation and bone homeostasis. (430 aa)
Neu1Sialidase-1; Catalyzes the removal of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) moieties from glycoproteins and glycolipids. To be active, it is strictly dependent on its presence in the multienzyme complex. Appears to have a preference for alpha 2-3 and alpha 2-6 sialyl linkage. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 33 family. (409 aa)
EporErythropoietin receptor; Receptor for erythropoietin. Mediates erythropoietin-induced erythroblast proliferation and differentiation. Upon EPO stimulation, EPOR dimerizes triggering the JAK2/STAT5 signaling cascade. In some cell types, can also activate STAT1 and STAT3. May also activate the LYN tyrosine kinase. (507 aa)
Igf1rInsulin-like growth factor 1 receptor alpha chain; Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates actions of insulin- like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Binds IGF1 with high affinity and IGF2 and insulin (INS) with a lower affinity. The activated IGF1R is involved in cell growth and survival control. IGF1R is crucial for tumor transformation and survival of malignant cell. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase, leading to receptor autophosphorylation, and tyrosines phosphorylation of multiple substrates, that function as signaling adapter proteins including, the insulin-receptor substrates ( [...] (1369 aa)
ENSMUSP00000158957Uncharacterized protein. (61 aa)
Ankrd1Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1; May play an important role in endothelial cell activation. May act as a nuclear transcription factor that negatively regulates the expression of cardiac genes. (319 aa)
Pacsin1Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons protein 1; Binds to membranes via its F-BAR domain and mediates membrane tubulation. Plays a role in the reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton via its interaction with MAPT; this decreases microtubule stability and inhibits MAPT-induced microtubule polymerization. Plays a role in cellular transport processes by recruiting DNM1, DNM2 and DNM3 to membranes. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and in neuron morphogenesis via its interaction with COBL and WASL, and by recruiting COBL to the cell corte [...] (441 aa)
Dnm1lDynamin-1-like protein; Functions in mitochondrial and peroxisomal division. Mediates membrane fission through oligomerization into membrane-associated tubular structures that wrap around the scission site to constrict and sever the mitochondrial membrane through a GTP hydrolysis-dependent mechanism. The specific recruitment at scission sites is mediated by membrane receptors like MFF, MIEF1 and MIEF2 for mitochondrial membranes. While the recruitment by the membrane receptors is GTP- dependent, the following hydrolysis of GTP induces the dissociation from the receptors and allows DNM1 [...] (716 aa)
Gprc5bG-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member B; Unknown. This retinoic acid-inducible G-protein coupled receptor provide evidence for a possible interaction between retinoid and G-protein signaling pathways (By similarity). (411 aa)
HgfHepatocyte growth factor alpha chain; Potent mitogen for mature parenchymal hepatocyte cells, seems to be a hepatotrophic factor, and acts as a growth factor for a broad spectrum of tissues and cell types. Activating ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase MET by binding to it and promoting its dimerization. Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasminogen subfamily. (728 aa)
Lrrc7Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 7; Required for normal synaptic spine architecture and function. Necessary for DISC1 and GRM5 localization to postsynaptic density complexes and for both N-methyl D-aspartate receptor-dependent and metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent long term depression. (1495 aa)
NgfrTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16; Low affinity neurotrophin receptor which can bind to mature NGF, BDNF, NTF3, and NTF4. Forms a heterodimeric receptor with SORCS2 that binds the precursor forms of NGF (proNGF), BDNF (proBDNF) and NTF3 (proNT3) with high affinity, and has much lower affinity for mature NGF and BDNF. Plays an important role in differentiation and survival of specific neuronal populations during development. Can mediate cell survival as well as cell death of neural cells. The heterodimeric receptor formed with SORCS2 plays a role in proBDNF-dependent [...] (427 aa)
Actr2Actin-related protein 2; ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promote [...] (394 aa)
Serpinf1Pigment epithelium-derived factor; Neurotrophic protein; induces extensive neuronal differentiation in retinoblastoma cells. Potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. As it does not undergo the S (stressed) to R (relaxed) conformational transition characteristic of active serpins, it exhibits no serine protease inhibitory activity. (417 aa)
Plxnb3Plexin-B3; Receptor for SEMA5A that plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration. Stimulates neurite outgrowth and mediates Ca(2+)/Mg(2+)-dependent cell aggregation. In glioma cells, SEMA5A stimulation of PLXNB3 results in the disassembly of F-actin stress fibers, disruption of focal adhesions and cellular collapse as well as inhibition of cell migration and invasion through ARHGDIA- mediated inactivation of RAC1 (By similarity). Seem to be non-essential for normal development and function of the central nervous system. (1902 aa)
BrafSerine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf; Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Phosphorylates MAP2K1, and thereby activates the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. May play a role in the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neurons. (804 aa)
Tiam1T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1; Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP- dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Activates RAC1, CDC42, and to a lesser extent RHOA. Required for normal cell adhesion and cell migration (By similarity). Affects invasiveness of T-lymphoma cells. Belongs to the TIAM family. (1591 aa)
Prkd1Serine/threonine-protein kinase D1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of MAPK8/JNK1 and Ras signaling, Golgi membrane integrity and trafficking, cell survival through NF-kappa-B activation, cell migration, cell differentiation by mediating HDAC7 nuclear export, cell proliferation via MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, and plays a role in cardiac hypertrophy, VEGFA-induced angiogenesis, genotoxic-induced apoptosis and flagellin-stimulated inflammatory res [...] (918 aa)
Ppp2r5dSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit; The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit. (594 aa)
Ddx56Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX56; May play a role in later stages of the processing of the pre- ribosomal particles leading to mature 60S ribosomal subunits. Has intrinsic ATPase activity (By similarity); Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX56/DBP9 subfamily. (546 aa)
Hspb1Heat shock protein beta-1; Small heat shock protein which functions as a molecular chaperone probably maintaining denatured proteins in a folding- competent state. Plays a role in stress resistance and actin organization. Through its molecular chaperone activity may regulate numerous biological processes including the phosphorylation and the axonal transport of neurofilament proteins (By similarity). (209 aa)
Nlgn1Neuroligin-1; Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, and probably mediates its effects by recruiting and clustering other synaptic proteins. May promote the initial formation of synapses, but is not essential for this. In vitro, triggers the de novo formation of presynaptic structures. May be involved in specification of excitatory synapses. Required to maintain wakefulness quality and normal synchrony of cerebral cortex activity during wakefulness and [...] (843 aa)
Apbb1Amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1; Adapter protein that forms a transcriptionally active complex with the gamma-secretase-derived amyloid precursor protein (APP) intracellular domain. Plays a central role in the response to DNA damage by translocating to the nucleus and inducing apoptosis. May act by specifically recognizing and binding histone H2AX phosphorylated on 'Tyr-142' (H2AXY142ph) at double-strand breaks (DSBs), recruiting other pro-apoptosis factors such as MAPK8/JNK1. Required for histone H4 acetylation at double-strand breaks (DSBs). Its ability to [...] (710 aa)
Actr3Actin-related protein 3; ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promote [...] (418 aa)
Alkal1ALK and LTK ligand 1; Ligand for receptor tyrosine kinase LTK and perhaps receptor tyrosine kinase ALK; activation of ALK is reported conflictingly. Belongs to the ALKAL family. (127 aa)
Dynlt1bDynein light chain Tctex-type 1B. (113 aa)
Cpeb1Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translation initiation during oocyte maturation, early development and at postsynapse sites of neurons. Binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), an uridine-rich sequence element (consensus sequence 5'-UUUUUAU-3') within the 3'-UTR of mRNAs. In absence of phosphorylation and in association with TACC3 is also involved as a repressor of translation of CPE-containing mRNA; a repression that is relieved by phosphorylation or degradat [...] (562 aa)
Dynlt1fDynein light chain Tctex-type 1F. (113 aa)
Hap1Huntingtin-associated protein 1; Originally identified as neuronal protein that specifically associates with HTT/huntingtin and the binding is enhanced by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within HTT possibly affecting HAP1 interaction properties. Both HTT and HAP1 are involved in intracellular trafficking and HAP1 is proposed to link HTT to motor proteins and/or transport cargos. Seems to play a role in vesicular transport within neurons and axons such as from early endosomes to late endocytic compartments and to promote neurite outgrowth. The vesicular transport function via associati [...] (628 aa)
ApoeApolipoprotein E; APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apoliproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density [...] (311 aa)
Cntn1Contactin-1; Contactins mediate cell surface interactions during nervous system development. Involved in the formation of paranodal axo-glial junctions in myelinated peripheral nerves and in the signaling between axons and myelinating glial cells via its association with CNTNAP1. Participates in oligodendrocytes generation by acting as a ligand of NOTCH1. Its association with NOTCH1 promotes NOTCH1 activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Interaction with TNR induces a repulsion of neurons and an inhibition of neurit [...] (1020 aa)
Mark2Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase. Involved in cell polarity and microtubule dynamics regulation. Phosphorylates CRTC2/TORC2, DCX, HDAC7, KIF13B, MAP2, MAP4 and RAB11FIP2. Phosphorylates the microtubule-associated protein MAPT/TAU. Plays a key role in cell polarity by phosphorylating the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2, MAP4 and MAPT/TAU at KXGS motifs, causing detachment from microtubules, and their disassembly. Regulates epithelial cell polarity by phosphorylating RAB11FIP2. Involved in the regulation of neuronal migration through its dual ac [...] (776 aa)
Sphk1Sphingosine kinase 1; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-sphingosine and to a lesser extent sphinganine, but not other lipids, such as D,L-threo- dihydrosphingosine, N,N-dimethylsphingosine, diacylglycerol, ceramide, or phosphatidylinositol. In contrast to proapoptotic SPHK2, has a negative effect on intracellular ceramide levels, enhances cell growth and inhibits apoptosis. Involved in the regulation of inflammatory response and neuroinflammation. Via [...] (388 aa)
Trim67Tripartite motif-containing protein 67. (768 aa)
Iqgap1Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1; Plays a crucial role in regulating the dynamics and assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to activated CDC42 but does not stimulate its GTPase activity. It associates with calmodulin. Could serve as an assembly scaffold for the organization of a multimolecular complex that would interface incoming signals to the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton at the plasma membrane. May promote neurite outgrowth. May play a possible role in cell cycle regulation by contributing to cell cycle progression after DNA replication arrest. (1657 aa)
Dynlt1aDynein light chain Tctex-type 1A. (113 aa)
Ap2a1AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1; Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold [...] (977 aa)
VldlrVery low-density lipoprotein receptor; Binds VLDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. Binding to Reelin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Dab1 and modulation of Tau phosphorylation. (873 aa)
Nrxn1Neurexin-1; Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions, exocytosis of secretory granules and regulation of signal transmission. Function is isoform-specific. Alpha-type isoforms have a long N- terminus with six laminin G-like domains and play an important role in synaptic signal transmission. Alpha-type isoforms play a role in the regulation of calcium channel activity and Ca(2+)-triggered neurotransmitter release at synapses and at neuromuscular junctions. They play an important role in Ca(2+)-triggered exocytosis of secretory granules in pituitary gland. They may effect [...] (1507 aa)
Stau2Double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen homolog 2; RNA-binding protein required for the microtubule-dependent transport of neuronal RNA from the cell body to the dendrite. As protein synthesis occurs within the dendrite, the localization of specific mRNAs to dendrites may be a prerequisite for neurite outgrowth and plasticity at sites distant from the cell body (By similarity). (570 aa)
Gpc2Secreted glypican-2; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. May fulfill a function related to the motile behaviors of developing neurons (By similarity); Belongs to the glypican family. (579 aa)
RelnReelin; Extracellular matrix serine protease that plays a role in layering of neurons in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Regulates microtubule function in neurons and neuronal migration. Affects migration of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord, where it seems to act as a barrier to neuronal migration. Enzymatic activity is important for the modulation of cell adhesion. Binding to the extracellular domains of lipoprotein receptors VLDLR and LRP8/APOER2 induces tyrosine phosphorylation of DAB1 and modulation of TAU phosphorylation; Belongs to the reelin family. (3461 aa)
AfdnAfadin; Belongs to an adhesion system, probably together with the E- cadherin-catenin system, which plays a role in the organization of homotypic, interneuronal and heterotypic cell-cell adherens junctions (AJs) (By similarity). Nectin- and actin-filament-binding protein that connects nectin to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). May play a key role in the organization of epithelial structures of the embryonic ectoderm. Essential for the organization of adherens junctions (By similarity). (1820 aa)
Sf3a2Splicing factor 3A subunit 2; Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the splicing factor SF3A complex that contributes to the assembly of the 17S U2 snRNP, and the subsequent assembly of the pre-spliceosome 'E' complex and the pre-catalytic spliceosome 'A' complex. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of pre-catalytic spliceosome 'B' complexes, including the Bact complex. Interacts directly with the duplex formed by U2 snRNA and the intron; Belongs to the SF3A2 family. (485 aa)
Nme1Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Possesses nucleoside-diphosphate kinase, serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, geranyl and farnesyl pyrophosphate kinase, histidine protein kinase and 3'-5' exonuclease activities. Involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis, and gene expression. Required for n [...] (152 aa)
VegfaVascular endothelial growth factor A; Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. May play a role in increasing vascular permeability during lactation, when increased transport of molecules from the blood is required for efficient milk protein synthesis (By similarity). Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor [...] (392 aa)
Rgs2Regulator of G-protein signaling 2; Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP- bound form (By similarity). It is involved in the negative regulation of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure in response to signaling via G protein-coupled receptors and GNAQ. Plays a role in regulating the constriction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. Binds EIF2B5 and blocks i [...] (211 aa)
Rit2GTP-binding protein Rit2; Binds and exchanges GTP and GDP. Binds and modulates the activation of POU4F1 as gene expression regulator. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family. (217 aa)
Rapgef2Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2; Functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates Rap and Ras family of small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP in a cAMP-dependent manner. Serves as a link between cell surface receptors and Rap/Ras GTPases in intracellular signaling cascades. Acts also as an effector for Rap1 by direct association with Rap1-GTP thereby leading to the amplification of Rap1-mediated signaling. Shows weak activity on HRAS. It is controversial whether RAPGEF2 binds cAMP and cGMP or not. Its binding to ligand-activated beta-1 adre [...] (1494 aa)
Itga3Integrin alpha-3 heavy chain; Integrin alpha-3/beta-1 is a receptor for fibronectin, laminin, collagen, epiligrin, thrombospondin and CSPG4. Integrin alpha- 3/beta-1 provides a docking site for FAP (seprase) at invadopodia plasma membranes in a collagen-dependent manner and hence may participate in the adhesion, formation of invadopodia and matrix degradation processes, promoting cell invasion. Alpha-3/beta-1 may mediate with LGALS3 the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. (1068 aa)
Dpysl3Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 3; Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance, neuronal growth cone collapse and cell migration (By similarity); Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Hydantoinase/dihydropyrimidinase family. (683 aa)
S100a9Protein S100-A9; S100A9 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion, can increase the bactericidal activity of neutrophils by promoting phagocytosis via activation of SYK, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 and can induce degranulation of neutrophils by a MAPK-dependent mechanism. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid [...] (113 aa)
Sirt1NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase that links transcriptional regulation directly to intracellular energetics and participates in the coordination of several separated cellular functions such as cell cycle, response to DNA damage, metabolism, apoptosis and autophagy. Can modulate chromatin function through deacetylation of histones and can promote alterations in the methylation of histones and DNA, leading to transcriptional repression (By similarity). Deacetylates a broad range of transcription factors and coregulators, thereby regulating ta [...] (737 aa)
Disc1Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 homolog; Involved in the regulation of multiple aspects of embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Required for neural progenitor proliferation in the ventrical/subventrical zone during embryonic brain development and in the adult dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Participates in the Wnt- mediated neural progenitor proliferation as a positive regulator by modulating GSK3B activity and CTNNB1 abundance. Plays a role as a modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, includ [...] (852 aa)
Nck1Cytoplasmic protein NCK1; Adapter protein which associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors, such as KDR and PDGFRB, or their cellular substrates. Maintains low levels of EIF2S1 phosphorylation by promoting its dephosphorylation by PP1. Plays a role in the DNA damage response, not in the detection of the damage by ATM/ATR, but for efficient activation of downstream effectors, such as that of CHEK2. Plays a role in ELK1-dependent transcriptional activation in response to activated Ras signaling. Modulates the activation of EIF2AK2/PKR by dsRNA (By similarity). (377 aa)
HnrnpkHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K; One of the major pre-mRNA-binding proteins. Binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. Likely to play a role in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. Can also bind poly(C) single-stranded DNA. Plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. When sumoylated, acts as a transcriptional coactivator of p53/TP53, playing a role in p21/CDKN1A and 14-3-3 sigma/SFN induction (By similarity). As far as transcription [...] (464 aa)
Ube2v2Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 2; Has no ubiquitin ligase activity on its own. The UBE2V2/UBE2N heterodimer catalyzes the synthesis of non-canonical poly-ubiquitin chains that are linked through 'Lys-63'. This type of poly- ubiquitination does not lead to protein degradation by the proteasome. Mediates transcriptional activation of target genes. Plays a role in the control of progress through the cell cycle and differentiation. Plays a role in the error-free DNA repair pathway and contributes to the survival of cells after DNA damage. (145 aa)
Ranbp1Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein; Plays a role in RAN-dependent nucleocytoplasmic transport. Alleviates the TNPO1-dependent inhibition of RAN GTPase activity and mediates the dissociation of RAN from proteins involved in transport into the nucleus. Induces a conformation change in the complex formed by XPO1 and RAN that triggers the release of the nuclear export signal of cargo proteins (By similarity). Promotes the disassembly of the complex formed by RAN and importin beta. Promotes dissociation of RAN from a complex with KPNA2 and CSE1L. Required for normal mitotic spindle asse [...] (203 aa)
MetHepatocyte growth factor receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to hepatocyte growth factor/HGF ligand. Regulates many physiological processes including proliferation, scattering, morphogenesis and survival. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces autophosphorylation of MET on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with the PI3-kinase subunit PIK3R1, PLCG1, SRC, GRB2, STAT3 or the adapter GAB1. Recruitment of thes [...] (1379 aa)
CaskPeripheral plasma membrane protein CASK; Multidomain scaffolding protein with a role in synaptic transmembrane protein anchoring and ion channel trafficking. Contributes to neural development and regulation of gene expression via interaction with the transcription factor TBR1. Binds to cell-surface proteins, including amyloid precursor protein, neurexins, and syndecans. May mediate a link between the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton via its interaction with syndecan and with the actin/spectrin-binding protein 4.1; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the protein kinase [...] (920 aa)
KalrnKalirin; Promotes the exchange of GDP by GTP. Activates specific Rho GTPase family members, thereby inducing various signaling mechanisms that regulate neuronal shape, growth, and plasticity, through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton. Induces lamellipodia independent of its GEF activity (By similarity); Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (1654 aa)
DccNetrin receptor DCC; Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance. Mediates axon attraction of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Its association with UNC5 proteins may trigger signaling for axon repulsion. It also acts as a dependence receptor required for apoptosis induction when not associated with netrin ligand. Implicated as a tumor suppressor gene. (1447 aa)
CflarCASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator subunit p12; Apoptosis regulator protein which may function as a crucial link between cell survival and cell death pathways in mammalian cells. Acts as an inhibitor of TNFRSF6 mediated apoptosis. A proteolytic fragment (p43) is likely retained in the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) thereby blocking further recruitment and processing of caspase-8 at the complex. Full length and shorter isoforms have been shown either to induce apoptosis or to reduce TNFRSF-triggered apoptosis. Lacks enzymatic (caspase) activity (By similarity). Belongs to [...] (481 aa)
FlnaFilamin-A; Actin binding protein that promotes orthogonal branching of actin filaments and links actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. Anchors various transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton and serves as a scaffold for a wide range of cytoplasmic signaling proteins (By similarity). Interaction with FLNB may allow neuroblast migration from the ventricular zone into the cortical plate. Tethers cell surface-localized furin, modulates its rate of internalization and directs its intracellular trafficking. Involved in ciliogenesis. Plays a role in cell-cell contacts and adhere [...] (2639 aa)
DmdDystrophin; Anchors the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton via F- actin. Ligand for dystroglycan. Component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex which accumulates at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and at a variety of synapses in the peripheral and central nervous systems and has a structural function in stabilizing the sarcolemma. Also implicated in signaling events and synaptic transmission. (3678 aa)
CntfCiliary neurotrophic factor; CNTF is a survival factor for various neuronal cell types. Seems to prevent the degeneration of motor axons after axotomy. (198 aa)
Pak3Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 3; Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstrea [...] (559 aa)
Itga6Integrin alpha-6 heavy chain; Integrin alpha-6/beta-1 (ITGA6:ITGB1) is a receptor for laminin on platelets. Integrin alpha-6/beta-1 (ITGA6:ITGB1) is present in oocytes and is involved in sperm-egg fusion. Integrin alpha-6/beta-4 (ITGA6:ITGB4) is a receptor for laminin in epithelial cells and it plays a critical structural role in the hemidesmosome. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling (By similarity). ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling (By similarity). ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF2 and this [...] (1091 aa)
Cux2Homeobox protein cut-like 2; Transcription factor involved in the control of neuronal proliferation and differentiation in the brain. Regulates dendrite development and branching, dendritic spine formation, and synaptogenesis in cortical layers II-III. Binds to DNA in a sequence-specific manner. Belongs to the CUT homeobox family. (1426 aa)
Caprin2Caprin-2; Promotes phosphorylation of the Wnt coreceptor LRP6, leading to increased activity of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity). Facilitates constitutive LRP6 phosphorylation by CDK14/CCNY during G2/M stage of the cell cycle, which may potentiate cells for Wnt signaling (By similarity). May regulate the transport and translation of mRNAs, modulating for instance the expression of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity in neurons. Involved in regulation of growth as erythroblasts shift from a highly proliferative state towards their terminal phase of differentiatio [...] (1031 aa)
Clip1CAP-Gly domain-containing linker protein 1; Binds to the plus end of microtubules and regulates the dynamics of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Promotes microtubule growth and microtubule bundling. Links cytoplasmic vesicles to microtubules and thereby plays an important role in intracellular vesicle trafficking. Plays a role macropinocytosis and endosome trafficking. (1391 aa)
EpoErythropoietin; Hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte proliferation and differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass. Binds to EPOR leading to EPOR dimerization and JAK2 activation thereby activating specific downstream effectors, including STAT1 and STAT3. (192 aa)
Bcl11aB-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A; May play a role in hematopoiesis. Essential factor in lymphopoiesis, required for B-cell formation in fetal liver. May function as a modulator of the transcriptional repression activity of ARP1. (835 aa)
Plxnb2Plexin-B2; Cell surface receptor for SEMA4C, SEMA4D and SEMA4G that plays an important role in cell-cell signaling. Plays a role in glutamatergic synapse development and is required for SEMA4A- mediated excitatory synapse development. Binding to class 4 semaphorins promotes downstream activation of RHOA and phosphorylation of ERBB2 at 'Tyr-1248'. Required for normal differentiation and migration of neuronal cells during brain corticogenesis and for normal embryonic brain development. Regulates the migration of cerebellar granule cells in the developing brain. Plays a role in RHOA activ [...] (1842 aa)
Acsl6Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 6; Catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoA for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation (By similarity). Plays an important role in fatty acid metabolism in brain and the acyl-CoAs produced may be utilized exclusively for the synthesis of the brain lipid (By similarity). (722 aa)
PrkciProtein kinase C iota type; Calcium- and diacylglycerol-independent serine/ threonine- protein kinase that plays a general protective role against apoptotic stimuli, is involved in NF-kappa-B activation, cell survival, differentiation and polarity, and contributes to the regulation of microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway. Is necessary for BCR-ABL oncogene-mediated resistance to apoptotic drug in leukemia cells, protecting leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. In cultured neurons, prevents amyloid beta protein-induced apoptosis by interrupting cell death process [...] (595 aa)
NgfBeta-nerve growth factor; Nerve growth factor is important for the development and maintenance of the sympathetic and sensory nervous systems. Extracellular ligand for the NTRK1 and NGFR receptors, activates cellular signaling cascades to regulate neuronal proliferation, differentiation and survival. The immature NGF precursor (proNGF) functions as ligand for the heterodimeric receptor formed by SORCS2 and NGFR, and activates cellular signaling cascades that lead to inactivation of RAC1 and/or RAC2, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and neuronal growth cone collapse. In contrast [...] (307 aa)
Lrp8Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8; Cell surface receptor for Reelin (RELN) and apolipoprotein E (apoE)-containing ligands. LRP8 participates in transmitting the extracellular Reelin signal to intracellular signaling processes, by binding to DAB1 on its cytoplasmic tail. Reelin acts via both the VLDL receptor (VLDLR) and LRP8 to regulate DAB1 tyrosine phosphorylation and microtubule function in neurons. LRP8 has higher affinity for Reelin than VLDLR. LRP8 is thus a key component of the Reelin pathway which governs neuronal layering of the forebrain during embryonic brai [...] (870 aa)
Amigo1Amphoterin-induced protein 1; Promotes growth and fasciculation of neurites from cultured hippocampal neurons. May be involved in fasciculation as well as myelination of developing neural axons. May have a role in regeneration as well as neural plasticity in the adult nervous system. May mediate homophilic as well as heterophilic cell-cell interaction and contribute to signal transduction through its intracellular domain (By similarity). Assembled with KCNB1 modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1. (492 aa)
Elavl4ELAV-like protein 4; RNA-binding protein that is involved in the post- transcriptional regulation of mRNAs. Plays a role in the regulation of mRNA stability, alternative splicing and translation. Binds to AU-rich element (ARE) sequences in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target mRNAs, including GAP43, VEGF, FOS, CDKN1A and ACHE mRNA (By similarity). Many of the target mRNAs are coding for RNA-binding proteins, transcription factors and proteins involved in RNA processing and/or neuronal development and function. By binding to the mRNA 3'UTR, decreases mRNA deadenylation and there [...] (385 aa)
Plppr5Phospholipid phosphatase-related protein type 5; Induces filopodia formation and promotes neurite growth in a CDC42-independent manner; impedes neurite growth inhibitory-mediated axonal retraction. (321 aa)
Kdm1aLysine-specific histone demethylase 1A; Histone demethylase that can demethylate both 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) of histone H3, thereby acting as a coactivator or a corepressor, depending on the context. Acts by oxidizing the substrate by FAD to generate the corresponding imine that is subsequently hydrolyzed. Acts as a corepressor by mediating demethylation of H3K4me, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Demethylates both mono- (H3K4me1) and di-methylated (H3K4me2) H3K4me. May play a role in the repression of neuronal genes. Alone, it is unable to demet [...] (873 aa)
Ahi1Jouberin; Involved in vesicle trafficking and required for ciliogenesis, formation of primary non-motile cilium, and recruitment of RAB8A to the basal body of primary cilium. Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Involved in neuronal differentiation. As a positive modulator of classical Wnt signaling, may play a crucial role in ciliary signaling during cerebellum embryonic development. (1047 aa)
Nfe2l2Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; Transcription factor that plays a key role in the response to oxidative stress: binds to antioxidant response (ARE) elements present in the promoter region of many cytoprotective genes, such as phase 2 detoxifying enzymes, and promotes their expression, thereby neutralizing reactive electrophiles. In normal conditions, ubiquitinated and degraded in the cytoplasm by the BCR(KEAP1) complex. In response to oxidative stress, electrophile metabolites inhibit activity of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting nuclear accumulation of NFE2L2/NRF2, hetero [...] (597 aa)
P3h1Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1; Basement membrane-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). Has prolyl 3-hydroxylase activity catalyzing the post- translational formation of 3-hydroxyproline in -Xaa-Pro-Gly- sequences in collagens, especially types IV and V. May be involved in the secretory pathway of cells. Has growth suppressive activity in fibroblasts (By similarity). (748 aa)
MtorSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis (By similarity). This includes phosph [...] (2549 aa)
Adam17Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17; Cleaves the membrane-bound precursor of TNF-alpha to its mature soluble form. Responsible for the proteolytical release of soluble JAM3 from endothelial cells surface. Plays a role in the proteolytic processing of ACE2 (By similarity). Responsible for the proteolytic release of several other cell-surface proteins, including p75 TNF-receptor, interleukin 1 receptor type II, p55 TNF-receptor, transforming growth factor-alpha, L-selectin, growth hormone receptor, MUC1 and the amyloid precursor protein. Acts as an activator of [...] (846 aa)
PtnPleiotrophin; Secreted growth factor that mediates its signal through cell- surface proteoglycan and non-proteoglycan receptors (By similarity). Binds cell-surface proteoglycan receptor via their chondroitin sulfate (CS) groups (By similarity). Thereby regulates many processes like cell proliferation, cell survival, cell growth, cell differentiation and cell migration in several tissues namely neuron and bone. Also plays a role in synaptic plasticity and learning-related behavior by inhibiting long-term synaptic potentiation. Binds PTPRZ1, leading to neutralization of the negative char [...] (168 aa)
Xlr3bX-linked lymphocyte-regulated protein 3B; Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family. (226 aa)
MaptMicrotubule-associated protein. (430 aa)
FynTyrosine-protein kinase Fyn; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many biological processes including regulation of cell growth and survival, cell adhesion, integrin-mediated signaling, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, immune response and axon guidance. Inactive FYN is phosphorylated on its C-terminal tail within the catalytic domain. Following activation by PKA, the protein subsequently associates with PTK2/FAK1, allowing PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation, activation and targeting to focal adhesions. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through [...] (537 aa)
Scn1bSodium channel subunit beta-1; Regulatory subunit of multiple voltage-gated sodium channel complexes that play important roles in excitable membranes in brain, heart and skeletal muscle. Enhances the presence of the pore-forming alpha subunit at the cell surface and modulates channel gating characteristics and the rate of channel inactivation. Modulates the activity of a variety of pore-forming alpha subunits, such as SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN4A, SCN5A and SCN10A; Belongs to the sodium channel auxiliary subunit SCN1B (TC 8.A.17) family. (218 aa)
Tsc2Tuberin; In complex with TSC1, this tumor suppressor inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling (By similarity). Acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase RHEB, a direct activator of the protein kinase activity of mTORC1 (By similarity). May also play a role in microtubule-mediated protein transport. Also stimulates the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Ras-related proteins RAP1A and RAB5 (By similarity). (1742 aa)
Rapgef1Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1. (1224 aa)
RgmaRepulsive guidance molecule A; Member of the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family that performs several functions in the developing and adult nervous system. Regulates cephalic neural tube closure, inhibits neurite outgrowth and cortical neuron branching, and the formation of mature synapses. Binding to its receptor NEO1/neogenin induces activation of RHOA- ROCK1/Rho-kinase signaling pathway through UNC5B-ARHGEF12/LARG- PTK2/FAK1 cascade, leading to collapse of the neuronal growth cone and neurite outgrowth inhibition. Furthermore, RGMA binding to NEO1/neogenin leads to HRAS inacti [...] (454 aa)
Dynlt1cDynein light chain Tctex-type 1; Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia (By similarity). May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein. Plays an important role in [...] (113 aa)
MarcksMyristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate; MARCKS is the most prominent cellular substrate for protein kinase C. This protein binds calmodulin, actin, and synapsin. MARCKS is a filamentous (F) actin cross-linking protein. (309 aa)
ArsbArylsulfatase B; Removes sulfate groups from chondroitin-4-sulfate (C4S) and regulates its degradation (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, cell migration and invasion in colonic epithelium (By similarity). In the central nervous system, is a regulator of neurite outgrowth and neuronal plasticity, acting through the control of sulfate glycosaminoglycans and neurocan levels (By similarity). Belongs to the sulfatase family. (534 aa)
Mfn1Mitofusin-1; Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion. Membrane clustering requires GTPase activity (By similarity). It may involve a major rearrangement of the coiled coil domains. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, and their morphology is determined by the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission events. Overexpression induces the formation of mitochondrial networks (in vitro). Has low GTPase activity (By similarity). Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. Mitofusin subfamily. (741 aa)
Dab2ipDisabled homolog 2-interacting protein; Functions as a scaffold protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Involved in several processes such as innate immune response, inflammation and cell growth inhibition, apoptosis, cell survival, angiogenesis, cell migration and maturation. Plays also a role in cell cycle checkpoint control; reduces G1 phase cyclin levels resulting in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Mediates signal transduction by receptor- mediated inflammatory signals, such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon [...] (1189 aa)
Rap1aRas-related protein Rap-1A; Induces morphological reversion of a cell line transformed by a Ras oncogene. Counteracts the mitogenic function of Ras, at least partly because it can interact with Ras GAPs and RAF in a competitive manner. Together with ITGB1BP1, regulates KRIT1 localization to microtubules and membranes (By similarity). Plays a role in nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in the regulation of embryonic blood vessel formation. Involved in the establishment of basal endothelial barrier function. May be involved in the regulation of the vascular [...] (184 aa)
Ptprz1Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta; Protein tyrosine phosphatase that negatively regulates oligodendrocyte precursor proliferation in the embryonic spinal cord. Required for normal differentiation of the precursor cells into mature, fully myelinating oligodendrocytes. May play a role in protecting oligondendrocytes against apoptosis. May play a role in the establishment of contextual memory, probably via the dephosphorylation of proteins that are part of important signaling cascades. Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 5 subfamily. (2312 aa)
Camk2bCalcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta; Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca(2+)/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in dendritic spine and synapse formation, neuronal plasticity and regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) transport in skeletal muscle. In neurons, plays an essential structural role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton during plasticity by binding and bundling actin filaments in a kinase-independent manner. This structural function is required for correct targeti [...] (545 aa)
Itgb1Integrin beta-1; Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G- E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha- 4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha- 11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha- 4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin [...] (798 aa)
Magi2Membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 2; Seems to act as scaffold molecule at synaptic junctions by assembling neurotransmitter receptors and cell adhesion proteins. Plays a role in nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced recruitment of RAPGEF2 to late endosomes and neurite outgrowth. May play a role in regulating activin-mediated signaling in neuronal cells. Enhances the ability of PTEN to suppress AKT1 activation (By similarity); Belongs to the MAGUK family. (1275 aa)
AdnpActivity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox protein; Potential transcription factor. May mediate some of the neuroprotective peptide VIP-associated effects involving normal growth and cancer proliferation. (1108 aa)
AlkALK tyrosine kinase receptor; Neuronal receptor tyrosine kinase that is essentially and transiently expressed in specific regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems and plays an important role in the genesis and differentiation of the nervous system. Transduces signals from ligands at the cell surface, through specific activation of the mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Phosphorylates almost exclusively at the first tyrosine of the Y-x-x-x-Y-Y motif. Following activation by ligand, ALK induces tyrosine phosphorylation of CBL, FRS2, IRS1 and SHC1, as well as o [...] (1621 aa)
NptnNeuroplastin. (281 aa)
Fut94-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 3-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase 9; Catalyzes the transfer of L-fucose, from a guanosine diphosphate-beta-L-fucose, to the N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) of a distal lactosamine unit of a glycoprotein or a glycolipid-linked polylactosamine chains through an alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkage and participates in particular to the Lewis x (Lex)/CD15 epitope biosynthesis in neurons which allows cell differentiation, cell adhesion, and initiation of neurite outgrowth. Also fucosylates di-, tri- and tetraantennary N-glycans linked to glycoproteins and the inner lacto [...] (359 aa)
Mob2MOB kinase activator 2; Stimulates the autophosphorylation and kinase activity of STK38 and STK38L. (235 aa)
Fgfr1Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Required for normal mesoderm patterning and correct axial organization during embryonic development, normal skeletogenesis and normal development of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal system. Phosphorylates PLCG1, FRS2, GAB1 and SHB. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 lea [...] (822 aa)
Ezh2Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Able to mono-, di- and trimethylate 'Lys-27' of histone H3 to form H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively. Displays a preference for substrates with less methylation, loses activity when progressively more methyl groups are incorporated into H3K27, H3K27me0 > H3K27me1 > H3K27me2. Compared to EZH1-containing complexes, it is more abun [...] (746 aa)
FesTyrosine-protein kinase Fes/Fps; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts downstream of cell surface receptors and plays a role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, microtubule assembly, cell attachment and cell spreading. Plays a role in FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells. Acts down-stream of the activated FCER1 receptor and the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KIT. Plays a role in the regulation of mast cell degranulation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell differentiation and promotes neurite outgrowth in response to NGF [...] (822 aa)
Atp8a2Phospholipid-transporting ATPase IB; Catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. Phospholipid translocation seems also to be implicated in vesicle formation and in uptake of lipid signaling molecules. Reconstituted to liposomes, the ATP8A2:TMEM30A flippase complex predomiminantly transports phosphatidylserine (PS) and to a lesser extent phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). [...] (1148 aa)
Ntrk2BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and the maturation of the central and the peripheral nervous systems through regulation of neuron survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and synapse formation and plasticity. Receptor for BDNF/brain-derived neurotrophic factor and NTF4/neurotrophin-4. Alternatively can also bind NTF3/neurotrophin-3 which is less efficient in activating the receptor but regulates neuron survival through NTRK2. Upon ligand-binding, undergoes homodimerization, autophosphorylation and activation. Recruits, [...] (821 aa)
Stk24Serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 12 kDa subunit; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts on both serine and threonine residues and promotes apoptosis in response to stress stimuli and caspase activation. Mediates oxidative-stress-induced cell death by modulating phosphorylation of JNK1-JNK2 (MAPK8 and MAPK9), p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14) during oxidative stress. Plays a role in a staurosporine-induced caspase-independent apoptotic pathway by regulating the nuclear translocation of AIFM1 and ENDOG and the DNase activity associated with ENDOG. Phosphorylates STK38L on 'Thr [...] (431 aa)
Crtc1CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1; Transcriptional coactivator for CREB1 which activates transcription through both consensus and variant cAMP response element (CRE) sites. Acts as a coactivator, in the SIK/TORC signaling pathway, being active when dephosphorylated. Acts independently of CREB1 'Ser-133' phosphorylation. Enhances the interaction of CREB1 with TAF4. Regulates the expression of specific CREB-activated genes such as the steroidogenic gene, StAR. Potent coactivator of PGC1alpha and inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle cells (By similarity). In the hippocam [...] (630 aa)
Arhgap35Rho GTPase-activating protein 35; Rho GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Binds several acidic phospholipids which inhibits the Rho GAP activity to promote the Rac GAP activity. This binding is inhibited by phosphorylation by PRKCA (By similarity). Involved in cell differentiation as well as cell adhesion and migration, plays an important role in retinal tissue morphogenesis, neural tube fusion, midline fusion of the cerebral hemispheres and mammary gland branching morphogenesis. Transduces signals from p21-ras to the nucleus, acting via the ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Transduces [...] (1499 aa)
Tubb2bTubulin beta-2B chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Plays a critical role in proper axon guidance in both central and peripheral axon tracts. Implicated in neuronal migration. (445 aa)
Abl1Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many key processes linked to cell growth and survival such as cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, cell motility and adhesion, receptor endocytosis, autophagy, DNA damage response and apoptosis. Coordinates actin remodeling through tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics like WASF3 (involved in branch formation); ANXA1 (involved in membrane anchoring); DBN1, DBNL, CTTN, RAPH1 and ENAH (involved in signaling); or MAPT and PXN (microtubule-bindin [...] (1142 aa)
Bmp4Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction. (408 aa)
Negr1Neuronal growth regulator 1; May be involved in cell-adhesion. May function as a trans- neural growth-promoting factor in regenerative axon sprouting in the mammalian brain. (348 aa)
Nrg1Neuregulin-1 type III beta1-a. (700 aa)
Ndrg4Protein NDRG4; Contributes to the maintenance of intracerebral BDNF levels within the normal range, which is necessary for the preservation of spatial learning and the resistance to neuronal cell death caused by ischemic stress. May enhance growth factor-induced ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation. May attenuate NGF-promoted ELK1 phosphorylation in a microtubule-dependent manner. (352 aa)
Nf1Neurofibromin; Stimulates the GTPase activity of Ras. NF1 shows greater affinity for Ras GAP, but lower specific activity. May be a regulator of Ras activity. (2841 aa)
Alkal2ALK and LTK ligand 2; Ligand for receptor tyrosine kinases LTK and ALK. Stimulation of ALK signaling may be involved in regulation of cell proliferation and transformation; Belongs to the FAM150 family. (151 aa)
Pla2g3Phospholipase A2, group III. (504 aa)
Bhlhb9Protein BHLHb9; May play a role in the control of cellular aging and survival; Belongs to the GPRASP family. (539 aa)
LifLeukemia inhibitory factor; LIF has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. Its activities include the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, the induction of neuronal cell differentiation, and the stimulation of acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes; Belongs to the LIF/OSM family. (203 aa)
Adcyap1Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27; Binding to its receptor activates G proteins and stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells (By similarity). Promotes neuron projection development through the RAPGEF2/Rap1/B-Raf/ERK pathway (By similarity). In chromaffin cells, induces long-lasting increase of intracellular calcium concentrations and neuroendocrine secretion (By similarity). Involved in the control of glucose homeostasis, induces insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. (175 aa)
Ep300Histone acetyltransferase p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling (By similarity). Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes (By similarity). Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-122' (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability (By [...] (2412 aa)
Epha3Ephrin type-A receptor 3; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane- bound ephrin family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Highly promiscuous for ephrin-A ligands it binds preferentially EFNA5. Upon activation by EFNA5 regulates cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization and cell migration. Plays a role in ca [...] (984 aa)
AgtAngiotensin 1-4; Essential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. [Angiotensin-3]: stimulates aldosterone release. Belongs to the serpin family. (482 aa)
Xlr4bX-linked lymphocyte regulated gene 4. (215 aa)
Wnt5aProtein Wnt-5a; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Can activate or inhibit canonical Wnt signaling, depending on receptor context. In the presence of FZD4, activates beta-catenin signaling. In the presence of ROR2, inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting beta-catenin degradation through a GSK3-independent pathway which involves down-regulation of beta-catenin-induced reporter gene expression. Suppression of the canonical pathway allows chondrogenesis to occur and inhibits tumor formation. Stimulates cell migration. Decreases proliferatio [...] (380 aa)
Kidins220Kinase D-interacting substrate 220. (1793 aa)
Pcp4Calmodulin regulator protein PCP4; Functions as a modulator of calcium-binding by calmodulin. Thereby, regulates calmodulin activity and the different processes it controls. For instance, may play a role in neuronal differentiation through activation of calmodulin-dependent kinase signaling pathways. (62 aa)
Fzd1Frizzled-1; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Activated by WNT7B. Activated by WNT3A, WNT3, WNT1 and to a lesser extent WNT2, but apparently not by WNT4, WNT5A, WNT5B, WNT6, WNT7A or WNT7B (By similarity). Contradictory results showing activation by WNT7B have been described for mouse. Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calciu [...] (642 aa)
Ephb2Ephrin type-B receptor 2; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Functions in axon guidance during development. Involved in the guidance of commissural axons, that form a major interhemispheric connection between the 2 temporal lobes of the cerebral corte [...] (987 aa)
BdnfBrain-derived neurotrophic factor; Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2. During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentia [...] (257 aa)
Cd24aSignal transducer CD24; May have a pivotal role in cell differentiation of different cell types. May have a specific role in early thymocyte development. Signaling could be triggered by the binding of a lectin-like ligand to the CD24 carbohydrates, and transduced by the release of second messengers derived from the GPI-anchor. Modulates B-cell activation responses (By similarity). In association with SIGLEC10 may be involved in the selective suppression of the immune response to danger- associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as HMGB1, HSP70 and HSP90. Plays a role in the control of [...] (76 aa)
Cnr1Cannabinoid receptor 1; G-protein coupled receptor for cannabinoids, including endocannabinoids (eCBs), such as N-arachidonoylethanolamide (also called anandamide or AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Mediates many cannabinoid-induced effects, acting, among others, on food intake, memory loss, gastrointestinal motility, catalepsy, ambulatory activity, anxiety, chronic pain. Signaling typically involves reduction in cyclic AMP. Signaling typically involves reduction in cyclic AMP (By similarity). In the hypothalamus, may have a dual effect on mitochondrial respiration depending upo [...] (473 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Mus musculus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10090
Other names: LK3 transgenic mice, M. musculus, Mus sp. 129SV, house mouse, mouse, nude mice, transgenic mice
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