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| | Cbs | Cystathionine beta-synthase; Hydro-lyase catalyzing the first step of the transsulfuration pathway, where the hydroxyl group of L-serine is displaced by L- homocysteine in a beta-replacement reaction to form L-cystathionine, the precursor of L-cysteine. This catabolic route allows the elimination of L-methionine and the toxic metabolite L-homocysteine (By similarity). Also involved in the production of hydrogen sulfide, a gasotransmitter with signaling and cytoprotective effects on neurons (By similarity). (561 aa) |
| | Cyp4f39 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 39; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (532 aa) |
| | Cyp2c40 | Cytochrome P450 2C40; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that may play a major role in the metabolism of arachidonic acid in the intestinal tract. Exhibits regioselective hydroxylase and epoxidase activity toward arachidonic acid, producing 16(R)- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and (14R,15S)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EpETrE) as major products. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). (520 aa) |
| | Cyp3a16 | Cytochrome P450 3A16; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2w1 | Cytochrome P450 2W1; Seems to have broad catalytic activity towards several chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dihydrodiols and aromatic amines. Active also in the metabolism of indoline substrates and is able to activate aflatoxin B1 into cytotoxic products. Furthermore, it seems to be involved in the oxydation of lysophospholipids and fatty acids. (493 aa) |
| | Nos3 | Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. NO mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets. May play a significant role in normal and abnormal limb development; Belongs to the NOS family. (1202 aa) |
| | Cyp4a14 | Cytochrome P450 4A14; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of saturated carbon hydrogen bonds of fatty acids. May act as a major omega- and ommega-1 hydroxylase for dodecanoic (lauric) acid in kidney. Catalyzes with low efficiency the epoxidation of 11,12-double bond of arachidonic acid. (507 aa) |
| | Cyp4a31 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 31; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (509 aa) |
| | Cyp2j13 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 13; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (503 aa) |
| | Cyp2j6 | Cytochrome P450 2J6. (501 aa) |
| | Cyp2j5 | Cytochrome P450 2J5. (501 aa) |
| | Ambp | Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain; Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase. Inhibits calcium oxalate crystallization (By similarity); In the N-terminal section; belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family. (349 aa) |
| | Cyp7a1 | Cytochrome P450 7A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endogenous cholesterol and its oxygenated derivatives (oxysterols) (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (By similarity). Functions as a critical regulatory enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bond at 7-alpha position of [...] (503 aa) |
| | Tdo2 | Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; Heme-dependent dioxygenase that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the L-tryptophan (L-Trp) pyrrole ring and converts L- tryptophan to N-formyl-L-kynurenine. Catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the indole moiety. (406 aa) |
| | Gucy1b1 | Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1; Mediates responses to nitric oxide (NO) by catalyzing the biosynthesis of the signaling molecule cGMP. (620 aa) |
| | 1700013F07Rik | Protein C1orf194 homolog; May play an important role for the maintenance of myelin-axon integrity. May affect intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis (By similarity). (168 aa) |
| | Cat | Catalase; Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Promotes growth of cells; Belongs to the catalase family. (527 aa) |
| | Cyct | Cytochrome c, testis-specific; Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. (105 aa) |
| | Ptges2 | Prostaglandin E synthase 2 truncated form; Isomerase that catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 into the more stable prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (By similarity). May also have transactivation activity toward IFN-gamma (IFNG), possibly via an interaction with CEBPB; however, the relevance of transcription activation activity remains unclear. (384 aa) |
| | Abcb6 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 6, mitochondrial; Binds heme and porphyrins and functions in their ATP- dependent uptake into the mitochondria. Plays a crucial role in heme synthesis. (842 aa) |
| | Cyp27a1 | Sterol 26-hydroxylase, mitochondrial; Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes regio- and stereospecific hydroxylation of cholesterol and its derivatives. Hydroxylates (with R stereochemistry) the terminal methyl group of cholesterol side-chain in a three step reaction to yield at first a C26 alcohol, then a C26 aldehyde and finally a C26 acid. Regulates cholesterol homeostasis by catalyzing the conversion of excess cholesterol to bile acids via both the 'neutral' (classic) and the 'acid' (alternative) pathways. May also regulate cholesterol homeostasis via generation of active oxy [...] (533 aa) |
| | Cyp2e1 | Cytochrome P450 2E1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates fatty acids specifically at the omega-1 position displaying the highest catalytic activity for saturated fatty acids. May be involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. (493 aa) |
| | Cyp2c23 | Cytochrome P450 2C44; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) metabolism and signaling. Catalyzes preferentially the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFAs. Converts arachidonoic acid primarily to stereospecific products (8R,9S)-epoxyeicosatrienoate (EET) and (11R,12S)-EET. Via EETs may inhibit the epithelial sodium channels in nephron segments, leading to increased sodium excretion and stable systemic blood pressure. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, wi [...] (494 aa) |
| | Cyp17a1 | Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in corticoid and androgen biosynthesis. Catalyzes 17-alpha hydroxylation of C21 steroids, which is common for both pathways. A second oxidative step, required only for androgen synthesis, involves an acyl-carbon cleavage. The 17-alpha hydroxy intermediates, as part of adrenal glucocorticoids biosynthesis pathway, are precursors of cortisol. Hydroxylates steroid hormones, pregnenolone and progesterone to form 17-alpha hydroxy metabolites, followed by the cleavage of the C17-C20 bond to form C19 steroids, [...] (507 aa) |
| | Cyp2c39 | Cytochrome P450 2C39; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce 14,15-cis- epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Cyp2c55 | Cytochrome P450 2C55; Metabolizes arachidonic acid mainly to 19- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Cyp26a1 | Cytochrome P450 26A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a signaling molecule that binds to retinoic acid receptors and regulates gene transcription. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH- ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bonds of atRA primarily at C-4 and C-18. Has no activity toward 9-cis and 13-cis retinoic acid st [...] (497 aa) |
| | Cyp21a1 | Steroid 21-hydroxylase; Specifically catalyzes the 21-hydroxylation of steroids. Required for the adrenal synthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. (487 aa) |
| | Cyp1b1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (By similarity). Exhibits catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2- and 4-hydroxy E2. Metabolizes testosterone and progesterone [...] (543 aa) |
| | Hbb-bs | Hemoglobin subunit beta-1; Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues. (147 aa) |
| | Hrg | Histidine-rich glycoprotein; Plasma glycoprotein that binds a number of ligands such as heme, heparin, heparan sulfate, thrombospondin, plasminogen, and divalent metal ions. Binds heparin and heparin/glycosaminoglycans in a zinc-dependent manner. Binds heparan sulfate on the surface of liver, lung, kidney and heart endothelial cells. Binds to N-sulfated polysaccharide chains on the surface of liver endothelial cells. Inhibits rosette formation. Acts as an adapter protein and is implicated in regulating many processes such as immune complex and pathogen clearance, cell chemotaxis, cell [...] (536 aa) |
| | Cyc1 | Cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial; Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient ove [...] (325 aa) |
| | Cyp2d22 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 22; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (500 aa) |
| | Gucy1b2 | Guanylate cyclase 1, soluble, beta 2; Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. (824 aa) |
| | Cyp46a1 | Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase; P450 monooxygenase that plays a major role in cholesterol homeostasis in the brain. Primarily catalyzes the hydroxylation (with S stereochemistry) at C-24 of cholesterol side chain, triggering cholesterol diffusion out of neurons and its further degradation. By promoting constant cholesterol elimination in neurons, may activate the mevalonate pathway and coordinate the synthesis of new cholesterol and nonsterol isoprenoids involved in synaptic activity and learning. Further hydroxylates cholesterol derivatives and hormone steroids on both the ring and side c [...] (500 aa) |
| | Cygb | Cytoglobin; May have a protective function during conditions of oxidative stress. May be involved in intracellular oxygen storage or transfer; Belongs to the globin family. (190 aa) |
| | Tpo | Thyroid peroxidase; Iodination and coupling of the hormonogenic tyrosines in thyroglobulin to yield the thyroid hormones T(3) and T(4). (914 aa) |
| | Mpo | Myeloperoxidase heavy chain; Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity; Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily. (718 aa) |
| | Stc2 | Stanniocalcin-2; Has an anti-hypocalcemic action on calcium and phosphate homeostasis; Belongs to the stanniocalcin family. (296 aa) |
| | Hbq1a | Hemoglobin, theta 1A; Belongs to the globin family. (145 aa) |
| | Hba-x | Hemoglobin subunit zeta; The zeta chain is an alpha-type chain of mammalian embryonic hemoglobin; Belongs to the globin family. (142 aa) |
| | Hebp2 | Heme-binding protein 2; Can promote mitochondrial permeability transition and facilitate necrotic cell death under different types of stress conditions (By similarity). May have low affinity for heme ; Belongs to the HEBP family. (205 aa) |
| | Nos2 | Nitric oxide synthase, inducible; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. Also has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such PTGS2/COX2. As component of the iNOS- S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex involved in the selective inflammatory stimulus-dependent S-nitrosylation of GAPDH implicated in regulation of the GAIT complex activity and probably multiple targets including ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM (By similarity [...] (1144 aa) |
| | Ptgis | Prostacyclin synthase; Catalyzes the isomerization of prostaglandin H2 to prostacyclin (= prostaglandin I2); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (501 aa) |
| | Cyba | Cytochrome b-245 light chain; Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. Associates with NOX3 to form a functional NADPH oxidase constitutively generating superoxide. Belongs to the p22phox family. (192 aa) |
| | Cybb | Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain; Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes. (570 aa) |
| | Dgcr8 | Microprocessor complex subunit DGCR8; Component of the microprocessor complex that acts as a RNA- and heme-binding protein that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DGCR8 function as a molecular anchor necessary for the recognition of pri-miRNA at dsRNA- ssRNA junction and directs DROSHA to cleave 11 bp away form the junction to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs tha [...] (773 aa) |
| | Upk3bl | Uroplakin-3b-like protein 1. (250 aa) |
| | Cyp2d26 | Cytochrome P450 2D26; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (500 aa) |
| | Cyp2a5 | Cytochrome P450 2A5; Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. (494 aa) |
| | Cyp2b13 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 13; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) |
| | Hmox1 | Heme oxygenase 1; Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Exhibits cytoprotective effects since excess of free heme sensitizes cells to undergo apoptosis. (289 aa) |
| | Hmox2 | Heme oxygenase 2; Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Heme oxygenase 2 could be implicated in the production of carbon monoxide in brain where it could act as a neurotransmitter. (315 aa) |
| | Cyp4f18 | Cytochrome P450 4F3; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of the proinflammatory lipid mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Hydroxylates at the omega-1 and omega-2 positions LTB4. This oxidation step leads to LTB4 inactivation, which is postulated to be a crucial part of the resolution of inflammation. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). (524 aa) |
| | Cyp2c29 | Cytochrome P450 2C29; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce 14,15-cis- epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET). (490 aa) |
| | Cyp2f2 | Cytochrome P450 2F2; Involved in the regio- and stereoselective transformation of naphthalene to trans-1R-hydroxy-2R-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene in the presence of glutathione and glutathione S-transferases. It specifically catalyzes the production of a very reactive and potentially toxic intermediate, the 2R,2S arene oxide, that is associated with necrosis of the unciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells or Clara cells in lung; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) |
| | Tbxas1 | Thromboxane-A synthase; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (533 aa) |
| | Cyp51 | Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in sterol biosynthesis. Catalyzes 14-alpha demethylation of lanosterol and 24,25- dihydrolanosterol likely through sequential oxidative conversion of 14- alpha methyl group to hydroxymethyl, then to carboxylaldehyde, followed by the formation of the delta 14,15 double bond in the sterol core and concomitant release of formic acid. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P45 [...] (503 aa) |
| | Sdhd | Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial; Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q); Belongs to the CybS family. (159 aa) |
| | Cyp3a11 | Cytochrome P450 3A11; Catalyzes erythromycin N-demethylation, nifedipine oxidation and testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2s1 | Cytochrome P450 2S1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of retinoids and eicosanoids. In epidermis, may contribute to the oxidative metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid. For this activity, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Additionally, displays peroxidase and isomerase activities toward various oxygenated eicosanoids such as prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) and hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoates (HP [...] (501 aa) |
| | Hebp1 | Heme-binding protein 1; May bind free porphyrinogens that may be present in the cell and thus facilitate removal of these potentially toxic compound. Binds with a high affinity to one molecule of heme or porphyrins. It binds metalloporphyrins, free porphyrins and N-methylprotoporphyrin with similar affinities. (190 aa) |
| | Fa2h | Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase; Catalyzes the hydroxylation of free fatty acids at the C-2 position to produce 2-hydroxy fatty acids, which are building blocks of sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids common in neural tissue and epidermis. FA2H is stereospecific for the production of (R)-2-hydroxy fatty acids. Plays an essential role in the synthesis of galactosphingolipids of the myelin sheath. Responsible for the synthesis of sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids involved in the formation of epidermal lamellar bodies critical for skin permeability barrier (By similarity). Participates in the [...] (372 aa) |
| | Cyb561d2 | Cytochrome b561 domain-containing protein 2; Two-heme-containing cytochrome that catalyzes ascorbate- dependent trans-membrane ferric-chelate reduction. (222 aa) |
| | Cyp2c38 | Cytochrome P450 2C38; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce 11,12- epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Cyp2c37 | Cytochrome P450 2C37; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce 12- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Adgb | Androglobin; Belongs to the peptidase C2 family. (356 aa) |
| | Cyp2g1 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (494 aa) |
| | Cyp24a1 | 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with a key role in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Via C24-oxidation pathway, catalyzes the inactivation of both the vitamin D precursor calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)) and the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25- dihydroxyvitamin D(3)). With initial hydroxylation at C-24 (via C24- oxidation pathway), performs a sequential 6-step oxidation of calcitriol leading to the formation of the biliary metabolite calcitroic acid. Hydroxylates at C-24 or C-25 other vitamin D active metabol [...] (514 aa) |
| | Cyp2c54 | Cytochrome P450 2C54; Metabolizes arachidonic acid mainly to 12- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Cyp3a59 | Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 59. (503 aa) |
| | Duox2 | Dual oxidase 2. (1517 aa) |
| | Cyp2j9 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 9; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (502 aa) |
| | Cyp4f14 | Leukotriene-B4 omega-hydroxylase 3; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. Catalyzes the omega-hydroxylation of LTB4 (By similarity). (524 aa) |
| | Epx | Eosinophil peroxidase heavy chain; Mediates tyrosine nitration of secondary granule proteins in mature resting eosinophils; Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily. (716 aa) |
| | Cyp20a1 | Cytochrome P450 20A1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (462 aa) |
| | Cyp8b1 | 7-alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12-alpha-hydroxylase; Involved in bile acid synthesis and is responsible for the conversion of 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one into 7 alpha, 12 alpha- dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one. Responsible for the balance between formation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. Has a rather broad substrate specificity including a number of 7-alpha-hydroxylated C27 steroids. (500 aa) |
| | Suox | Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrial. (546 aa) |
| | Pgrmc2 | Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 2; Receptor for steroids. (217 aa) |
| | Cyp4x1 | Cytochrome P450 4X1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that selectively catalyzes the epoxidation of the last double bond of the arachidonoyl moiety of anandamide, potentially modulating endocannabinoid signaling. Has no hydroxylase activity toward various fatty acids, steroids and prostaglandins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). (507 aa) |
| | Ptgs1 | Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. (602 aa) |
| | Cyp2d40 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 40; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (338 aa) |
| | Cyp2c70 | Cytochrome P450 2C70; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in muricholic acid (MCA) synthesis. Hydroxylates at the 6-beta position two major bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) to form alpha-MCA and beta-MCA, respectively. May regulate NR1H4/farnesoid X receptor signaling, as taurine-conjugated MCAs are antagonists of NR1H4. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotei [...] (489 aa) |
| | Cyp4a10 | Cytochrome P450 4A10; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (509 aa) |
| | Jak2 | Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, differentiation or histone modifications. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors such as growth hormone (GHR), prolactin (PRLR), leptin (LEPR), erythropoietin (EPOR), thrombopoietin (THPO); or type II receptors including IFN-alpha, IFN- beta, IFN-gamma and multiple interleukins. Following ligand-binding to cell surface receptors [...] (1132 aa) |
| | Hbb-bh1 | Hemoglobin subunit beta-H1; This is an embryonic beta-type chain. (147 aa) |
| | Cyp3a25 | Cytochrome P450 3A25; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (503 aa) |
| | Cyp2c67 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 67; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) |
| | Nr1d1 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1; Transcriptional repressor which coordinates circadian rhythm and metabolic pathways in a heme-dependent manner. Integral component of the complex transcription machinery that governs circadian rhythmicity and forms a critical negative limb of the circadian clock by directly repressing the expression of core clock components ARTNL/BMAL1, CLOCK and CRY1. Also regulates genes involved in metabolic functions, including lipid and bile acid metabolism, adipogenesis, gluconeogenesis and the macrophage inflammatory response. Acts as a receptor for [...] (615 aa) |
| | Cyp3a44 | Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 44. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2d12 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 12; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2b10 | Cytochrome P450 2B10; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (491 aa) |
| | Cyp2d10 | Cytochrome P450 2D10; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (504 aa) |
| | Gm10053 | Cytochrome c, somatic; Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. (105 aa) |
| | Pgrmc1 | Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1; Component of a progesterone-binding protein complex. Binds progesterone. Has many reported cellular functions (heme homeostasis, interaction with CYPs). (195 aa) |
| | Cyp26c1 | Cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily c, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (518 aa) |
| | Cyp4f13 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 13; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (523 aa) |
| | Cyp2a12 | Cytochrome P450 2A12; Highly active in the 7-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. (492 aa) |
| | Cyp3a41b | Cytochrome P450 3A41. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2b23 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 23; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) |
| | Cyp4f37 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 37; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (546 aa) |
| | Cyp2b19 | Cytochrome P450 2B19; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (492 aa) |
| | Cyp3a57 | Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 57. (503 aa) |
| | Cyb5d2 | Neuferricin; Heme-binding protein which promotes neuronal but not astrocyte differentiation. (263 aa) |
| | Cyp2c50 | Cytochrome P450 2C50; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to several midchain and omega- terminal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE). (490 aa) |
| | Cyp2b9 | Cytochrome P450 2B9; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (491 aa) |
| | mt-Co1 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1; Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol- cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and t [...] (514 aa) |
| | Cyp4a32 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 32; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (509 aa) |
| | Cyp4a12a | Cytochrome P450 4A12A; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and their oxygenated derivatives (oxylipins). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes predominantly the oxidation of the terminal carbon (omega- oxidation) of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. May act as a major omega-hydroxylase for dodecanoic (lauric) acid in kidney. Participates [...] (508 aa) |
| | Flvcr1 | Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor-related protein 1; [Isoform 1]: Heme transporter that exports cytoplasmic heme. It can also export coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin IX, which are both intermediate products in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Does not export bilirubin. Heme export depends on the presence of HPX and is required to maintain intracellular free heme balance, protecting cells from heme toxicity. Heme export provides protection from heme or ferrous iron toxicities in liver, brain, sensory neurons and during erythtopoiesis, a process in which heme synthesis intensifies [...] (560 aa) |
| | Cyp2c66 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 66; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Cyp2c65 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 65; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | Cyp2d9 | Cytochrome P450 2D9; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (504 aa) |
| | Src | Neuronal proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src; Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase which is activated following engagement of many different classes of cellular receptors including immune response receptors, integrins and other adhesion receptors, receptor protein tyrosine kinases, G protein-coupled receptors as well as cytokine receptors. Participates in signaling pathways that control a diverse spectrum of biological activities including gene transcription, immune response, cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and transformation. Due to functional redun [...] (541 aa) |
| | Hba-a2 | Hemoglobin subunit alpha; Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues; Belongs to the globin family. (142 aa) |
| | Hba-a1 | Hemoglobin alpha, adult chain 1. (142 aa) |
| | Cyp3a41a | Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 41A. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp4a12b | Cytochrome P450 4A12B; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and their oxygenated derivatives (oxylipins). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes predominantly the oxidation of the terminal carbon (omega- oxidation) of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. May act as a major omega-hydroxylase for dodecanoic (lauric) acid in kidney. Participates [...] (508 aa) |
| | Cyp4v3 | Cytochrome P450 4V2; Omega-hydroxylase that oxidizes medium-chain saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, and which plays a role in fatty acid and steroid metabolism in the eye. Catalyzes the omega- hydroxylation of medium-chain saturated fatty acids such as laurate, myristate and palmitate in an NADPH-dependent pathway. The substrate specificity is higher for myristate > laurate > palmitate (C14>C16>C12). Acts as a polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids hydroxylase by mediating oxidation of docosahexaenoate (DHA) to 22- hydroxydocosahexaenoate. Also produces some 2 [...] (525 aa) |
| | Hbb-bt | Hemoglobin, beta adult t chain. (147 aa) |
| | Cyp2a4 | Cytochrome P450 2A4; Highly active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. Also active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of progesterone and androstenedione. Little or no activity on corticosterone, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol or estriol; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (494 aa) |
| | Duox1 | Dual oxidase 1. (1551 aa) |
| | Cyp2c68 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 68; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) |
| | Eif2ak1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 1; Inhibits protein synthesis at the translation initiation level, in response to various stress conditions, including oxidative stress, heme deficiency, osmotic shock and heat shock. Exerts its function through the phosphorylation of EIF2S1 at 'Ser-48' and 'Ser- 51', thus preventing its recycling. Binds hemin forming a 1:1 complex through a cysteine thiolate and histidine nitrogenous coordination. This binding occurs with moderate affinity, allowing it to sense the heme concentration within the cell. Thanks to this unique heme-se [...] (619 aa) |
| | Hbq1b | Hemoglobin, theta 1B; Belongs to the globin family. (142 aa) |
| | Lpo | Lactoperoxidase. (710 aa) |
| | Cyp4b1 | Cytochrome P450 4B1; Responsible for mutagenic activation of 3-methoxy-4- aminoazobenzene (3-MeO-AAB); a potent procarcinogen. Also active on 2- aminofluorene and 2-aminoanthracene; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (511 aa) |
| | Cyp2u1 | Cytochrome P450 2U1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and its conjugates. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Acts as an omega and omega-1 hydroxylase for arachidonic acid and possibly for other long chain fatty acids. May modulate the arachidonic acid signaling pathway and play a role in other fatty acid signaling processes. May downregulate [...] (530 aa) |
| | Cyb561d1 | Cytochrome b561 domain-containing protein 1. (229 aa) |
| | Hbb-bh2 | Predicted gene, EG436003; Belongs to the globin family. (147 aa) |
| | Cyp2d34 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 34; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (504 aa) |
| | Ngb | Neuroglobin; Involved in oxygen transport in the brain. Hexacoordinate globin, displaying competitive binding of oxygen or the distal His residue to the iron atom. Not capable of penetrating cell membranes. The deoxygenated form exhibits nitrite reductase activity inhibiting cellular respiration via NO-binding to cytochrome c oxidase. Involved in neuroprotection during oxidative stress. May exert its anti- apoptotic activity by acting to reset the trigger level of mitochondrial cytochrome c release necessary to commit the cells to apoptosis. (155 aa) |
| | Sdhc | Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial; Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). (169 aa) |
| | Hccs | Cytochrome c-type heme lyase; Links covalently the heme group to the apoprotein of cytochrome c. (272 aa) |
| | Steap4 | Metalloreductase STEAP4; Integral membrane protein that functions as NADPH-dependent ferric-chelate reductase, using NADPH from one side of the membrane to reduce a Fe(3+) chelate that is bound on the other side of the membrane. Mediates sequential transmembrane electron transfer from NADPH to FAD and onto heme, and finally to the Fe(3+) chelate (By similarity). Can also reduce Cu(2+) to Cu(1+). Plays a role in systemic metabolic homeostasis, integrating inflammatory and metabolic responses. Associated with obesity and insulin-resistance (By similarity). Involved in inflammatory arthri [...] (470 aa) |
| | Gucy1a2 | Guanylate cyclase 1, soluble, alpha 2; Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. (730 aa) |
| | Slc48a1 | Heme transporter HRG1; Heme transporter that regulates intracellular heme availability through the endosomal or lysosomal compartment. Belongs to the HRG family. (146 aa) |
| | Pxdn | Peroxidasin homolog; Displays low peroxidase activity and is likely to participate in H(2)O(2) metabolism and peroxidative reactions in the cardiovascular system (By similarity). Plays a role in extracellular matrix formation. (1475 aa) |
| | Ido2 | Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2; Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism. Involved in immune regulation. (405 aa) |
| | Prdx1 | Peroxiredoxin-1; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. Might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H(2)O(2) (By similarity). Reduces an intramolecular disulfide bond in GDPD5 that gates the ability to GDPD5 to drive postmitotic motor neuron diffe [...] (199 aa) |
| | Nos1 | Nitric oxide synthase, brain; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays many properties of a neurotransmitter. Probably has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such SRR. Isoform NNOS Mu may be an effector enzyme for the dystrophin complex. (1429 aa) |
| | Cyb5a | Cytochrome b5; Cytochrome b5 is a membrane-bound hemoprotein functioning as an electron carrier for several membrane-bound oxygenases. It is also involved in several steps of the sterol biosynthesis pathway, particularly in the C-5 double bond introduction during the C-5 desaturation. (134 aa) |
| | Cycs | Cytochrome c, somatic. (105 aa) |
| | Mb | Myoglobin; Serves as a reserve supply of oxygen and facilitates the movement of oxygen within muscles. (154 aa) |
| | Cyb5r4 | Cytochrome b5 reductase 4; NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. Plays a critical role in protecting pancreatic beta-cells against oxidant stress, possibly by protecting the cell from excess buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (528 aa) |
| | Cyp2t4 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily t, polypeptide 4. (503 aa) |
| | Cyp11b1 | Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily b, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (501 aa) |
| | Cyp2a22 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily a, polypeptide 22; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (492 aa) |
| | Cyp4f15 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 15; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (534 aa) |
| | Cyp27b1 | 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in vitamin D metabolism and in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the activation of vitamin D in the kidney, namely the hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3/calcidiol at the C1-alpha position to form the hormonally active form of vitamin D3, 1alpha,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3/calcitriol that acts via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Has 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity on vitamin D intermediates of the CYP24A1-mediated inactivation pathway. Converts 24R,25-dihydro [...] (507 aa) |
| | Cyp7b1 | Cytochrome P450 7B1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endogenous oxysterols and steroid hormones, including neurosteroids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH- ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bonds of steroids with a preference for 7-alpha position. Usually metabolizes steroids carrying a hydroxy group at position 3, functioning as a 3-hydroxy [...] (507 aa) |
| | Rsad1 | Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 1, mitochondrial; May be a heme chaperone, appears to bind heme. Homologous bacterial proteins do not have oxygen-independent coproporphyrinogen- III oxidase activity (By similarity). Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl- L-methionine (By similarity). (442 aa) |
| | Flvcr2 | Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor-related protein 2; Acts as an importer of heme. Also acts as a transporter for a calcium-chelator complex, important for growth and calcium metabolism (By similarity); Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor (TC 2.A.1.28.1) family. (551 aa) |
| | Ptgs2 | Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays imp [...] (604 aa) |
| | Cyp11a1 | Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the side-chain hydroxylation and cleavage of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the precursor of most steroid hormones. Catalyzes three sequential oxidation reactions of cholesterol, namely the hydroxylation at C22 followed with the hydroxylation at C20 to yield 20R,22R- hydroxycholesterol that is further cleaved between C20 and C22 to yield the C21-steroid pregnenolone and 4-methylpentanal. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the se [...] (526 aa) |
| | Cyp1a2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E [...] (513 aa) |
| | Cyp19a1 | Aromatase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to the C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively. Catalyzes three successive oxidations of C19 androgens: two conventional oxidations at C19 yielding 19-hydroxy and 19-oxo/19- aldehyde derivatives, followed by a third oxidative aromatization step that involves C1-beta hydrogen abstraction combined with cleavage of the C10-C19 bond to yield a phenolic A ring and formic acid. Alternatively, the third oxidative reaction yields a 19 [...] (503 aa) |
| | Cyb5b | Cytochrome b5 type B; Cytochrome b5 is a membrane-bound hemoprotein functioning as an electron carrier for several membrane-bound oxygenases. (146 aa) |
| | Ido1 | Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1; Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. Involved in the peripheral immune tolerance, contributing to maintain homeostasis by preventing autoimmunity or immunopathology that would result from uncontrolled and overreacting immune responses. Tryptophan shortage inhibits T lymphocytes division and accumulation of tryptophan catabolites induces T-cell apoptosis and differentiation of regulatory T-cells. Acts as a suppressor of anti-tumor immunity. Limits the growth of int [...] (407 aa) |
| | Hbb-y | Hemoglobin subunit epsilon-Y2; Hemoglobin epsilon chain is a beta-type chain found in early embryos; Belongs to the globin family. (147 aa) |
| | Hpx | Hemopexin; Binds heme and transports it to the liver for breakdown and iron recovery, after which the free hemopexin returns to the circulation. (460 aa) |
| | Cyp2r1 | Vitamin D 25-hydroxylase; Has a D-25-hydroxylase activity on both forms of vitamin D, vitamin D(2) and D(3); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (501 aa) |
| | Cyp3a13 | Cytochrome P450 3A13; Can activate aflatoxin B1 to a genotoxic product. (503 aa) |
| | Cyp39a1 | 24-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in neural cholesterol clearance through bile acid synthesis. Catalyzes 7-alpha hydroxylation of (24S)-hydroxycholesterol, a neural oxysterol that is metabolized to bile acids in the liver. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH- ferrihemoprotein reductase). (470 aa) |
| | Cyp2d11 | Cytochrome P450 2D11; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp4f16 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 16; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (524 aa) |
| | Cyp11b2 | Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of adrenal mineralocorticoid aldosterone. Catalyzes three sequential oxidative reactions of 11-deoxycorticosterone/21- hydroxyprogesterone, namely 11-beta hydroxylation followed with two successive oxidations at C18 to yield 18-hydroxy and then 18-aldehyde derivatives, resulting in the formation of aldosterone. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-pro [...] (502 aa) |
| | Cyp2j11 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 11; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2c69 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 69; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) |
| | Cyp2j12 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 12; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (502 aa) |
| | Cyp2j7 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 7; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (504 aa) |
| | Cyp2j8 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 8; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (503 aa) |
| | Cyp4a29 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 29; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (509 aa) |
| | Thap4 | THAP domain-containing protein 4. (569 aa) |
| | Cyp4a30b | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 30b; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (508 aa) |
| | Gucy1a1 | Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1; Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family. (691 aa) |
| | Cyp26b1 | Cytochrome P450 26B1; Involved in the metabolism of retinoic acid (RA), rendering this classical morphogen inactive through oxidation. Involved in the specific inactivation of all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA), with a preference for the following substrates: all-trans-RA > 9-cis-RA > 13- cis-RA. Generates several hydroxylated forms of RA, including 4-OH-RA, 4-oxo-RA, and 18-OH-RA. Essential for postnatal survival. Plays a central role in germ cell development: acts by degrading RA in the developing testis, preventing STRA8 expression, thereby leading to delay of meiosis. Required [...] (512 aa) |
| | Cyp1a1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy [...] (524 aa) |
| | Cyp2ab1 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily ab, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (280 aa) |
| | Cyp4f40 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 40; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (524 aa) |
| | Cyp4f17 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 17; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (524 aa) |
| | Fech | Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX. (422 aa) |
