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| Hba-x | Hemoglobin subunit zeta; The zeta chain is an alpha-type chain of mammalian embryonic hemoglobin; Belongs to the globin family. (142 aa) | ||||
| Srf | Serum response factor; SRF is a transcription factor that binds to the serum response element (SRE), a short sequence of dyad symmetry located 300 bp to the 5' of the site of transcription initiation of some genes (such as FOS). Together with MRTFA transcription coactivator, controls expression of genes regulating the cytoskeleton during development, morphogenesis and cell migration. The SRF-MRTFA complex activity responds to Rho GTPase-induced changes in cellular globular actin (G- actin) concentration, thereby coupling cytoskeletal gene expression to cytoskeletal dynamics. Required f [...] (504 aa) | ||||
| Slc4a1 | Band 3 anion transport protein; Functions both as a transporter that mediates electroneutral anion exchange across the cell membrane and as a structural protein. Major integral membrane glycoprotein of the erythrocyte membrane; required for normal flexibility and stability of the erythrocyte membrane and for normal erythrocyte shape via the interactions of its cytoplasmic domain with cytoskeletal proteins, glycolytic enzymes, and hemoglobin. Functions as a transporter that mediates the 1:1 exchange of inorganic anions across the erythrocyte membrane. Mediates chloride- bicarbonate exch [...] (929 aa) | ||||
| G6pdx | Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase X; Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the oxidative branch within the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative route to glycolysis for the dissimilation of carbohydrates and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for fatty acid and nucleic acid biosynthetic processes. (515 aa) | ||||
| Zbtb7a | Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 7A; Transcription factor that represses the transcription of a wide range of genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Directly and specifically binds to the consensus sequence 5'-[GA][CA]GACCCCCCCCC-3' and represses transcription both by regulating the organization of chromatin and through the direct recruitment of transcription factors to gene regulatory regions. Negatively regulates SMAD4 transcriptional activity in the TGF-beta signaling pathway through these two mechanisms (By similarity). That is, recruits the chromati [...] (569 aa) | ||||
| Bpgm | Bisphosphoglycerate mutase; Plays a major role in regulating hemoglobin oxygen affinity by controlling the levels of its allosteric effector 2,3- bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG). Also exhibits mutase (EC 5.4.2.11) activity; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG- dependent PGAM subfamily. (259 aa) | ||||
| Jmjd6 | Bifunctional arginine demethylase and lysyl-hydroxylase JMJD6; Dioxygenase that can both act as a arginine demethylase and a lysyl-hydroxylase. Acts as a lysyl-hydroxylase that catalyzes 5- hydroxylation on specific lysine residues of target proteins such as U2AF2/U2AF65 and LUC7L2. Regulates RNA splicing by mediating 5- hydroxylation of U2AF2/U2AF65, affecting the pre-mRNA splicing activity of U2AF2/U2AF65. Hydroxylates its own N-terminus, which is required for homooligomerization. In addition to peptidyl-lysine 5-dioxygenase activity, may act as an RNA hydroxylase, as suggested by it [...] (403 aa) | ||||
| Ercc2 | General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD; ATP-dependent 5'-3' DNA helicase, component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. The ATP-dependent helicase activity of XPD/ERCC2 is required for DNA opening. I [...] (760 aa) | ||||
| Klf1 | Krueppel-like factor 1; Transcription regulator of erythrocyte development. Binds to the CACCC box in the beta-globin gene promoter and activates transcription. Probably serves as a general switch factor for erythroid development. When sumoylated, acts as a transcriptional repressor by promoting interaction with CDH2/MI2beta and also represses megakaryocytic differentiation. (376 aa) | ||||
| Klf2 | Krueppel-like factor 2; Transcription factor that binds to the CACCC box in the promoter of target genes such as HBB/beta globin or NOV and activates their transcription. Might be involved in transcriptional regulation by modulating the binding of the RARA nuclear receptor to RARE DNA elements (By similarity); Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (354 aa) | ||||
| Alas2 | 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial. (587 aa) | ||||
| Slc25a40 | Solute carrier family 25 member 40; Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family. (337 aa) | ||||
| Tmod3 | Tropomodulin-3; Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton (By similarity); Belongs to the tropomodulin family. (352 aa) | ||||
| Sox6 | Transcription factor SOX-6; Transcriptional activator. Binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-AACAAT-3'. Plays a key role in several developmental processes, including neurogenesis and skeleton formation. (827 aa) | ||||
| Abcb10 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 10, mitochondrial; May mediate critical mitochondrial transport functions related to heme biosynthesis; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Mitochondrial peptide exporter (TC 3.A.1.212) subfamily. (715 aa) | ||||
| Flvcr1 | Feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor-related protein 1; [Isoform 1]: Heme transporter that exports cytoplasmic heme. It can also export coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin IX, which are both intermediate products in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Does not export bilirubin. Heme export depends on the presence of HPX and is required to maintain intracellular free heme balance, protecting cells from heme toxicity. Heme export provides protection from heme or ferrous iron toxicities in liver, brain, sensory neurons and during erythtopoiesis, a process in which heme synthesis intensifies [...] (560 aa) | ||||
| Rhd | Blood group Rh(D) polypeptide; May be part of an oligomeric complex which is likely to have a transport or channel function in the erythrocyte membrane. (418 aa) | ||||
| Gata1 | Erythroid transcription factor; Transcriptional activator or repressor which probably serves as a general switch factor for erythroid development. It binds to DNA sites with the consensus sequence 5'-[AT]GATA[AG]-3' within regulatory regions of globin genes and of other genes expressed in erythroid cells. Activates the transcription of genes involved in erythroid differentiation of K562 erythroleukemia cells, including HBB, HBG1/2, ALAS2 and HMBS (By similarity). (413 aa) | ||||
| Nckap1l | Nck-associated protein 1-like; Essential hematopoietic-specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Controls lymphocyte development, activation, proliferation and homeostasis, erythrocyte membrane stability, as well as phagocytosis and migration by neutrophils and macrophages. Component of the WAVE2 complex which signals downstream of RAC to stimulate F-actin polymerization. Required for stabilization and/or translation of the WAVE2 complex proteins in hematopoietic cells. Exhibits complex cycles of activation and inhibition to generate waves of propagating the assembly with actin. Al [...] (1134 aa) | ||||
| Arid4a | AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 4A; DNA-binding protein which modulates activity of several transcription factors including RB1 (retinoblastoma-associated protein) and AR (androgen receptor). May function as part of an mSin3A repressor complex (By similarity). Has no intrinsic transcriptional activity. Plays a role in the regulation of epigenetic modifications at the PWS/AS imprinting center near the SNRPN promoter, where it might function as part of a complex with RB1 and ARID4B. Involved in spermatogenesis, together with ARID4B, where it acts as a transcriptional coacti [...] (1261 aa) | ||||
| L3mbtl3 | Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 3; Putative Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of genes, probably via a modification of chromatin, rendering it heritably changed in its expressibility (By similarity). Required for normal maturation of myeloid progenitor cells. (883 aa) | ||||
| Cited2 | Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator 2; Transcriptional coactivator of the p300/CBP-mediated transcription complex. Acts as a bridge, linking TFAP2 transcription factors and the p300/CBP transcriptional coactivator complex in order to stimulate TFAP2-mediated transcriptional activation. Positively regulates TGF-beta signaling through its association with the SMAD/p300/CBP-mediated transcriptional coactivator complex. Stimulates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors PPARA transcriptional activity. Enhances estrogen-dependent transactivation mediated by estrogen receptors. Acts [...] (269 aa) | ||||
| G6pd2 | Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 2; Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the oxidative branch within the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative route to glycolysis for the dissimilation of carbohydrates and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for fatty acid and nucleic acid biosynthetic processes. (513 aa) | ||||
| Alas1 | 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial; Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (642 aa) | ||||
| Ank1 | Ankyrin-1; Attaches integral membrane proteins to cytoskeletal elements; binds to the erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2, to Na-K ATPase, to the lymphocyte membrane protein GP85, and to the cytoskeletal proteins fodrin, tubulin, vimentin and desmin. Erythrocyte ankyrins also link spectrin (beta chain) to the cytoplasmic domain of the erythrocytes anion exchange protein; they retain most or all of these binding functions. In skeletal muscle, isoform Mu7 together with obscurin may provide a molecular link between the sarcoplasmic reticulum and myofibrils. (1907 aa) | ||||
| Maea | E3 ubiquitin-protein transferase MAEA; Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1. MAEA and RMND5A are both required for catalytic activity of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. MAEA is required for normal cell proliferation. The CTLH E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex is not required for the degradation of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, such as FBP1 (By similarity). Plays a role in erythroblast enucleat [...] (396 aa) | ||||
| Adgrf5 | Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F5; Receptor that plays a critical role in lung surfactant homeostasis. May play a role in controlling adipocyte function. (1348 aa) | ||||
| Epo | Erythropoietin; Hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte proliferation and differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass. Binds to EPOR leading to EPOR dimerization and JAK2 activation thereby activating specific downstream effectors, including STAT1 and STAT3. (192 aa) | ||||
| Dmtn | Dematin; Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein with F-actin-binding activity that induces F-actin bundles formation and stabilization. Its F-actin-bundling activity is reversibly regulated upon its phosphorylation by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Binds to the erythrocyte membrane glucose transporter-1 SLC2A1/GLUT1, and hence stabilizes and attaches the spectrin-actin network to the erythrocytic plasma membrane. Plays a role in maintaining the functional integrity of PKA-activated erythrocyte shape and the membrane mechanical properties. Plays also a role as a modulator [...] (383 aa) | ||||
| Brd1 | Bromodomain-containing 1. (1189 aa) | ||||
| Med1 | Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 1; Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Essential for embryogenes [...] (1575 aa) | ||||
| Ptbp3 | Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 3; RNA-binding protein that mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Positive regulator of EPO-dependent erythropoiesis. Participates in cell differentiation regulation by repressing tissue-specific exons. Promotes Fas exon 6 skipping. Binds RNA, preferentially to both poly(G) and poly(U) (By similarity). (551 aa) | ||||
| Rps6 | 40S ribosomal protein S6; May play an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA. (249 aa) | ||||
| Epb42 | Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2; Probably plays an important role in the regulation of erythrocyte shape and mechanical properties; Belongs to the transglutaminase superfamily. Transglutaminase family. (691 aa) | ||||
| Hba-a1 | Hemoglobin alpha, adult chain 1. (142 aa) | ||||
| Hba-a2 | Hemoglobin subunit alpha; Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues; Belongs to the globin family. (142 aa) | ||||
| Lyar | Cell growth-regulating nucleolar protein; Plays a role in the maintenance of the appropriate processing of 47S/45S pre-rRNA to 32S/30S pre-rRNAs and their subsequent processing to produce 18S and 28S rRNAs (By similarity). Also acts at the level of transcription regulation. Along with PRMT5, binds embryonic globin promoter (By similarity). Represses the expression of embryonic globin Hbb-y gene. In neuroblastoma cells, may also repress the expression of oxidative stress genes, including CHAC1, HMOX1, SLC7A11, ULBP1 and that encoding the small nucleolar RNA SNORD41 (By similarity). Pref [...] (388 aa) | ||||
| Sh2b3 | SH2B adapter protein 3; Links T-cell receptor activation signal to phospholipase C- gamma-1, GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; Belongs to the SH2B adapter family. (548 aa) | ||||
| Tal1 | T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 homolog; Implicated in the genesis of hemopoietic malignancies. It may play an important role in hemopoietic differentiation. Serves as a positive regulator of erythroid differentiation. (329 aa) | ||||
| Fam210b | Protein FAM210B, mitochondrial; Plays a role in erythroid differentiation. Involved in cell proliferation and tumor cell growth suppression. Involved in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells in a PDK4-dependent manner. Belongs to the FAM210 family. (190 aa) | ||||
| Rhag | Ammonium transporter Rh type A; May be part of an oligomeric complex which is likely to have a transport or channel function in the erythrocyte membrane. Involved in ammonia transport across the erythrocyte membrane. Seems to act in monovalent cation transport. (438 aa) | ||||
| Adgrf4 | Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F4; Orphan receptor; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily. (698 aa) | ||||
| Hbb-bs | Hemoglobin subunit beta-1; Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues. (147 aa) | ||||
| Slc11a2 | Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2; May serve to import iron into the mitochondria (By similarity). Important in metal transport, in particular iron. Involved in apical iron uptake into duodenal enterocytes. Involved in iron transport from acidified endosomes into the cytoplasm of erythroid precursor cells. May play an important role in hepatic iron accumulation and tissue iron distribution. (568 aa) | ||||
| Pla2g10 | Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2; PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Has a powerful potency for releasing arachidonic acid from cell membrane phospholipids. (151 aa) | ||||
| Bcl6 | B-cell lymphoma 6 protein homolog; Transcriptional repressor mainly required for germinal center (GC) formation and antibody affinity maturation which has different mechanisms of action specific to the lineage and biological functions. Forms complexes with different corepressors and histone deacetylases to repress the transcriptional expression of different subsets of target genes. Represses its target genes by binding directly to the DNA sequence 5'-TTCCTAGAA-3' (BCL6-binding site) or indirectly by repressing the transcriptional activity of transcription factors. In GC B-cells, repres [...] (707 aa) | ||||
| Bap1 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase BAP1; Deubiquitinating enzyme that plays a key role in chromatin by mediating deubiquitination of histone H2A and HCFC1. Catalytic component of the PR-DUB complex, a complex that specifically mediates deubiquitination of histone H2A monoubiquitinated at 'Lys-119' (H2AK119ub1). Does not deubiquitinate monoubiquitinated histone H2B. Acts as a regulator of cell growth by mediating deubiquitination of HCFC1 N-terminal and C-terminal chains, with some specificity toward 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains compared to 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chain [...] (728 aa) | ||||