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Tuba8 | Tubulin alpha-8 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain; Belongs to the tubulin family. (449 aa) | ||||
Tbxas1 | Thromboxane-A synthase; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (533 aa) | ||||
Car11 | Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11; Does not have a catalytic activity; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (328 aa) | ||||
Eno2 | Gamma-enolase; Has neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties on a broad spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Binds, in a calcium- dependent manner, to cultured neocortical neurons and promotes cell survival (By similarity); Belongs to the enolase family. (434 aa) | ||||
Apip | Methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P) into 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P). Functions in the methionine salvage pathway, which plays a key role in cancer, apoptosis, microbial proliferation and inflammation. May inhibit the CASP1-related inflammatory response (pyroptosis), the CASP9-dependent apoptotic pathway and the cytochrome c-dependent and APAF1-mediated cell death; Belongs to the aldolase class II family. MtnB subfamily. (241 aa) | ||||
Ptgis | Prostacyclin synthase; Catalyzes the isomerization of prostaglandin H2 to prostacyclin (= prostaglandin I2); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (501 aa) | ||||
L3hypdh | Trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of trans-3-hydroxy-L-proline to delta-1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate (Pyr2C). (354 aa) | ||||
Echdc1 | Ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase; Decarboxylates ethylmalonyl-CoA, a potentially toxic metabolite, to form butyryl-CoA, suggesting it might be involved in metabolite proofreading. Also has methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity at lower level; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (322 aa) | ||||
Pcbd1 | Pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase; Involved in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. Seems to both prevent the formation of 7-pterins and accelerate the formation of quinonoid-BH2. Coactivator for HNF1A-dependent transcription. Regulates the dimerization of homeodomain protein HNF1A and enhances its transcriptional activity (By similarity); Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family. (104 aa) | ||||
Aloxe3 | Hydroperoxide isomerase ALOXE3; Non-heme iron-containing lipoxygenase which is atypical in that it displays a prominent hydroperoxide isomerase activity and a reduced dioxygenase activity compared to other lipoxygenases. The hydroperoxide isomerase activity catalyzes the isomerization of hydroperoxides, derived from arachidonic and linoleic acid by ALOX12B, into hepoxilin-type epoxyalcohols. The dioxygenase activity requires a step of activation of the enzyme by molecular oxygen. In presence of oxygen, oxygenates polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid, to produce fatty [...] (711 aa) | ||||
Auh | Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA to 3- hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (By similarity). Also has itaconyl-CoA hydratase activity by converting itaconyl-CoA into citramalyl-CoA in the C5-dicarboxylate catabolism pathway (By similarity). The C5- dicarboxylate catabolism pathway is required to detoxify itaconate, a vitamin B12-poisoning metabolite (By similarity). Has very low enoyl- CoA hydratase activity. Was originally identified as RNA-binding protein that binds in vitro to clustered 5'-AUUUA-3' motifs ; Belongs to the enoy [...] (314 aa) | ||||
Pcbd2 | Pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase 2; Involved in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. Seems to both prevent the formation of 7-pterins and accelerate the formation of quinonoid-BH2 (By similarity); Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family. (136 aa) | ||||
Tgds | dTDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratase; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. dTDP-glucose dehydratase subfamily. (355 aa) | ||||
Aco2 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis- aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. (780 aa) | ||||
Ehhadh | Enoyl-CoA hydratase/3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (718 aa) | ||||
Cyp1b1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (By similarity). Exhibits catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2- and 4-hydroxy E2. Metabolizes testosterone and progesterone [...] (543 aa) | ||||
Hsd17b4 | Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2; Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway for fatty acids. Catalyzes the formation of 3-ketoacyl-CoA intermediates from both straight-chain and 2-methyl-branched-chain fatty acids (By similarity). (735 aa) | ||||
Echs1 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial; Straight-chain enoyl-CoA thioesters from C4 up to at least C16 are processed, although with decreasing catalytic rate (By similarity). Has high substrate specificity for crotonyl-CoA and moderate specificity for acryloyl-CoA, 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA and methacrylyl-CoA. It is noteworthy that binds tiglyl-CoA, but hydrates only a small amount of this substrate (By similarity). (290 aa) | ||||
Fh1 | Fumarate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the reversible stereospecific interconversion of fumarate to L-malate. Experiments in different species have demonstrated that specific isoforms of this protein act in defined pathways and favor one direction over the other (Probable). [Isoform Cytoplasmic]: Catalyzes the dehydration of L-malate to fumarate. Fumarate metabolism in the cytosol plays a role during urea cycle and arginine metabolism; fumarate being a by- product of the urea cycle and amino-acid catabolism. Also plays a role in DNA repair by promoting non-homologous end-joining [...] (507 aa) | ||||
Fahd2a | Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase domain-containing protein 2A; May have hydrolase activity. (313 aa) | ||||
Car13 | Carbonic anhydrase 13; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. (262 aa) | ||||
Car3 | Carbonic anhydrase 3; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. (260 aa) | ||||
Car2 | Carbonic anhydrase 2; Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation. Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton- coupled peptide absorption. Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (260 aa) | ||||
Car9 | Carbonic anhydrase 9; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Participates in pH regulation (By similarity). (437 aa) | ||||
Hacd4 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 4; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursor [...] (232 aa) | ||||
Car6 | Carbonic anhydrase 6; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Its role in saliva is unknown. (317 aa) | ||||
Uros | Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase; Catalyzes cyclization of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the macrocyclic uroporphyrinogen III, the branch point for the various sub-pathways leading to the wide diversity of porphyrins. Porphyrins act as cofactors for a multitude of enzymes that perform a variety of processes within the cell such as methionine synthesis (vitamin B12) or oxygen transport (heme) (By similarity). Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen-III synthase family. (265 aa) | ||||
Car5b | Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (317 aa) | ||||
Naxd | ATP-dependent (S)-NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of the S-form of NAD(P)HX at the expense of ATP, which is converted to ADP. Together with NAD(P)HX epimerase, which catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms, the enzyme allows the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration. (365 aa) | ||||
Ireb2 | Iron-responsive element-binding protein 2; RNA-binding protein that binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES), which are stem-loop structures found in the 5'-UTR of ferritin, and delta aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNAs, and in the 3'-UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA. Binding to the IRE element in ferritin results in the repression of its mRNA translation. Binding of the protein to the transferrin receptor mRNA inhibits the degradation of this otherwise rapidly degraded mRNA. (963 aa) | ||||
Cyp1a2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E [...] (513 aa) | ||||
Gmds | GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase; Catalyzes the conversion of GDP-D-mannose to GDP-4-dehydro-6- deoxy-D-mannose; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase subfamily. (372 aa) | ||||
Car14 | Carbonic anhydrase 14; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (337 aa) | ||||
Echdc3 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase domain-containing protein 3, mitochondrial; May play a role in fatty acid biosynthesis and insulin sensitivity; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (300 aa) | ||||
Cyp2s1 | Cytochrome P450 2S1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of retinoids and eicosanoids. In epidermis, may contribute to the oxidative metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid. For this activity, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Additionally, displays peroxidase and isomerase activities toward various oxygenated eicosanoids such as prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) and hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoates (HP [...] (501 aa) | ||||
Hacd3 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 3; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursor [...] (362 aa) | ||||
Echdc2 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase domain-containing protein 2, mitochondrial; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (296 aa) | ||||
Car7 | Carbonic anhydrase 7; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (264 aa) | ||||
Fasn | 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase; Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities as an acyl carrier protein. (2504 aa) | ||||
Car5a | Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Low activity. (299 aa) | ||||
Hacd2 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursor [...] (254 aa) | ||||
Car8 | Carbonic anhydrase-related protein; Does not have a carbonic anhydrase catalytic activity; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (291 aa) | ||||
Dglucy | D-glutamate cyclase, mitochondrial; D-glutamate cyclase that converts D-glutamate to 5-oxo-D- proline. (617 aa) | ||||
Car12 | Carbonic anhydrase 12; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide; Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family. (354 aa) | ||||
Cdyl | Chromodomain Y-like protein; [Isoform 2]: Chromatin reader protein that recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9', dimethylated at 'Lys-27' and trimethylated at 'Lys-27' (H3K9me3, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively). Part of multimeric repressive chromatin complexes, where it is required for transmission and restoration of repressive histone marks, thereby preserving the epigenetic landscape. Required for chromatin targeting and maximal enzymatic activity of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2); acts as a positive regulator of PRC2 activity by bridging the pre-existing [...] (593 aa) | ||||
Eno1b | Alpha-enolase; Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2- phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production; Belongs to the enolase family. (434 aa) | ||||
Hmbs | Porphobilinogen deaminase; Tetrapolymerization of the monopyrrole PBG into the hydroxymethylbilane pre-uroporphyrinogen in several discrete steps; Belongs to the HMBS family. (361 aa) | ||||
Eno1 | Enolase 1, alpha non-neuron. (434 aa) | ||||
Car4 | Carbonic anhydrase 4; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. May stimulate the sodium/bicarbonate transporter activity of SLC4A4 (By similarity). (305 aa) | ||||
Aco1 | Cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase; Iron sensor. Binds a 4Fe-4S cluster and functions as aconitase when cellular iron levels are high. Functions as mRNA binding protein that regulates uptake, sequestration and utilization of iron when cellular iron levels are low. Binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES) in target mRNA species when iron levels are low. Binding of a 4Fe-4S cluster precludes RNA binding; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. (889 aa) | ||||
Park7 | Protein/nucleic acid deglycase DJ-1; Protein and nucleotide deglycase that catalyzes the deglycation of the Maillard adducts formed between amino groups of proteins or nucleotides and reactive carbonyl groups of glyoxals. Thus, functions as a protein deglycase that repairs methylglyoxal- and glyoxal-glycated proteins, and releases repaired proteins and lactate or glycolate, respectively. Deglycates cysteine, arginine and lysine residues in proteins, and thus reactivates these proteins by reversing glycation by glyoxals. Acts on early glycation intermediates (hemithioacetals and aminoca [...] (189 aa) | ||||
Gatd1 | Glutamine amidotransferase-like class 1 domain-containing protein 1. (220 aa) | ||||
Alad | Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase; Catalyzes an early step in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. Binds two molecules of 5-aminolevulinate per subunit, each at a distinct site, and catalyzes their condensation to form porphobilinogen (By similarity); Belongs to the ALAD family. (330 aa) | ||||
Car10 | Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10; Does not have a catalytic activity. (328 aa) | ||||
Eno3 | Beta-enolase; Appears to have a function in striated muscle development and regeneration. (434 aa) | ||||
Hacd1 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 1; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursor [...] (248 aa) | ||||
Car15 | Carbonic anhydrase 15; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. (324 aa) | ||||
Hadha | Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme catalyzes the last three of the four reactions of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. The mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway is the major energy-producing process in tissues and is performed through four consecutive reactions breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Among the enzymes involved in this pathway, the trifunctional enzyme exhibits specificity for long-chain fatty acids. Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme is a heterotetrameric complex composed of two proteins, the trifunctional en [...] (763 aa) | ||||
Uroc1 | Urocanate hydratase. (710 aa) | ||||
Car1 | Carbonic anhydrase 1; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. (261 aa) | ||||
Eno4 | Enolase 4; Required for sperm motility, function and male fertility. May be involved in the normal assembly of the sperm fibrous sheath and provides most of the enolase activity in sperm. (618 aa) | ||||
Cyp1a1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy [...] (524 aa) | ||||
Eci1 | Enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1, mitochondrial; Able to isomerize both 3-cis and 3-trans double bonds into the 2-trans form in a range of enoyl-CoA species. (289 aa) | ||||
Cbs | Cystathionine beta-synthase; Hydro-lyase catalyzing the first step of the transsulfuration pathway, where the hydroxyl group of L-serine is displaced by L- homocysteine in a beta-replacement reaction to form L-cystathionine, the precursor of L-cysteine. This catabolic route allows the elimination of L-methionine and the toxic metabolite L-homocysteine (By similarity). Also involved in the production of hydrogen sulfide, a gasotransmitter with signaling and cytoprotective effects on neurons (By similarity). (561 aa) |