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| | Cpeb4 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), an uridine-rich sequence element (consensus sequence 5'-UUUUUAU-3') within the mRNA 3'-UTR. RNA binding results in a clear conformational change analogous to the Venus fly trap mechanism (By similarity). Regulates activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) in the process of adaptation to ER stress in liver, by maintaining translation of CPE- regulated mRNAs in conditions in which global protein synthesis is inhibited. Required for [...] (729 aa) |
| | Mcts1 | Malignant T-cell-amplified sequence 1; Anti-oncogene that plays a role in cell cycle regulation; decreases cell doubling time and anchorage-dependent growth; shortens the duration of G1 transit time and G1/S transition. When constitutively expressed, increases CDK4 and CDK6 kinases activity and CCND1/cyclin D1 protein level, as well as G1 cyclin/CDK complex formation. Involved in translation initiation; promotes recruitment of aminoacetyled initiator tRNA to P site of 40S ribosomes. Can promote release of deacylated tRNA and mRNA from recycled 40S subunits following ABCE1-mediated diss [...] (181 aa) |
| | Eif2b5 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit epsilon; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP; Belongs to the eIF-2B gamma/epsilon subunits family. (717 aa) |
| | Eif3g | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G; RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre- initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termi [...] (320 aa) |
| | Eif2b2 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit beta; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP; Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. (351 aa) |
| | Eif1b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1b; Probably involved in translation. (113 aa) |
| | Dazl | Deleted in azoospermia-like; RNA-binding protein, which is essential for gametogenesis in both males and females. Plays a central role during spermatogenesis. Acts by binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA, specifically recognizing GUU triplets, and thereby regulating the translation of key transcripts. (298 aa) |
| | Shmt1 | Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic; Interconversion of serine and glycine. (478 aa) |
| | Mtrf1l | Peptide chain release factor 1-like, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial peptide chain release factor that directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codons UAA and UAG. (373 aa) |
| | Dhfr | Dihydrofolate reductase; Key enzyme in folate metabolism. Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway. Catalyzes an essential reaction for de novo glycine and purine synthesis, and for DNA precursor synthesis. Binds its own mRNA. (187 aa) |
| | Mtrf1 | Peptide chain release factor 1, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial peptide chain release factor that directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain non-cognate termination stop codons AGG and AGA. (446 aa) |
| | Eif3h | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit H; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (352 aa) |
| | Eif3e | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit E; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (445 aa) |
| | Denr | Density-regulated protein; May be involved in the translation of target mRNAs by scanning and recognition of the initiation codon. Involved in translation initiation; promotes recruitment of aminoacetyled initiator tRNA to P site of 40S ribosomes. Can promote release of deacylated tRNA and mRNA from recycled 40S subunits following ABCE1-mediated dissociation of post-termination ribosomal complexes into subunits (By similarity); Belongs to the DENR family. (198 aa) |
| | Gtpbp2 | GTP-binding protein 2. (602 aa) |
| | Etf1 | Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor subunit 1; Directs the termination of nascent peptide synthesis (translation) in response to the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA (By similarity). Component of the transient SURF complex which recruits UPF1 to stalled ribosomes in the context of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons (By similarity). Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. (437 aa) |
| | Eif1ad | Probable RNA-binding protein EIF1AD; Plays a role into cellular response to oxidative stress. Decreases cell proliferation (By similarity). (170 aa) |
| | Eif3a | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A; RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre- initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termi [...] (1344 aa) |
| | Shmt2 | Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the cleavage of serine to glycine accompanied with the production of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, an essential intermediate for purine biosynthesis (By similarity). Serine provides the major source of folate one-carbon in cells by catalyzing the transfer of one carbon from serine to tetrahydrofolate (By similarity). Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway via its role in glycine and tetrahydrofolate metabolism: thymidylate biosynthesis is required to prevent uracil accumulation in mtDNA (By s [...] (504 aa) |
| | Paip1 | Polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 1; Acts as a coactivator in the regulation of translation initiation of poly(A)-containing mRNAs. Its stimulatory activity on translation is mediated via its action on PABPC1. Competes with PAIP2 for binding to PABPC1. Its association with EIF4A and PABPC1 may potentiate contacts between mRNA termini. May also be involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA- binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant o [...] (400 aa) |
| | Tyms | Thymidylate synthase; Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway. (307 aa) |
| | Eif5b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B; Plays a role in translation initiation. Translational GTPase that catalyzes the joining of the 40S and 60S subunits to form the 80S initiation complex with the initiator methionine-tRNA in the P-site base paired to the start codon. GTP binding and hydrolysis induces conformational changes in the enzyme that renders it active for productive interactions with the ribosome. The release of the enzyme after formation of the initiation complex is a prerequisite to form elongation-competent ribosomes. (1216 aa) |
| | Eif3m | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit M; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (374 aa) |
| | Eif3j1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit J-A; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination rib [...] (261 aa) |
| | Eif6 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6; Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. Behaves as a stimulatory translation initiation factor downstream insulin/growth factors. Is also involved in ribosome biogenesis. Associates with pre-60S subunits in the nucleus and is involved in its nuclear export. Cytoplasmic release of TIF6 from 60S subunits and nuclear relocalization is promoted by a RACK1 (RACK1)- dependent protein kinase C activity. In tissues responsive to insulin, contro [...] (245 aa) |
| | Eif2a | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A, N-terminally processed; Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis of a small number of specific mRNAs. Acts by directing the binding of methionyl- tRNAi to 40S ribosomal subunits. In contrast to the eIF-2 complex, it binds methionyl-tRNAi to 40S subunits in a codon-dependent manner, whereas the eIF-2 complex binds methionyl-tRNAi to 40S subunits in a GTP-dependent manner. (581 aa) |
| | Eif4e | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. May play an important role in spermatogenesis through translational regulation of stage-specific mRNAs during germ cell development (By similarity). Its translation stimulation activity is repressed by binding to the complex CYFIP1-FMR1. Component of the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex which binds to the mRNA cap and mediates translat [...] (217 aa) |
| | Eif2b1 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit alpha; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP; Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. (305 aa) |
| | Eif4e3 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 3; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis. May act as an inhibitor of EIF4E1 activity. (207 aa) |
| | Abtb1 | Ankyrin repeat and BTB/POZ domain-containing protein 1; May act as a mediator of the PTEN growth-suppressive signaling pathway. May play a role in developmental processes (By similarity). (478 aa) |
| | Eif3c | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit C; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (911 aa) |
| | Eif3f | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit F; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (361 aa) |
| | Tceal6 | Transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 6. (200 aa) |
| | Dhx29 | ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX29; ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in translation initiation. Part of the 43S pre-initiation complex that is required for efficient initiation on mRNAs of higher eukaryotes with structured 5'-UTRs by promoting efficient NTPase-dependent 48S complex formation. Specifically binds to the 40S ribosome near the mRNA entrance. Does not possess a processive helicase activity; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. (1365 aa) |
| | Abcf1 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family F member 1; Required for efficient Cap- and IRES-mediated mRNA translation initiation. Not involved in the ribosome biogenesis (By similarity); Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCF family. EF3 subfamily. (837 aa) |
| | Eif3l | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit L; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (564 aa) |
| | Eif1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1; Necessary for scanning and involved in initiation site selection. Promotes the assembly of 48S ribosomal complexes at the authentic initiation codon of a conventional capped mRNA (By similarity); Belongs to the SUI1 family. (113 aa) |
| | Tsfm | Elongation factor Ts, mitochondrial; Associates with the EF-Tu.GDP complex and induces the exchange of GDP to GTP. It remains bound to the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF- Tu.GTP complex up to the GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome. Belongs to the EF-Ts family. (324 aa) |
| | Eef1a1 | Elongation factor 1-alpha 1; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. With PARP1 and TXK, forms a complex that acts as a T helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific transcription factor and binds the promoter of IFN-gamma to directly regulate its transcription, and is thus involved importantly in Th1 cytokine production. (462 aa) |
| | Gtpbp1 | GTP-binding protein 1; Promotes degradation of target mRNA species. Plays a role in the regulation of circadian mRNA stability. Binds GTP and has GTPase activity (By similarity). (668 aa) |
| | Efl1 | Elongation factor-like GTPase 1; Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit and translational activation of ribosomes. Together with SBDS, triggers the GTP-dependent release of EIF6 from 60S pre-ribosomes in the cytoplasm, thereby activating ribosomes for translation competence by allowing 80S ribosome assembly and facilitating EIF6 recycling to the nucleus, where it is required for 60S rRNA processing and nuclear export. Has low intrinsic GTPase activity. GTPase activity is increased by contact with 60S ribosome subunits (By similarity); Belongs to the TRAFAC class transl [...] (1127 aa) |
| | Eef2 | Elongation factor 2; Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily. (858 aa) |
| | Eef2k | Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase; Threonine kinase that regulates protein synthesis by controlling the rate of peptide chain elongation. Upon activation by a variety of upstream kinases including AMPK or TRPM7, phosphorylates the elongation factor EEF2 at a single site, renders it unable to bind ribosomes and thus inactive. In turn, the rate of protein synthesis is reduced. (724 aa) |
| | Eif5a | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. With syntenin SDCBP, functions as a regulator of p53/TP53 and p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis. Regulates also TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis. Mediates effects of polyamines on neuronal process extension and survival. May play an import [...] (154 aa) |
| | Eif5a2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Functions as a regulator of apoptosis. Mediates effects of polyamines on neuronal process extension and survival. May play an important role in brain development and function, and in skeletal muscle stem cell differentiation (By s [...] (153 aa) |
| | Paip2b | Polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 2B; Inhibits translation of capped and polyadenylated mRNAs by displacing PABPC1 from the poly(A) tail. Belongs to the PAIP2 family. (136 aa) |
| | Eif3j2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit J-B; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination rib [...] (263 aa) |
| | Eef1a2 | Elongation factor 1-alpha 2; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. (463 aa) |
| | Pcbp1 | Poly(rC)-binding protein 1; Single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that binds preferentially to oligo dC. (356 aa) |
| | Eif2s3x | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3, X-linked; As a subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), involved in the early steps of protein synthesis. In the presence of GTP, eIF2 forms a ternary complex with initiator tRNA Met-tRNAi and then recruits the 40S ribosomal complex, a step that determines the rate of protein translation. This step is followed by mRNA binding to form the 43S pre-initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF2 and release of an eIF2-GDP binary com [...] (472 aa) |
| | Pura | Transcriptional activator protein Pur-alpha; This is a probable transcription activator that specifically binds the purine-rich single strand of the PUR element located upstream of the c-Myc gene. May play a role in the initiation of DNA replication and in recombination. (321 aa) |
| | Mtif3 | Translation initiation factor IF-3, mitochondrial; IF-3 binds to the 28S ribosomal subunit and shifts the equilibrum between 55S ribosomes and their 39S and 28S subunits in favor of the free subunits, thus enhancing the availability of 28S subunits on which protein synthesis initiation begins. (276 aa) |
| | Eif2d | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2D; Translation initiation factor that is able to deliver tRNA to the P-site of the eukaryotic ribosome in a GTP-independent manner. The binding of Met-tRNA(I) occurs after the AUG codon finds its position in the P-site of 40S ribosomes, the situation that takes place during initiation complex formation on some specific RNAs. Its activity in tRNA binding with 40S subunits does not require the presence of the aminoacyl moiety. Possesses the unique ability to deliver non-Met (elongator) tRNAs into the P-site of the 40S subunit. In addition to its [...] (570 aa) |
| | Tceal5 | Transcription elongation factor A protein-like 5; May be involved in transcriptional regulation; Belongs to the TFS-II family. TFA subfamily. (200 aa) |
| | Eif3k | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit K; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (218 aa) |
| | Rara | Retinoic acid receptor alpha; Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone deacetylation, chromatin condensation and transcri [...] (462 aa) |
| | Eif2s1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1; Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre- initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF- 2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed [...] (315 aa) |
| | Gfm1 | Elongation factor G, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome. Does not mediate the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of mito [...] (751 aa) |
| | 2810006K23Rik | Probable peptide chain release factor C12orf65 homolog, mitochondrial; May act as a codon-independent translation release factor that has lost all stop codon specificity and directs the termination of translation in mitochondrion. May help rescuing stalled mitoribosomes during translation (By similarity). (184 aa) |
| | Eif1a | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Cpeb3 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein which acts as a translational repressor in the basal unstimulated state but, following neuronal stimulation, acts as a translational activator. In contrast to CPEB1, does not bind to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), a uridine-rich sequence element within the mRNA 3'-UTR, but binds to a U-rich loop within a stem-loop structure. Required for the consolidation and maintenance of hippocampal-based long term memory. In the basal state, binds to the mRNA 3'-UTR of the glutamate receptor [...] (716 aa) |
| | Gspt1 | Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor GTP-binding subunit ERF3A; Involved in translation termination in response to the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA (By similarity). Stimulates the activity of ETF1 (By similarity). Involved in regulation of mammalian cell growth. Component of the transient SURF complex which recruits UPF1 to stalled ribosomes in the context of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons (By similarity). Required for SHFL-mediated translation termination which inhibits programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1PRF) of mRNA from viruses a [...] (636 aa) |
| | Eif4g3 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3; Probable component of the protein complex eIF4F, which is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of mRNA to the ribosome. Thought to be a functional homolog of EIF4G1 (By similarity). (1578 aa) |
| | Eif1ax | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits (By similarity). (144 aa) |
| | Boll | Protein boule-like; Probable RNA-binding protein, which may be required during spermatogenesis. May act by binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNAs and regulating their translation (By similarity); Belongs to the RRM DAZ family. (293 aa) |
| | Eif2s3y | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3, Y-linked; As a subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), involved in the early steps of protein synthesis. In the presence of GTP, eIF2 forms a ternary complex with initiator tRNA Met-tRNAi and then recruits the 40S ribosomal complex, a step that determines the rate of protein translation. This step is followed by mRNA binding to form the 43S pre-initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF2 and release of an eIF2-GDP binary com [...] (472 aa) |
| | Mtif2 | Translation initiation factor IF-2, mitochondrial; One of the essential components for the initiation of protein synthesis. Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex (By similarity). (727 aa) |
| | Eef1g | Elongation factor 1-gamma; Probably plays a role in anchoring the complex to other cellular components. (437 aa) |
| | Tufm | Elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial; Promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. Plays also a role in the regulation of autophagy and innate immunity. Recruits ATG5-ATG12 and NLRX1 at mitochondria and serves as a checkpoint of the RIG- I/DDX58-MAVS pathway. In turn, inhibits RLR-mediated type I interferon while promoting autophagy; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. (452 aa) |
| | Eif2s2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2; eIF-2 functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyz [...] (331 aa) |
| | Eif3d | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D; mRNA cap-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, a complex required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl- tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required [...] (548 aa) |
| | Eif3b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B; RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre- initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termi [...] (803 aa) |
| | Gm5662 | Predicted gene, EG435337; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Tcea2 | Transcription elongation factor A protein 2; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by S-II allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'-terminus. (299 aa) |
| | Eif3i | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (325 aa) |
| | Eif2b3 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, subunit 3. (452 aa) |
| | Mif4gd | MIF4G domain-containing protein; Functions in replication-dependent translation of histone mRNAs which differ from other eukaryotic mRNAs in that they do not end with a poly-A tail but a stem-loop. May participate in circularizing those mRNAs specifically enhancing their translation (By similarity). Belongs to the MIF4GD family. (222 aa) |
| | Eef1d | Elongation factor 1-delta; [Isoform 1]: EF-1-beta and EF-1-delta stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to EF-1-alpha to GTP, regenerating EF-1-alpha for another round of transfer of aminoacyl-tRNAs to the ribosome. (660 aa) |
| | Gm2016 | Predicted gene 2016; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | BB287469 | Expressed sequence BB287469; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Gm8300 | Predicted pseudogene 8332; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Eif4e2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation. Acts as a repressor of translation initiation (By similarity). In contrast to EIF4E, it is unable to bind eIF4G (EIF4G1, EIF4G2 or EIF4G3), suggesting that it acts by competing with EIF4E and block assembly of eIF4F at the cap. (245 aa) |
| | Gspt2 | Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor GTP-binding subunit ERF3B; Involved in translation termination in response to the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA. May play a role as a potent stimulator of the release factor activity of ETF1. Exhibits GTPase activity, which is ribosome- and ETF1-dependent. May play a role in cell cycle progression. Component of the transient SURF complex which recruits UPF1 to stalled ribosomes in the context of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons (By similarity). (632 aa) |
| | Eif2b4 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit delta; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP. (544 aa) |
| | Eif4a2 | Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-II; ATP-dependent RNA helicase which is a subunit of the eIF4F complex involved in cap recognition and is required for mRNA binding to ribosome. In the current model of translation initiation, eIF4A unwinds RNA secondary structures in the 5'-UTR of mRNAs which is necessary to allow efficient binding of the small ribosomal subunit, and subsequent scanning for the initiator codon; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily. (408 aa) |
| | Eif4g1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1; Component of the protein complex eIF4F, which is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of mRNA to the ribosome. (1600 aa) |
| | Eef1b2 | Elongation factor 1-beta; EF-1-beta and EF-1-delta stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to EF-1-alpha to GTP. (225 aa) |
| | Mrpl58 | Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase ICT1, mitochondrial; Essential peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase component of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit. Acts as a codon-independent translation release factor that has lost all stop codon specificity and directs the termination of translation in mitochondrion, possibly in case of abortive elongation. May be involved in the hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNAs that have been prematurely terminated and thus in the recycling of stalled mitochondrial ribosomes (By similarity). (206 aa) |
| | Eif4e1b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. (250 aa) |
| | Rps27l | 40S ribosomal protein S27. (105 aa) |
| | Eif4g2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2; Appears to play a role in the switch from cap-dependent to IRES-mediated translation during mitosis, apoptosis and viral infection. Cleaved by some caspases and viral proteases. (906 aa) |
| | Cpeb2 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 2; May play a role in translational regulation of stored mRNAs in transcriptionally inactive haploid spermatids. Binds to poly(U) RNA oligomers. Required for cell cycle progression, specifically for the transition from metaphase to anaphase (By similarity). (992 aa) |
| | Gm21319 | Predicted gene, 21319; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Eif5 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP bound to the 40S ribosomal initiation complex (40S.mRNA.Met-tRNA[F].eIF-2.GTP) with the subsequent joining of a 60S ribosomal subunit resulting in the release of eIF-2 and the guanine nucleotide. The subsequent joining of a 60S ribosomal subunit results in the formation of a functional 80S initiation complex (80S.mRNA.Met-tRNA[F]); Belongs to the eIF-2-beta/eIF-5 family. (429 aa) |
| | Eif4a1 | Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I; ATP-dependent RNA helicase which is a subunit of the eIF4F complex involved in cap recognition and is required for mRNA binding to ribosome. In the current model of translation initiation, eIF4A unwinds RNA secondary structures in the 5'-UTR of mRNAs which is necessary to allow efficient binding of the small ribosomal subunit, and subsequent scanning for the initiator codon; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily. (406 aa) |
| | Eif4b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B; Required for the binding of mRNA to ribosomes. Functions in close association with EIF4-F and EIF4-A. Binds near the 5'-terminal cap of mRNA in presence of EIF-4F and ATP. Promotes the ATPase activity and the ATP-dependent RNA unwinding activity of both EIF4-A and EIF4-F (By similarity). (611 aa) |
| | Ctif | CBP80/20-dependent translation initiation factor; Specifically required for the pioneer round of mRNA translation mediated by the cap-binding complex (CBC), that takes place during or right after mRNA export via the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Acts via its interaction with the NCBP1/CBP80 component of the CBC complex and recruits the 40S small subunit of the ribosome via eIF3. In contrast, it is not involved in steady state translation, that takes place when the CBC complex is replaced by cytoplasmic cap-binding protein eIF4E. Also required for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), the p [...] (623 aa) |
| | Eefsec | Selenocysteine-specific elongation factor; Translation factor necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins. It probably replaces EF-Tu for the insertion of selenocysteine directed by the UGA codon. SelB binds GTP and GDP; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. SelB subfamily. (583 aa) |
| | Gm4027 | Predicted gene 4027. (144 aa) |
| | Gm2075 | Predicted gene 2075; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Larp1 | La-related protein 1; RNA-binding protein that regulates the translation of specific target mRNA species downstream of the mTORC1 complex, in function of growth signals and nutrient availability. Interacts on the one hand with the 3' poly-A tails that are present in all mRNA molecules, and on the other hand with the 7-methylguanosine cap structure of mRNAs containing a 5' terminal oligopyrimidine (5'TOP) motif, which is present in mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins and several components of the translation machinery. The interaction with the 5' end of mRNAs containing a 5'TOP motif lead [...] (1072 aa) |
| | Gm8332 | Predicted pseudogene 8332. (144 aa) |
| | Purb | Transcriptional activator protein Pur-beta; Has capacity to bind repeated elements in single-stranded DNA such as the purine-rich single strand of the PUR element located upstream of the MYC gene. Participates in transcriptional and translational regulation of alpha-MHC expression in cardiac myocytes by binding to the purine-rich negative regulatory (PNR) element. Modulates constitutive liver galectin-3 gene transcription by binding to its promoter. May play a role in the dendritic transport of a subset of mRNAs (By similarity). Plays a role in the control of vascular smooth muscle (VS [...] (324 aa) |
| | Cpeb1 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translation initiation during oocyte maturation, early development and at postsynapse sites of neurons. Binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), an uridine-rich sequence element (consensus sequence 5'-UUUUUAU-3') within the 3'-UTR of mRNAs. In absence of phosphorylation and in association with TACC3 is also involved as a repressor of translation of CPE-containing mRNA; a repression that is relieved by phosphorylation or degradat [...] (562 aa) |
| | Gm2035 | Predicted pseudogene 2035; Belongs to the eIF-1A family. (144 aa) |
| | Gm6803 | Predicted gene 6803; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Gm2056 | Predicted gene 2056; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Eif4h | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H; Stimulates the RNA helicase activity of EIF4A in the translation initiation complex. Binds weakly mRNA (By similarity). (248 aa) |
| | Hbs1l | HBS1-like protein. (682 aa) |
| | Gm5039 | Predicted gene 5039; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Gm2022 | Predicted pseudogene 2022; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Gm16368 | Predicted pseudogene 16368; Belongs to the eIF-1A family. (144 aa) |
| | Gm21936 | Predicted gene, 21936; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Gm5788 | Predicted pseudogene 5788; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) |
| | Paip2 | Polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 2; Acts as a repressor in the regulation of translation initiation of poly(A)-containing mRNAs. Its inhibitory activity on translation is mediated via its action on PABPC1. Displaces the interaction of PABPC1 with poly(A) RNA and competes with PAIP1 for binding to PABPC1. Its association with PABPC1 results in disruption of the cytoplasmic poly(A) RNP structure organization (By similarity). Belongs to the PAIP2 family. (124 aa) |
