STRINGSTRING
Trim39 Trim39 Csn3 Csn3 Afm Afm Hps4 Hps4 Nckap1 Nckap1 Apoa2 Apoa2 Hypk Hypk Trp53 Trp53 Fbxw7 Fbxw7 Cdkn2a Cdkn2a Usp36 Usp36 Park7 Park7 Tcf3 Tcf3 Igf1 Igf1 Sox4 Sox4 Rtn4 Rtn4 March7 March7 P3h1 P3h1 Trim44 Trim44 Rpl11 Rpl11 Per3 Per3 Rpl23 Rpl23 Kcnu1 Kcnu1 Otud3 Otud3 Cd74 Cd74 Hsp90aa1 Hsp90aa1 Rassf1 Rassf1 Stxbp1 Stxbp1 Sumo1 Sumo1 Cdk7 Cdk7 Sec16a Sec16a Aak1 Aak1 Usp9x Usp9x Mapk8ip3 Mapk8ip3 Tbl1x Tbl1x Tnip2 Tnip2 Hspa1a Hspa1a Ncor2 Ncor2 Pml Pml Crtap Crtap Ak6 Ak6 Rpl5 Rpl5 H1f5 H1f5 Dsg1a Dsg1a Dsg1b Dsg1b Pex19 Pex19 A1cf A1cf Npm1 Npm1 Lamp2 Lamp2 Rps7 Rps7 Zswim7 Zswim7 Usp13 Usp13 Flot2 Flot2 Wiz Wiz Pfn2 Pfn2 Mdm4 Mdm4 Ep300 Ep300 Chek2 Chek2 Plpp3 Plpp3 Ctnnd1 Ctnnd1 Cdc37l1 Cdc37l1 Swsap1 Swsap1 Creb1 Creb1 Mtmr9 Mtmr9 Hip1 Hip1 Cog7 Cog7 Msx1 Msx1 Hip1r Hip1r Cct3 Cct3 Flot1 Flot1 Smo Smo Prkra Prkra Pex6 Pex6 Pik3r1 Pik3r1 Tmem88 Tmem88 Dsg1c Dsg1c Zfp207 Zfp207 Dnaja3 Dnaja3 Sugt1 Sugt1 Bag5 Bag5 Trex1 Trex1 Irgm1 Irgm1 Ptges3 Ptges3 Wfs1 Wfs1 Igtp Igtp Atp1b2 Atp1b2 Grn Grn Cog3 Cog3 Bag4 Bag4 Nop53 Nop53 Rab3gap1 Rab3gap1 Bag2 Bag2 Mul1 Mul1 Cct2 Cct2 Ipo9 Ipo9 Crebl2 Crebl2 Atp1b3 Atp1b3 Smad3 Smad3 Ppib Ppib Pin1 Pin1 Apoa1 Apoa1 Usp2 Usp2 Mt3 Mt3 Lamp1 Lamp1 Hcfc1 Hcfc1 Bag3 Bag3 Tyrobp Tyrobp Atf7ip Atf7ip Cct7 Cct7 Tesc Tesc Dvl1 Dvl1 Stx12 Stx12 Pink1 Pink1 Tspan1 Tspan1 Saxo1 Saxo1 Bag1 Bag1 Efna1 Efna1 Mfsd1 Mfsd1 Naa15 Naa15 Mcm8 Mcm8 Rassf2 Rassf2 Dnlz Dnlz Atp1b1 Atp1b1 Epha4 Epha4 Pdcl3 Pdcl3 Hspd1 Hspd1 Sox17 Sox17 Smad7 Smad7 Cct8 Cct8 Gnaq Gnaq Bag6 Bag6 Pim1 Pim1 Hsp90ab1 Hsp90ab1 Wrb Wrb Wnt10b Wnt10b Rabl3 Rabl3 Gpihbp1 Gpihbp1 Cct5 Cct5 Clu Clu Naa16 Naa16 Ccnh Ccnh Caml Caml Sav1 Sav1 Ube2b Ube2b Ncln Ncln Rab21 Rab21 Cdc37 Cdc37 Cryaa Cryaa Ncor1 Ncor1 Stk3 Stk3 Pfn1 Pfn1 Stk4 Stk4 Chp1 Chp1 Calr Calr Phb2 Phb2 Usp19 Usp19 Pten Pten Cct6a Cct6a Dsc3 Dsc3 Pim2 Pim2 Gtpbp4 Gtpbp4 Mtrr Mtrr Zbed3 Zbed3 Cryab Cryab Morc3 Morc3 Usp29 Usp29 Usp33 Usp33 Gm28635 Gm28635 Prkn Prkn Taf9 Taf9 Apbb1 Apbb1 Usp27x Usp27x Pin1rt1 Pin1rt1 Ank2 Ank2 Glmp Glmp D7Ertd443e D7Ertd443e Wdr81 Wdr81 Hspa1b Hspa1b Cct4 Cct4 Apopt1 Apopt1 Dvl3 Dvl3 Pdcd10 Pdcd10 Usp7 Usp7 Apbb2 Apbb2 Phb Phb Nlk Nlk Stxbp4 Stxbp4 Tcp1 Tcp1 Syvn1 Syvn1 Gapdh Gapdh Golga7 Golga7 Tbrg1 Tbrg1 Telo2 Telo2 Flna Flna Tsc1 Tsc1 Taf9b Taf9b
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Trim39E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM39; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). May facilitate apoptosis by inhibiting APC/C-Cdh1-mediated poly-ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of the pro-apoptotic protein MOAP1 (By similarity). Regulates the G1/S transition of the cell cycle and DNA damage-induced G2 arrest by stabilizing CDKN1A/p21 (By similarity). Positively regulates CDKN1A/p21 stability by competing with DTL for CDKN1A/p21 binding, therefore disrupting DCX(DTL) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex-mediated CDKN1A/p21 ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). (488 aa)
Csn3Kappa-casein; Kappa-casein stabilizes micelle formation, preventing casein precipitation in milk. (181 aa)
AfmAfamin; Functions as carrier for hydrophobic molecules in body fluids. Essential for the solubility and activity of lipidated Wnt family members, including WNT1, WNT2B, WNT3, WNT3A, WNT5A, WNT7A, WNT7B, WNT8, WNT9A, WNT9B, WNT10A and WNT10B. Binds vitamin E. May transport vitamin E in body fluids under conditions where the lipoprotein system is not sufficient. May be involved in the transport of vitamin E across the blood-brain barrier. (608 aa)
Hps4Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 protein homolog; Component of the BLOC-3 complex, a complex that acts as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for RAB32 and RAB38, promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting them from an inactive GDP-bound form into an active GTP-bound form. The BLOC-3 complex plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis and promotes the membrane localization of RAB32 and RAB38. (671 aa)
Nckap1Nck-associated protein 1; Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex. Actin remodeling activity is regulated by RAC1. As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes ; Belongs to the HEM-1/HEM-2 family. (1134 aa)
Apoa2Proapolipoprotein A-II; May stabilize HDL (high density lipoprotein) structure by its association with lipids, and affect the HDL metabolism; Belongs to the apolipoprotein A2 family. (102 aa)
HypkHuntingtin-interacting protein K; Has a chaperone-like activity preventing polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregation of HTT. Protects against HTT polyQ-mediated apoptosis in neuronal cells (By similarity). Regulator of the N- terminal acetyltransferase NAA10-NAA15 complex (By similarity). Has been in one study shown to be required for optimal NAA10-NAA15 complex- mediated N-terminal acetylation (By similarity). However, has been shown in another study to act in vitro as an inhibitor of NAA10-NAA15 complex-mediated N-terminal acetylation (By similarity). (129 aa)
Trp53Cellular tumor antigen p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its intera [...] (390 aa)
Fbxw7F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Recognizes and binds phosphorylated sites/phosphodegrons within target proteins and thereafter bring them to the SCF complex for ubiquitination. Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CCNE1 and MYC. Identified substrates include cyclin-E (CCNE1 or CCNE2), DISC1, JUN, MYC, NOTCH1 released notch intracellular domain (NICD), NOTCH2, MCL1 and pr [...] (710 aa)
Cdkn2aTumor suppressor ARF; Capable of inducing cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2 phases. Acts as a tumor suppressor. Binds to MDM2 and blocks its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling by sequestering it in the nucleolus. This inhibits the oncogenic action of MDM2 by blocking MDM2-induced degradation of p53 and enhancing p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis. Also induces G2 arrest and apoptosis in a p53-independent manner by preventing the activation of cyclin B1/CDC2 complexes. Binds to BCL6 and down-regulates BCL6-induced transcriptional repression. Binds to E2F1 and MYC and blocks their transcr [...] (169 aa)
Usp36Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 36; Deubiquitinase essential for the regulation of nucleolar structure and function. Required for cell and organism viability. Plays an important role in ribosomal RNA processing and protein synthesis, which is mediated, at least in part, through deubiquitination of DHX33, NPM1 and FBL, regulating their protein stability. Functions as a transcriptional repressor by deubiquiting histone H2B at the promoters of genes critical for cellular differentiation, such as CDKN1A, thereby preventing histone H3 'Lys-4' trimethylation (H3K4). Specifically deubiq [...] (1098 aa)
Park7Protein/nucleic acid deglycase DJ-1; Protein and nucleotide deglycase that catalyzes the deglycation of the Maillard adducts formed between amino groups of proteins or nucleotides and reactive carbonyl groups of glyoxals. Thus, functions as a protein deglycase that repairs methylglyoxal- and glyoxal-glycated proteins, and releases repaired proteins and lactate or glycolate, respectively. Deglycates cysteine, arginine and lysine residues in proteins, and thus reactivates these proteins by reversing glycation by glyoxals. Acts on early glycation intermediates (hemithioacetals and aminoca [...] (189 aa)
Tcf3Transcription factor E2-alpha; Transcriptional regulator. Involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. Heterodimers between TCF3 and tissue-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins play major roles in determining tissue-specific cell fate during embryogenesis, like muscle or early B- cell differentiation. Dimers bind DNA on E-box motifs: 5'-CANNTG-3'. Binds to the kappa-E2 site in the kappa immunoglobulin gene enhancer. Binds to IEB1 and IEB2, which are short DNA sequences in the insulin gene transcription control region. (653 aa)
Igf1Insulin-like growth factor I; The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]- 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation (By similarity). Ca(2 [...] (159 aa)
Sox4Transcription factor SOX-4; Transcriptional activator that binds with high affinity to the T-cell enhancer motif 5'-AACAAAG-3' motif. (440 aa)
Rtn4Reticulon-4; Required to induce the formation and stabilization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules. They regulate membrane morphogenesis in the ER by promoting tubular ER production. They influence nuclear envelope expansion, nuclear pore complex formation and proper localization of inner nuclear membrane proteins. However each isoform have specific functions mainly depending on their tissue expression specificities. [Isoform B]: Mainly function in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, is also involved in immune system regulation (Probable). Modulator of vascular remod [...] (1162 aa)
March7E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MARCHF7; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which may specifically enhance the E2 activity of HIP2. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (By similarity). May be involved in T-cell proliferation by regulating LIF secretion. May play a role in lysosome homeostasis (By similarity). (693 aa)
P3h1Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1; Basement membrane-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). Has prolyl 3-hydroxylase activity catalyzing the post- translational formation of 3-hydroxyproline in -Xaa-Pro-Gly- sequences in collagens, especially types IV and V. May be involved in the secretory pathway of cells. Has growth suppressive activity in fibroblasts (By similarity). (748 aa)
Trim44Tripartite motif-containing protein 44; May play a role in the process of differentiation and maturation of neuronal cells (By similarity). May regulate the activity of TRIM17 (By similarity). Is a negative regulator of PAX6 expression (By similarity). (345 aa)
Rpl1160S ribosomal protein L11; Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through [...] (178 aa)
Per3Period circadian protein homolog 3; Originally described as a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and [...] (1113 aa)
Rpl2360S ribosomal protein L23. (140 aa)
Kcnu1Potassium channel subfamily U member 1; Testis-specific potassium channel activated by both intracellular pH and membrane voltage that mediates export of K(+). Represents the primary spermatozoan K(+) current. In contrast to KCNMA1/SLO1, it is not activated by Ca(2+) or Mg(2+). Critical for fertility. May play an important role in sperm osmoregulation required for the acquisition of normal morphology and motility when faced with osmotic challenges, such as those experienced after mixing with seminal fluid and entry into the vagina. Belongs to the potassium channel family. Calcium-activ [...] (1121 aa)
Otud3OTU domain-containing protein 3; Deubiquitinating enzyme that hydrolyzes 'Lys-6'- and 'Lys- 11'-linked polyubiquitin. Also hydrolyzes heterotypic (mixed and branched) and homotypic chains (By similarity). (396 aa)
Cd74H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to compartments where peptide loading of class II takes place. Enhance also the stimulation of T-cell responses through interaction with CD44. (279 aa)
Hsp90aa1Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity which is essential for its chaperone activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Engages with a ra [...] (733 aa)
Rassf1Ras association domain-containing protein 1; Potential tumor suppressor. Required for death receptor- dependent apoptosis. Mediates activation of Mediates activation of STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 during Fas-induced apoptosis by preventing their dephosphorylation. When associated with MOAP1, promotes BAX conformational change and translocation to mitochondrial membranes in response to TNF and TNFSF10 stimulation. Isoform A interacts with CDC20, an activator of the anaphase-promoting complex, APC, resulting in the inhibition of APC activity and mitotic progression. Inhibits proliferation by [...] (340 aa)
Stxbp1Syntaxin-binding protein 1; Participates in the regulation of synaptic vesicle docking and fusion through interaction with GTP-binding proteins (By similarity). Essential for neurotransmission and binds syntaxin, a component of the synaptic vesicle fusion machinery probably in a 1:1 ratio. Can interact with syntaxins 1, 2, and 3 but not syntaxin 4. May play a role in determining the specificity of intracellular fusion reactions (By similarity); Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family. (603 aa)
Sumo1Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1; Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post- translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Involved for insta [...] (101 aa)
Cdk7Cyclin-dependent kinase 7; Serine/threonine kinase involved in cell cycle control and in RNA polymerase II-mediated RNA transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are activated by the binding to a cyclin and mediate the progression through the cell cycle. Each different complex controls a specific transition between 2 subsequent phases in the cell cycle. Required for both activation and complex formation of CDK1/cyclin-B during G2-M transition, and for activation of CDK2/cyclins during G1-S transition (but not complex formation). CDK7 is the catalytic subunit of the CDK-activating [...] (346 aa)
Sec16aProtein transport protein Sec16A; Acts as a molecular scaffold that plays a key role in the organization of the endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (ERES), also known as transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). SAR1A-GTP-dependent assembly of SEC16A on the ER membrane forms an organized scaffold defining an ERES. Required for secretory cargo traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Mediates the recruitment of MIA3/TANGO to ERES. Regulates both conventional (ER/Golgi-dependent) and GORASP2-mediated unconventional (ER/Golgi-independent) trafficking of CFTR to cell mem [...] (2357 aa)
Aak1AP2-associated protein kinase 1; Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to [...] (959 aa)
Usp9xProbable ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase FAF-X; Deubiquitinase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. May therefore play an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation of proteins through the removal of conjugated ubiquitin. Specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-48'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'- linked polyubiquitins chains. Essential component of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated SMAD4, opposing the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Deubiquitinat [...] (2554 aa)
Mapk8ip3C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 3; The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. May function as a regulator of vesicle transport, through interactions with the JNK-signaling components and motor proteins. Promotes neuronal axon elongation in a kinesin- and JNK-dependent manner. Activates cofilin at axon tips via local activation of JNK, thereby regulating filopodial dynamics and enhancing axon elongation. Its binding to kin [...] (1337 aa)
Tbl1xF-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1X; F-box-like protein involved in the recruitment of the ubiquitin/19S proteasome complex to nuclear receptor-regulated transcription units. Plays an essential role in transcription activation mediated by nuclear receptors. Probably acts as integral component of corepressor complexes that mediates the recruitment of the 19S proteasome complex, leading to the subsequent proteasomal degradation of transcription repressor complexes, thereby allowing cofactor exchange (By similarity); Belongs to the WD repeat EBI family. (527 aa)
Tnip2TNFAIP3-interacting protein 2; Inhibits NF-kappa-B activation by blocking the interaction of RIPK1 with its downstream effector NEMO/IKBKG. Forms a ternary complex with NFKB1 and MAP3K8 but appears to function upstream of MAP3K8 in the TLR4 signaling pathway that regulates MAP3K8 activation. Involved in activation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway during innate immune response; this function seems to be stimulus- and cell type specific. Required for stability of MAP3K8. Involved in regulation of apoptosis in endothelial cells; promotes TEK agonist-stimulated endothelial survival. May ac [...] (430 aa)
Hspa1aHeat shock 70 kDa protein 1A; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and AD [...] (641 aa)
Ncor2Nuclear receptor corepressor 2; Transcriptional corepressor. Mediates the transcriptional repression activity of some nuclear receptors by promoting chromatin condensation, thus preventing access of the basal transcription. Isoform 1 and isoform 5 have different affinities for different nuclear receptors. Involved in the regulation BCL6-dependent of the germinal center (GC) reactions, mainly through the control of the GC B-cells proliferation and survival. Recruited by ZBTB7A to the androgen response elements/ARE on target genes, negatively regulates androgen receptor signaling and and [...] (2468 aa)
PmlProtein PML; Functions via its association with PML-nuclear bodies (PML- NBs) in a wide range of important cellular processes, including tumor suppression, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, senescence, DNA damage response, and viral defense mechanisms. Acts as the scaffold of PML-NBs allowing other proteins to shuttle in and out, a process which is regulated by SUMO-mediated modifications and interactions. Positively regulates p53/TP53 by acting at different levels (by promoting its acetylation and phosphorylation and by inhibiting its MDM2-dependent degradation). Regulates phosph [...] (885 aa)
CrtapCartilage-associated protein; Necessary for efficient 3-hydroxylation of fibrillar collagen prolyl residues; Belongs to the leprecan family. (400 aa)
Ak6Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9; Essential for cell viability. TAF9 and TAF9B are involved in transcriptional activation as well as repression of distinct but overlapping sets of genes. May have a role in gene regulation associated with apoptosis. TAFs are components of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, the TBP-free TAFII complex (TFTC), the PCAF histone acetylase complex and the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. TFIID or TFTC are essential for the regulation of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription (By similarity). (264 aa)
Rpl560S ribosomal protein L5; Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through [...] (297 aa)
H1f5Histone H1.5; Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fiber. Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibers. Acts also as a regulator of individual gene transcription through chromatin remodeling, nucleosome spacing and DNA methylation (By similarity). (223 aa)
Dsg1aDesmoglein-1-alpha; Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. (1057 aa)
Dsg1bDesmoglein-1-beta; Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. (1060 aa)
Pex19Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19; Necessary for early peroxisomal biogenesis. Acts both as a cytosolic chaperone and as an import receptor for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). Binds and stabilizes newly synthesized PMPs in the cytoplasm by interacting with their hydrophobic membrane-spanning domains, and targets them to the peroxisome membrane by binding to the integral membrane protein PEX3. Excludes CDKN2A from the nucleus and prevents its interaction with MDM2, which results in active degradation of TP53. (299 aa)
A1cfAPOBEC1 complementation factor; Essential component of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme complex which is responsible for the postranscriptional editing of a CAA codon for Gln to a UAA codon for stop in APOB mRNA. Binds to APOB mRNA and is probably responsible for docking the catalytic subunit, APOBEC1, to the mRNA to allow it to deaminate its target cytosine. The complex also seems to protect the edited APOB mRNA from nonsense-mediated decay (By similarity). (595 aa)
Npm1Nucleophosmin; Involved in diverse cellular processes such as ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, protein chaperoning, histone assembly, cell proliferation, and regulation of tumor suppressors p53/TP53 and ARF. Binds ribosome presumably to drive ribosome nuclear export. Associated with nucleolar ribonucleoprotein structures and bind single-stranded nucleic acids. Acts as a chaperonin for the core histones H3, H2B and H4. Stimulates APEX1 endonuclease activity on apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) double-stranded DNA but inhibits APEX1 endonuclease activity on AP single-stranded RNA. M [...] (292 aa)
Lamp2Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2; Plays an important role in chaperone-mediated autophagy, a process that mediates lysosomal degradation of proteins in response to various stresses and as part of the normal turnover of proteins with a long biological half-live. Functions by binding target proteins, such as GAPDH and MLLT11, and targeting them for lysosomal degradation (By similarity). Required for the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes during autophagy. Cells that lack LAMP2 express normal levels of VAMP8, but fail to accumulate STX17 on autophagosomes, which is the mos [...] (416 aa)
Rps740S ribosomal protein S7; Required for rRNA maturation. (194 aa)
Zswim7Zinc finger SWIM domain-containing protein 7; Involved in early stages of the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. (152 aa)
Usp13Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 13; Deubiquitinase that mediates deubiquitination of target proteins such as BECN1, MITF, SKP2 and USP10 and is involved in various processes such as autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Component of a regulatory loop that controls autophagy and p53/TP53 levels: mediates deubiquitination of BECN1, a key regulator of autophagy, leading to stabilize the PIK3C3/VPS34- containing complexes. Also deubiquitinates USP10, an essential regulator of p53/TP53 stability. In turn, PIK3C3/VPS34-containing complexes regulate USP13 st [...] (858 aa)
Flot2Flotillin-2; May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes, functionally participating in formation of caveolae or caveolae-like vesicles. May be involved in epidermal cell adhesion and epidermal structure and function; Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family. Flotillin subfamily. (428 aa)
WizProtein Wiz; May link EHMT1 and EHMT2 histone methyltransferases to the CTBP corepressor machinery. May be involved in EHMT1-EHMT2 heterodimer formation and stabilization; Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (956 aa)
Pfn2Profilin-2; Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations. By binding to PIP2, it inhibits the formation of IP3 and DG. (140 aa)
Mdm4Protein Mdm4; Inhibits p53/TP53- and TP73/p73-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by binding its transcriptional activation domain. Inhibits degradation of MDM2. Can reverse MDM2-targeted degradation of TP53 while maintaining suppression of TP53 transactivation and apoptotic functions. The short isoform is a more potent inhibitor of TP53 activity than the long isoform. (490 aa)
Ep300Histone acetyltransferase p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling (By similarity). Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes (By similarity). Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-122' (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability (By [...] (2412 aa)
Chek2Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair and apoptosis in response to the presence of DNA double-strand breaks. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. Following activation, phosphorylates numerous effectors preferentially at the consensus sequence [L-X-R-X-X-S/T]. Regulates cell cycle checkpoint arrest through phosphorylation of CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C, inhibiting their activity. Inhibition of CDC25 phosphatase activity leads [...] (546 aa)
Plpp3Phospholipid phosphatase 3; Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase of the plasma membrane that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of a variety of glycerolipid and sphingolipid phosphate esters including phosphatidate/PA, lysophosphatidate/LPA, diacylglycerol pyrophosphate/DGPP, sphingosine 1-phosphate/S1P and ceramide 1- phosphate/C1P. Also acts on N-oleoyl ethanolamine phosphate/N-(9Z- octadecenoyl)-ethanolamine phosphate, a potential physiological compound. Has both an extracellular and an intracellular phosphatase activity, allowing the hydrolysis and the cellular uptake of the [...] (312 aa)
Ctnnd1Catenin delta-1; Key regulator of cell-cell adhesion that associates with and regulates the cell adhesion properties of both C-, E- and N-cadherins, being critical for their surface stability. Beside cell-cell adhesion, regulates gene transcription through several transcription factors including ZBTB33/Kaiso2 and GLIS2, and the activity of Rho family GTPases and downstream cytoskeletal dynamics. Implicated both in cell transformation by SRC and in ligand-induced receptor signaling through the EGF, PDGF, CSF-1 and ERBB2 receptors. (938 aa)
Cdc37l1Hsp90 co-chaperone Cdc37-like 1; Co-chaperone that binds to numerous proteins and promotes their interaction with Hsp70 and Hsp90; Belongs to the CDC37 family. (335 aa)
Swsap1ATPase SWSAP1; ATPase which is preferentially stimulated by single-stranded DNA and is involved in homologous recombination repair (HRR). Has a DNA-binding activity which is independent of its ATPase activity (By similarity). (278 aa)
Creb1Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1; Phosphorylation-dependent transcription factor that stimulates transcription upon binding to the DNA cAMP response element (CRE), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Transcription activation is enhanced by the TORC coactivators which act independently of Ser-133 phosphorylation. Involved in different cellular processes including the synchronization of circadian rhythmicity and the differentiation of adipose cells. Belongs to the bZIP family. (341 aa)
Mtmr9Myotubularin-related protein 9; Acts as an adapter for myotubularin-related phosphatases. Increases lipid phosphatase MTMR6 catalytic activity, specifically towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate, and MTMR6 binding affinity for phosphorylated phosphatidylinositols (By similarity). Positively regulates lipid phosphatase MTMR7 catalytic activity. The formation of the MTMR6-MTMR9 complex, stabilizes both MTMR6 and MTMR9 protein levels (By similarity). Plays a role in the late stages of macropinocytosis possibly by regulating MTMR6-mediated dephosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol [...] (545 aa)
Hip1Huntingtin-interacting protein 1; Plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and trafficking. Involved in regulating AMPA receptor trafficking in the central nervous system in an NMDA-dependent manner. Regulates presynaptic nerve terminal activity. Enhances androgen receptor (AR)- mediated transcription (By similarity). May act as a proapoptotic protein that induces cell death by acting through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway (By similarity). Binds 3-phosphoinositides (via ENTH domain) (By similarity). May act through the ENTH domain to promote cell survival by stabilizing receptor [...] (1029 aa)
Cog7Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 7; Required for normal Golgi function. (770 aa)
Msx1Homeobox protein MSX-1; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. May play a role in limb- pattern formation. Acts in cranofacial development and specifically in odontogenesis; Belongs to the Msh homeobox family. (303 aa)
Hip1rHuntingtin-interacting protein 1-related protein; Component of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles, that may link the endocytic machinery to the actin cytoskeleton. Binds 3- phosphoinositides (via ENTH domain). May act through the ENTH domain to promote cell survival by stabilizing receptor tyrosine kinases following ligand-induced endocytosis. (1068 aa)
Cct3T-complex protein 1 subunit gamma; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. As part of the TRiC complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (545 aa)
Flot1Flotillin-1; May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes, functionally participating in formation of caveolae or caveolae-like vesicles. (428 aa)
SmoSmoothened homolog; G protein-coupled receptor that probably associates with the patched protein (PTCH) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Binding of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to its receptor patched is thought to prevent normal inhibition by patched of smoothened (SMO) (By similarity). Required for the accumulation of KIF7, GLI2 and GLI3 in the cilia. Interacts with DLG5 at the ciliary base to induce the accumulation of KIF7 and GLI2 at the ciliary tip for GLI2 activation. (793 aa)
PrkraInterferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase activator A; Required for siRNA production by DICER1 and for subsequent siRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Does not seem to be required for processing of pre-miRNA to miRNA by DICER1 (By similarity). Activates EIF2AK2/PKR in the absence of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), leading to phosphorylation of EIF2S1/EFI2-alpha and inhibition of translation and induction of apoptosis. Promotes UBC9- p53/TP53 association and sumoylation and phosphorylation of p53/TP53 at 'Lys-386' at 'Ser-392' respectively and enhance [...] (313 aa)
Pex6Peroxisome assembly factor 2; Involved in peroxisome biosynthesis. Required for stability of the PTS1 receptor. Probably required for protein import into peroxisomes. Anchored by PEX26 to peroxisome membranes, possibly to form heteromeric AAA ATPase complexes required for the import of proteins into peroxisomes (By similarity). (981 aa)
Pik3r1Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha; Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Necessary for the insulin-stimulated increase in glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in insulin-sensitive tissues. Plays an important role in signaling in response to FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, KITLG/SCF, KIT, PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Likewise, plays a role in ITGB2 signaling (By similarity). Modulates the cellular response to ER stress by promoting nucle [...] (724 aa)
Tmem88Transmembrane protein 88; Inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Crucial for heart development and acts downstream of GATA factors in the pre- cardiac mesoderm to specify lineage commitment of cardiomyocyte development (By similarity); Belongs to the TMEM88 family. (159 aa)
Dsg1cDesmoglein-1-gamma; Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. (911 aa)
Zfp207BUB3-interacting and GLEBS motif-containing protein ZNF207; Kinetochore- and microtubule-binding protein that plays a key role in spindle assembly. ZNF207/BuGZ is mainly composed of disordered low-complexity regions and undergoes phase transition or coacervation to form temperature-dependent liquid droplets. Coacervation promotes microtubule bundling and concentrates tubulin, promoting microtubule polymerization and assembly of spindle and spindle matrix by concentrating its building blocks. Also acts as a regulator of mitotic chromosome alignment by mediating the stability and kinetoc [...] (495 aa)
Dnaja3DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 3, mitochondrial; Modulates apoptotic signal transduction or effector structures within the mitochondrial matrix. Affect cytochrome C release from the mitochondria and caspase 3 activation, but not caspase 8 activation. Isoform 1 increases apoptosis triggered by both TNF and the DNA-damaging agent mytomycin C; in sharp contrast, isoform 2 suppresses apoptosis. Can modulate IFN-gamma-mediated transcriptional activity (By similarity). Isoform 2 may play a role in neuromuscular junction development as an effector of the MUSK signaling pathway. (480 aa)
Sugt1Protein SGT1 homolog; May play a role in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. (336 aa)
Bag5BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 5; May function as a nucleotide exchange factor for HSP/HSP70, promoting ADP release, and activating Hsp70-mediated refolding. Inhibits both auto-ubiquitination of PRKN and ubiquitination of target proteins by PRKN (By similarity). (447 aa)
Trex1Three-prime repair exonuclease 1; Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single- stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the pr [...] (314 aa)
Irgm1Immunity-related GTPase family M protein 1; Putative GTPase which is required for IFNG-mediated clearance of acute protozoan and bacterial infections. Functions in innate immune response probably through regulation of autophagy. May regulate proinflammatory cytokine production and prevent endotoxemia upon infection. Required for macrophage motility and possibly also for adhesion. Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family. (409 aa)
Ptges3Prostaglandin E synthase 3; Cytosolic prostaglandin synthase that catalyzes the oxidoreduction of prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 (PGH2) to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Molecular chaperone that localizes to genomic response elements in a hormone-dependent manner and disrupts receptor-mediated transcriptional activation, by promoting disassembly of transcriptional regulatory complexes. Facilitates HIF alpha proteins hydroxylation via interaction with EGLN1/PHD2, leading to recruit EGLN1/PHD2 to the HSP90 pathway; Belongs to the p23/wos2 family. (160 aa)
Wfs1Wolframin; Participates in the regulation of cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis, at least partly, by modulating the filling state of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) store. (890 aa)
IgtpInterferon gamma-induced GTPase. (423 aa)
Atp1b2Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2; This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-2 subunit is not known. (290 aa)
GrnParagranulin; Secreted protein that acts as a key regulator of lysosomal function and as a growth factor involved in inflammation, wound healing and cell proliferation. Regulates protein trafficking to lysosomes and, also the activity of lysosomal enzymes. Facilitates also the acidification of lysosomes, causing degradation of mature CTSD by CTSB. In addition, functions as wound-related growth factor that acts directly on dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells to promote division, migration and the formation of capillary-like tubule structures. Also promotes epithelial cell prolifera [...] (602 aa)
Cog3Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 3; Involved in ER-Golgi transport. (828 aa)
Bag4BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 4; Inhibits the chaperone activity of HSP70/HSC70 by promoting substrate release. Prevents constitutive TNFRSF1A signaling (By similarity). Negative regulator of PRKN translocation to damaged mitochondria (By similarity). (457 aa)
Nop53Ribosome biogenesis protein NOP53; Nucleolar protein which is involved in the integration of the 5S RNP into the ribosomal large subunit during ribosome biogenesis. In ribosome biogenesis, may also play a role in rRNA transcription (By similarity). Also functions as a nucleolar sensor that regulates the activation of p53/TP53 in response to ribosome biogenesis perturbation, DNA damage and other stress conditions. DNA damage or perturbation of ribosome biogenesis disrupt the interaction between NOP53 and RPL11 allowing RPL11 transport to the nucleoplasm where it can inhibit MDM2 and all [...] (484 aa)
Rab3gap1Rab3 GTPase-activating protein catalytic subunit; Probable catalytic subunit of a GTPase activating protein that has specificity for Rab3 subfamily (RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C and RAB3D). Rab3 proteins are involved in regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitters and hormones. Specifically converts active Rab3-GTP to the inactive form Rab3-GDP. Required for normal eye and brain development. May participate in neurodevelopmental processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation before synapse formation, and non-synaptic vesicular release of neurotransmitters (By similarity). (981 aa)
Bag2BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 2; Co-chaperone for HSP70 and HSC70 chaperone proteins. Acts as a nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) promoting the release of ADP from the HSP70 and HSC70 proteins thereby triggering client/substrate protein release. (210 aa)
Mul1Mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase activator of NFKB 1; Exhibits weak E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (By similarity). E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (By similarity). Can ubiquitinate AKT1 preferentially at 'Lys-284' involving 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination and seems to be involved in regulation of Akt signaling by targeting phosphorylated Akt to proteosomal degradation (By similarity). Proposed to preferentially act as a SUMO E3 ligase at phys [...] (352 aa)
Cct2T-complex protein 1 subunit beta; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. As part of the TRiC complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (535 aa)
Ipo9Importin-9; Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates. Is thought to mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran- dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis re [...] (1040 aa)
Crebl2cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-like 2; Probable regulator of CREB1 transcriptional activity which is involved in adipose cells differentiation. May also play a regulatory role in the cell cycle. (123 aa)
Atp1b3Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3; This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-3 subunit is not known. (278 aa)
Smad3Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD3/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. Also can form a SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP- 1/SMAD site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated transcription. Has an inhibitory effect on wound healing probably by modulating both growth and m [...] (425 aa)
PpibPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase B; PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding; Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase B subfamily. (216 aa)
Pin1Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1; Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) that binds to and isomerizes specific phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro (pSer/Thr-Pro) motifs. By inducing conformational changes in a subset of phosphorylated proteins, acts as a molecular switch in multiple cellular processes. Displays a preference for an acidic residue N- terminal to the isomerized proline bond. Regulates mitosis presumably by interacting with NIMA and attenuating its mitosis-promoting activity. Down-regulates kinase activity of BTK. Can transactivate multiple oncogenes and [...] (165 aa)
Apoa1Truncated apolipoprotein A-I; Participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion by promoting cholesterol efflux from tissues and by acting as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). As part of the SPAP complex, activates spermatozoa motility; Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family. (264 aa)
Usp2Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates polyubiquitinated target proteins such as MDM2, MDM4 and CCND1 (By similarity). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 possess both ubiquitin-specific peptidase and isopeptidase activities (By similarity). Deubiquitinates MDM2 without reversing MDM2-mediated p53/TP53 ubiquitination and thus indirectly promotes p53/TP53 degradation and limits p53 activity (By similarity). Has no deubiquitinase activity against p53/TP53 (By similarity). Prevents MDM2-mediated degradation of MDM4 (By similarity). Plays a role in the G1/S cell-cycle [...] (619 aa)
Mt3Metallothionein-3; Binds heavy metals. Contains three zinc and three copper atoms per polypeptide chain and only a negligible amount of cadmium. Inhibits survival and neurite formation of cortical neurons in vitro (By similarity); Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 1 family. (68 aa)
Lamp1Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1; Presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins. Also implicated in tumor cell metastasis. (406 aa)
Hcfc1HCF C-terminal chain 1; Involved in control of the cell cycle. Also antagonizes transactivation by ZBTB17 and GABP2; represses ZBTB17 activation of the p15(INK4b) promoter and inhibits its ability to recruit p300 (By similarity). Coactivator for EGR2 and GABP2 (By similarity). Tethers the chromatin modifying Set1/Ash2 histone H3 'Lys-4' methyltransferase (H3K4me) and Sin3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes (involved in the activation and repression of transcription respectively) together (By similarity). As part of the NSL complex it may be involved in acetylation of nucleosomal hist [...] (2045 aa)
Bag3BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3; Co-chaperone for HSP70 and HSC70 chaperone proteins. Acts as a nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) promoting the release of ADP from the HSP70 and HSC70 proteins thereby triggering client/substrate protein release. Nucleotide release is mediated via its binding to the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of HSPA8/HSC70 where as the substrate release is mediated via its binding to the substrate-binding domain (SBD) of HSPA8/HSC70. Has anti-apoptotic activity. Plays a role in the HSF1 nucleocytoplasmic transport. (577 aa)
TyrobpTYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein; Adapter protein which non-covalently associates with activating receptors found on the surface of a variety of immune cells to mediate signaling and cell activation following ligand binding by the receptors. TYROBP is tyrosine- phosphorylated in the ITAM domain following ligand binding by the associated receptors which leads to activation of additional tyrosine kinases and subsequent cell activation. Also has an inhibitory role in some cells. Non-covalently associates with activating receptors of the CD300 family to mediate cell activation [...] (114 aa)
Atf7ipActivating transcription factor 7-interacting protein 1; Recruiter that couples transcriptional factors to general transcription apparatus and thereby modulates transcription regulation and chromatin formation. Can both act as an activator or a repressor depending on the context. Required for HUSH-mediated heterochromatin formation and gene silencing (By similarity). Mediates MBD1-dependent transcriptional repression, probably by recruiting complexes containing SETDB1. Stabilizes SETDB1, is required to stimulate histone methyltransferase activity of SETDB1 and facilitates the conversio [...] (1306 aa)
Cct7T-complex protein 1 subunit eta; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin; Belongs to the TCP-1 chaperonin family. (544 aa)
TescCalcineurin B homologous protein 3; Functions as an integral cofactor in cell pH regulation by controlling plasma membrane-type Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity. Promotes the maturation, transport, cell surface stability and exchange activity of SLC9A1/NHE1 at the plasma membrane. Promotes the induction of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation toward megakaryocytic lineage. Essential for the coupling of ERK cascade activation with the expression of ETS family genes in megakaryocytic differentiation. Also involved in granulocytic differentiation in a ERK-dependent manner. Inhibits the pho [...] (214 aa)
Dvl1Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1; Participates in Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors. Plays a role both in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Required for LEF1 activation upon WNT1 and WNT3A signaling. DVL1 and PAK1 form a ternary complex with MUSK which is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Belongs [...] (695 aa)
Stx12Syntaxin-12; SNARE that acts to regulate protein transport between late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. The SNARE complex containing STX6, STX12, VAMP4 and VTI1A mediates vesicle fusion (in vitro) (By similarity). Through complex formation with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1 controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting (By similarity). (274 aa)
Pink1Serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial; Protects against mitochondrial dysfunction during cellular stress by phosphorylating mitochondrial proteins. Involved in the clearance of damaged mitochondria via selective autophagy (mitophagy) by mediating activation and translocation of PRKN. Targets PRKN to dysfunctional depolarized mitochondria through the phosphorylation of MFN2 (By similarity). Activates PRKN in 2 steps: (1) by mediating phosphorylation at 'Ser-65' of PRKN and (2) mediating phosphorylation of ubiquitin, converting PRKN to its fully-active form. Required for u [...] (580 aa)
Tspan1Tetraspanin-1. (240 aa)
Saxo1Stabilizer of axonemal microtubules 1. (476 aa)
Bag1BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 1; Co-chaperone for HSP70 and HSC70 chaperone proteins. Acts as a nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) promoting the release of ADP from the HSP70 and HSC70 proteins thereby triggering client/substrate protein release. Nucleotide release is mediated via its binding to the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of HSPA8/HSC70 where as the substrate release is mediated via its binding to the substrate- binding domain (SBD) of HSPA8/HSC70. Inhibits the pro-apoptotic function of PPP1R15A, and has anti-apoptotic activity. Markedly increases the anti-cell death [...] (355 aa)
Efna1Ephrin-A1, secreted form; Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. Plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor neovascularization. The recruitment of VAV2, VAV3 and PI3-kinase p85 subunit by phosphorylated EPHA2 is critical for EFNA1-induced RAC1 GTPase activation and vascular endothelial c [...] (205 aa)
Mfsd1Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 1. (464 aa)
Naa15N-alpha-acetyltransferase 15, NatA auxiliary subunit; Auxillary subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex which displays alpha (N-terminal) acetyltransferase activity. The NAT activity may be important for vascular, hematopoietic and neuronal growth and development. Required to control retinal neovascularization in adult ocular endothelial cells. In complex with XRCC6 and XRCC5 (Ku80), up-regulates transcription from the osteocalcin promoter. (865 aa)
Mcm8DNA helicase MCM8; Component of the MCM8-MCM9 complex, a complex involved in the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DBSs) and DNA interstrand cross- links (ICLs) by homologous recombination (HR). Required for DNA resection by the MRE11-RAD50-NBN/NBS1 (MRN) complex by recruiting the MRN complex to the repair site and by promoting the complex nuclease activity. Probably by regulating the localization of the MNR complex, indirectly regulates the recruitment of downstream effector RAD51 to DNA damage sites including DBSs and ICLs. The MCM8-MCM9 complex is dispensable for DNA replication [...] (833 aa)
Rassf2Ras association domain-containing protein 2; Potential tumor suppressor. Acts as a KRAS-specific effector protein. May promote apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Stabilizes STK3/MST2 by protecting it from proteasomal degradation (By similarity). (326 aa)
DnlzDNL-type zinc finger protein; May function as a co-chaperone towards HSPA9/mortalin which, by itself, is prone to self-aggregation. (177 aa)
Atp1b1Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1; This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The beta subunit regulates, through assembly of alpha/beta heterodimers, the number of sodium pumps transported to the plasma membrane. (304 aa)
Epha4Ephrin type-A receptor 4; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds membrane-bound ephrin family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Highly promiscuous, it has the unique property among Eph receptors to bind and to be physiologically activated by both GPI- anchored ephrin-A and transmembrane ephrin-B ligands including EFNA1 and EFNB3. U [...] (986 aa)
Pdcl3Phosducin-like protein 3; Acts as a chaperone for the angiogenic VEGF receptor KDR/VEGFR2, increasing its abundance by inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation. Inhibits the folding activity of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (CCT) which leads to inhibition of cytoskeletal actin folding (By similarity). Acts as a chaperone during heat shock alongside HSP90 and HSP40/70 chaperone complexes (By similarity). Modulates the activation of caspases during apoptosis (By similarity); Belongs to the phosducin family. (240 aa)
Hspd160 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial; Chaperonin implicated in mitochondrial protein import and macromolecular assembly. Together with Hsp10, facilitates the correct folding of imported proteins. May also prevent misfolding and promote the refolding and proper assembly of unfolded polypeptides generated under stress conditions in the mitochondrial matrix. The functional units of these chaperonins consist of heptameric rings of the large subunit Hsp60, which function as a back-to-back double ring. In a cyclic reaction, Hsp60 ring complexes bind one unfolded substrate protein per rin [...] (573 aa)
Sox17Transcription factor SOX-17; Acts as transcription regulator that binds target promoter DNA and bends the DNA. Binds to the sequences 5'-AACAAT-'3 or 5'-AACAAAG-3'. Modulates transcriptional regulation via WNT3A. Inhibits Wnt signaling. Promotes degradation of activated CTNNB1. Plays a key role in the regulation of embryonic development. Required for normal development of the definitive gut endoderm. Required for normal looping of the embryonic heart tube. Plays an important role in embryonic and postnatal vascular development, including development of arteries. Plays an important role [...] (419 aa)
Smad7Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7; Antagonist of signaling by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) type 1 receptor superfamily members; has been shown to inhibit TGF-beta (Transforming growth factor) and activin signaling by associating with their receptors thus preventing SMAD2 access. Functions as an adapter to recruit SMURF2 to the TGF-beta receptor complex. Also acts by recruiting the PPP1R15A-PP1 complex to TGFBR1, which promotes its dephosphorylation. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a [...] (426 aa)
Cct8T-complex protein 1 subunit theta; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. As part of the TRiC complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (548 aa)
GnaqGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Regulates B-cell selection and survival and is required to prevent B-cell-dependent autoimmunity. Regulates chemotaxis of BM- derived neutrophils and dendritic cells (in vitro). Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily. (359 aa)
Bag6Large proline-rich protein BAG6; ATP-independent molecular chaperone preventing the aggregation of misfolded and hydrophobic patches-containing proteins. Functions as part of a cytosolic protein quality control complex, the BAG6/BAT3 complex, which maintains these client proteins in a soluble state and participates to their proper delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum or alternatively can promote their sorting to the proteasome where they undergo degradation. The BAG6/BAT3 complex is involved in the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored/type II transmembrane proteins to the endo [...] (1154 aa)
Pim1Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1; Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation and thus providing a selective advantage in tumorigenesis. Exerts its oncogenic activity through: the regulation of MYC transcriptional activity, the regulation of cell cycle progression and by phosphorylation and inhibition of proapoptotic proteins (BAD, MAP3K5, FOXO3). Phosphorylation of MYC leads to an increase of MYC protein stability and thereby an increase of transcriptional activity. The stabilization of MYC exerted by PIM1 might explain pa [...] (313 aa)
Hsp90ab1Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co- chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Engages with a range of client protein classes via its interact [...] (724 aa)
WrbTail-anchored protein insertion receptor WRB; Receptor for ASNA1/TRC40-mediated insertion of tail-anchored (TA) proteins into the ER membrane. (174 aa)
Wnt10bProtein Wnt-10b; Member of the Wnt ligand gene family that encodes for secreted proteins, which activate the Wnt signaling cascade. Specifically activates canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and thus triggers beta-catenin/LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs. Involved in signaling networks controlling stemness, pluripotency and cell fate decisions. Acts in the immune system, mammary gland, adipose tissue, bone and skin; Belongs to the Wnt family. (389 aa)
Rabl3Rab-like protein 3. (236 aa)
Gpihbp1Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1; Mediates the transport of lipoprotein lipase LPL from the basolateral to the apical surface of endothelial cells in capillaries. Anchors LPL on the surface of endothelial cells in the lumen of blood capillaries. Thereby, plays an important role in lipolytic processing of chylomicrons by LPL, triglyceride metabolism and lipid homeostasis. Binds chylomicrons and phospholipid particles that contain APOA5. Binds high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and plays a role in the uptake of lipids from HDL. (228 aa)
Cct5T-complex protein 1 subunit epsilon; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. As part of the TRiC complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (541 aa)
CluClusterin alpha chain; Functions as extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of non native proteins. Prevents stress-induced aggregation of blood plasma proteins (By similarity). Inhibits formation of amyloid fibrils by APP, APOC2, B2M, CALCA, CSN3, SNCA and aggregation-prone LYZ variants (in vitro). Does not require ATP. Maintains partially unfolded proteins in a state appropriate for subsequent refolding by other chaperones, such as HSPA8/HSC70. Does not refold proteins by itself. Binding to cell surface receptors triggers internalization of the chaperone-client complex and [...] (448 aa)
Naa16N-alpha-acetyltransferase 16, NatA auxiliary subunit; Auxillary subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex which displays alpha (N-terminal) acetyltransferase activity. (864 aa)
CcnhCyclin-H; Regulates CDK7, the catalytic subunit of the CDK-activating kinase (CAK) enzymatic complex. CAK activates the cyclin-associated kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6 by threonine phosphorylation. CAK complexed to the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor activates RNA polymerase II by serine phosphorylation of the repetitive C-terminal domain (CTD) of its large subunit (POLR2A), allowing its escape from the promoter and elongation of the transcripts. Involved in cell cycle control and in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. Its expression and activity are constant throughout t [...] (323 aa)
CamlCalcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand; Likely involved in the mobilization of calcium as a result of the TCR/CD3 complex interaction. Binds to cyclophilin B. (294 aa)
Sav1Protein salvador homolog 1; Regulator of STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleu [...] (386 aa)
Ube2bUbiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 B; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In association with the E3 enzyme BRE1 (RNF20 and/or RNF40), it plays a role in transcription regulation by catalyzing the monoubiquitination of histone H2B at 'Lys- 120' to form H2BK120ub1. H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, elongation by RNA polymerase II, telomeric silencing, and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11'-, as well as 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiqui [...] (152 aa)
NclnNicalin; May antagonize Nodal signaling and subsequent organization of axial structures during mesodermal patterning. (563 aa)
Rab21Ras-related protein Rab-21; Regulates integrin internalization and recycling, but does not influence the traffic of endosomally translocated receptors in general. As a result, may regulate cell adhesion and migration. During the mitosis of adherent cells, controls the endosomal trafficking of integrins which is required for the successful completion of cytokinesis. Involved in neurite growth (By similarity). Following SBF2/MTMT13-mediated activation in response to starvation-induced autophagy, binds to and regulates SNARE protein VAMP8 endolysosomal transport required for SNARE-mediate [...] (222 aa)
Cdc37Hsp90 co-chaperone Cdc37, N-terminally processed; Co-chaperone that binds to numerous kinases and promotes their interaction with the Hsp90 complex, resulting in stabilization and promotion of their activity. Inhibits HSP90AA1 ATPase activity (By similarity); Belongs to the CDC37 family. (379 aa)
CryaaAlpha-crystallin A chain; Contributes to the transparency and refractive index of the lens (By similarity). Has chaperone-like activity, preventing aggregation of various proteins under a wide range of stress conditions (By similarity). Required for the correct formation of lens intermediate filaments as part of a complex composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (By similarity). (196 aa)
Ncor1Nuclear receptor corepressor 1; Mediates transcriptional repression by certain nuclear receptors. Part of a complex which promotes histone deacetylation and the formation of repressive chromatin structures which may impede the access of basal transcription factors. Participates in the transcriptional repressor activity produced by BCL6. Recruited by ZBTB7A to the androgen response elements/ARE on target genes, negatively regulates androgen receptor signaling and androgen-induced cell proliferation (By similarity). Mediates the NR1D1-dependent repression and circadian regulation of TSHB [...] (2454 aa)
Stk3Serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 20kDa subunit; Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regul [...] (497 aa)
Pfn1Profilin-1; Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations. By binding to PIP2, it inhibits the formation of IP3 and DG. Inhibits androgen receptor (AR) and HTT aggregation and binding of G-actin is essential for its inhibition of AR (By similarity). (140 aa)
Stk4Serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 18kDa subunit; Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regul [...] (487 aa)
Chp1Calcineurin B homologous protein 1; Calcium-binding protein involved in different processes such as regulation of vesicular trafficking, plasma membrane Na(+)/H(+) exchanger and gene transcription. Involved in the constitutive exocytic membrane traffic. Mediates the association between microtubules and membrane-bound organelles of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and is also required for the targeting and fusion of transcytotic vesicles (TCV) with the plasma membrane. Functions as an integral cofactor in cell pH regulation by controlling plasma membrane- type Na(+)/H(+) ex [...] (195 aa)
CalrCalreticulin; Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER. Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of NR3C1 and mediates its nuclear export. Involved in maternal gene expression regulation. May participate in oocyte maturation via the regulation of calcium homeostasis (By similarity); Belongs to the calreticulin family. (416 aa)
Phb2Prohibitin-2; Acts as a mediator of transcriptional repression by nuclear hormone receptors via recruitment of histone deacetylases. Functions as an estrogen receptor (ER)-selective coregulator that potentiates the inhibitory activities of antiestrogens and represses the activity of estrogens. Competes with NCOA1 for modulation of ER transcriptional activity. In mitochondria, regulates cytochrome-c oxidase assembly (COX) and mitochondrial respiration. Binding to sphingoid 1-phosphate (SPP) modulates its regulator activity. Belongs to the prohibitin family. (299 aa)
Usp19Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 19; Deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates the degradation of various proteins. Deubiquitinates and prevents proteasomal degradation of RNF123 which in turn stimulates CDKN1B ubiquitin-dependent degradation thereby playing a role in cell proliferation. Involved in decreased protein synthesis in atrophying skeletal muscle. Modulates transcription of major myofibrillar proteins. Also involved in turnover of endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates (By similarity). Regulates the stability of BIRC2/c-IAP1 and BIRC3/c-IAP2 by preve [...] (1360 aa)
PtenPhosphatase and tensin homolog; In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement (By similarity). Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate with order of subst [...] (403 aa)
Cct6aT-complex protein 1 subunit zeta; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (532 aa)
Dsc3Desmocollin-3; Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. May contribute to epidermal cell positioning (stratification) by mediating differential adhesiveness between cells that express different isoforms. (896 aa)
Pim2Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-2; Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation. Exerts its oncogenic activity through: the regulation of MYC transcriptional activity, the regulation of cell cycle progression, the regulation of cap-dependent protein translation and through survival signaling by phosphorylation of a pro- apoptotic protein, BAD. Phosphorylation of MYC leads to an increase of MYC protein stability and thereby an increase of transcriptional activity. The stabilization of MYC exerted by PIM2 might explain partly t [...] (370 aa)
Gtpbp4Nucleolar GTP-binding protein 1; Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit. (634 aa)
MtrrMethionine synthase reductase; Involved in the reductive regeneration of cob(I)alamin (vitamin B12) cofactor required for the maintenance of methionine synthase in a functional state. Necessary for utilization of methylgroups from the folate cycle, thereby affecting transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Folate pathway donates methyl groups necessary for cellular methylation and affects different pathways such as DNA methylation, possibly explaining the transgenerational epigenetic inheritance effects. (696 aa)
Zbed3Zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 3; Acts as a positive regulator in the activation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway by stabilizing cytoplasmic beta-catenin. Involved in transcription activation of Wnt target gene expression. (228 aa)
CryabAlpha-crystallin B chain; May contribute to the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Has chaperone-like activity, preventing aggregation of various proteins under a wide range of stress conditions. (175 aa)
Morc3MORC family CW-type zinc finger protein 3; Nuclear factor which forms MORC3-NBs (nuclear bodies) via an ATP-dependent mechanism (By similarity). Sumoylated MORC3-NBs can also associate with PML-NBs (By similarity). Recruits TP53 and SP100 to PML- NBs, thus regulating TP53 activity. Binds RNA in vitro (By similarity). (942 aa)
Usp29Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 29; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (869 aa)
Usp33Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 33; Deubiquitinating enzyme involved in various processes such as centrosome duplication, cellular migration and beta-2 adrenergic receptor/ADRB2 recycling. Involved in regulation of centrosome duplication by mediating deubiquitination of CCP110 in S and G2/M phase, leading to stabilize CCP110 during the period which centrioles duplicate and elongate. Involved in cell migration via its interaction with intracellular domain of ROBO1, leading to regulate the Slit signaling. Plays a role in commissural axon guidance cross the ventral midline of the ne [...] (909 aa)
Gm28635Predicted gene 28635. (938 aa)
PrknE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin; Functions within a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins, such as BCL2, SYT11, CCNE1, GPR37, RHOT1/MIRO1, MFN1, MFN2, STUB1, SNCAIP, SEPTIN5, TOMM20, USP30, ZNF746 and AIMP2. Mediates monoubiquitination as well as 'Lys-6', 'Lys-11', 'Lys-48'-linked and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of substrates depending on the context. Participates in the removal and/or detoxification of abnormally folded or damaged protein by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of mi [...] (464 aa)
Taf9TATA-box binding protein associated factor 9. (264 aa)
Apbb1Amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1; Adapter protein that forms a transcriptionally active complex with the gamma-secretase-derived amyloid precursor protein (APP) intracellular domain. Plays a central role in the response to DNA damage by translocating to the nucleus and inducing apoptosis. May act by specifically recognizing and binding histone H2AX phosphorylated on 'Tyr-142' (H2AXY142ph) at double-strand breaks (DSBs), recruiting other pro-apoptosis factors such as MAPK8/JNK1. Required for histone H4 acetylation at double-strand breaks (DSBs). Its ability to [...] (710 aa)
Usp27xUbiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 27; Deubiquitinase that can reduce the levels of BCL2L11/BIM ubiquitination and stabilize BCL2L11 in response to the RAF-MAPK- degradation signal. By acting on BCL2L11 levels, may counteract the anti-apoptotic effects of MAPK activity; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (438 aa)
Pin1rt1Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase. (159 aa)
Ank2Ankyrin-2; Plays an essential role in the localization and membrane stabilization of ion transporters and ion channels in several cell types, including cardiomyocytes, as well as in striated muscle cells. In skeletal muscle, required for proper localization of DMD and DCTN4 and for the formation and/or stability of a special subset of microtubules associated with costameres and neuromuscular junctions. In cardiomyocytes, required for coordinate assembly of Na/Ca exchanger, SLC8A1/NCX1, Na/K ATPases ATP1A1 and ATP1A2 and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptors at sarcoplasmic ret [...] (3900 aa)
GlmpGlycosylated lysosomal membrane protein. (404 aa)
D7Ertd443e(E2-independent) E3 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme FATS; Tumor suppressor that is required to sustain G2/M checkpoint after DNA damage. Acts as a p53/TP53 activator by inhibiting MDM2 binding to p53/TP53 and stimulating non-proteolytic polyubiquitination of p53/TP53. Exhibits ubiquitin ligase (E3) activity and assemble ubiquitin polymers through 'Lys-11'- (K11-), 'Lys-29'- (K29-) and 'Lys-63'- (K63)-linkages, independently of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2). Promotes p53/TP53-dependent transcription of CDKN1A/p21, leading to robust checkpoint response. Mediates CDKN1A/p21 protein s [...] (691 aa)
Wdr81WD repeat-containing protein 81; Functions as a negative regulator of the PI3 kinase/PI3K activity associated with endosomal membranes via BECN1, a core subunit of the PI3K complex. By modifying the phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate/PtdInsP3 content of endosomal membranes may regulate endosome fusion, recycling, sorting and early to late endosome transport. It is for instance, required for the delivery of cargos like BST2/tetherin from early to late endosome and thereby participates indirectly to their degradation by the lysosome. May also play a role in aggrephagy, the macroautophagic [...] (1934 aa)
Hspa1bHeat shock 70 kDa protein 1B; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and AD [...] (642 aa)
Cct4T-complex protein 1 subunit delta; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. As part of the TRiC complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (539 aa)
Apopt1Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 8; Required for cytochrome c complex (COX) IV assembly and function Protects COX assembly from oxidation-induced degradation, COX being the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Belongs to the COA8 family. (194 aa)
Dvl3Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3; Involved in the signal transduction pathway mediated by multiple Wnt genes; Belongs to the DSH family. (718 aa)
Pdcd10Programmed cell death protein 10; Promotes cell proliferation. Modulates apoptotic pathways. Increases mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and STK26 activity. Important for cell migration, and for normal structure and assembly of the Golgi complex (By similarity). Important for KDR/VEGFR2 signaling. Increases the stability of KDR/VEGFR2 and prevents its breakdown. Required for normal cardiovascular development. Required for normal angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis during embryonic development (By similarity); Belongs to the PDCD10 family. (212 aa)
Usp7Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins such as FOXO4, p53/TP53, MDM2, ERCC6, DNMT1, UHRF1, PTEN, KMT2E and DAXX. Together with DAXX, prevents MDM2 self-ubiquitination and enhances the E3 ligase activity of MDM2 towards p53/TP53, thereby promoting p53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Deubiquitinates p53/TP53, preventing degradation of p53/TP53, and enhances p53/TP53-dependent transcription regulation, cell growth repression and apoptosis. Deubiquitinates p53/TP53 and MDM2 and strongly stabilizes p53/TP53 even in the presen [...] (1103 aa)
Apbb2Amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 2; May modulate the internalization of amyloid-beta precursor protein. (760 aa)
PhbProhibitin; Prohibitin inhibits DNA synthesis. It has a role in regulating proliferation. As yet it is unclear if the protein or the mRNA exhibits this effect. May play a role in regulating mitochondrial respiration activity and in aging (By similarity). (272 aa)
NlkSerine/threonine-protein kinase NLK; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that regulates a number of transcription factors with key roles in cell fate determination. Positive effector of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, acting downstream of WNT5A, MAP3K7/TAK1 and HIPK2. Activation of this pathway causes binding to and phosphorylation of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1. The NLK-SETDB1 complex subsequently interacts with PPARG, leading to methylation of PPARG target promoters at histone H3K9 and transcriptional silencing. The resulting loss of PPARG target gene transcription inhi [...] (527 aa)
Stxbp4Syntaxin-binding protein 4; Plays a role in the translocation of transport vesicles from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. Inhibits the translocation of SLC2A4 from intracellular vesicles to the plasma membrane by STX4A binding and preventing the interaction between STX4A and VAMP2. Stimulation with insulin disrupts the interaction with STX4A, leading to increased levels of SLC2A4 at the plasma membrane. May also play a role in the regulation of insulin release by pancreatic beta cells after stimulation by glucose. (557 aa)
Tcp1T-complex protein 1 subunit alpha; Component of the chaperonin-containing T-complex (TRiC), a molecular chaperone complex that assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. The TRiC complex mediates the folding of WRAP53/TCAB1, thereby regulating telomere maintenance. As part of the TRiC complex may play a role in the assembly of BBSome, a complex involved in ciliogenesis regulating transports vesicles to the cilia. The TRiC complex plays a role in the folding of actin and tubulin. (556 aa)
Syvn1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase synoviolin; Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin specifically from endoplasmic reticulum-associated UBC7 E2 ligase and transfers it to substrates, promoting their degradation. Component of the endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) system also called ER-associated degradation (ERAD) involved in ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins. Also promotes the degradation of normal but naturally short-lived proteins such as SGK. Protects cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis. Sequesters p53/TP53 in [...] (612 aa)
GapdhGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubu [...] (359 aa)
Golga7Golgin subfamily A member 7; May be involved in protein transport from Golgi to cell surface. The ZDHHC9-GOLGA7 complex is a palmitoyltransferase specific for HRAS and NRAS (By similarity). (137 aa)
Tbrg1Transforming growth factor beta regulator 1; Acts as a growth inhibitor. Can activate p53/TP53, causes G1 arrest and collaborates with CDKN2A to restrict proliferation, but does not require either protein to inhibit DNA synthesis. Redistributes CDKN2A into the nucleoplasm. Involved in maintaining chromosomal stability. (406 aa)
Telo2Telomere length regulation protein TEL2 homolog; Regulator of the DNA damage response (DDR). Part of the TTT complex that is required to stabilize protein levels of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) family proteins. The TTT complex is involved in the cellular resistance to DNA damage stresses, like ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet (UV) and mitomycin C (MMC). Together with the TTT complex and HSP90 may participate in the proper folding of newly synthesized PIKKs. Promotes assembly, stabilizes and maintains the activity of mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes, wh [...] (840 aa)
FlnaFilamin-A; Actin binding protein that promotes orthogonal branching of actin filaments and links actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. Anchors various transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton and serves as a scaffold for a wide range of cytoplasmic signaling proteins (By similarity). Interaction with FLNB may allow neuroblast migration from the ventricular zone into the cortical plate. Tethers cell surface-localized furin, modulates its rate of internalization and directs its intracellular trafficking. Involved in ciliogenesis. Plays a role in cell-cell contacts and adhere [...] (2639 aa)
Tsc1Hamartin; In complex with TSC2, inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling (By similarity). Implicated as a tumor suppressor. Involved in microtubule-mediated protein transport, but this seems to be due to unregulated mTOR signaling. Acts as a co-chaperone for HSP90AA1 facilitating HSP90AA1 chaperoning of protein clients such as kinases, TSC2 and glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1. Increases ATP binding to HSP90AA1 and inhibits HSP90AA1 ATPase activity. Competes with the activating co-chaperone AH [...] (1161 aa)
Taf9bTranscription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9B; Essential for cell viability. TAF9 and TAF9B are involved in transcriptional activation as well as repression of distinct but overlapping sets of genes. May have a role in gene regulation associated with apoptosis. TAFs are components of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, the TBP-free TAFII complex (TFTC), the PCAF histone acetylase complex and the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. TFIID or TFTC are essential for the regulation of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription (By similarity). (293 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Mus musculus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10090
Other names: LK3 transgenic mice, M. musculus, Mus sp. 129SV, house mouse, mouse, nude mice, transgenic mice
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