STRINGSTRING
Il4 Il4 Slc26a3 Slc26a3 Smo Smo Angptl4 Angptl4 Braf Braf Tgfb1 Tgfb1 Elf3 Elf3 Ikbkg Ikbkg Klf5 Klf5 Kit Kit Ctnnb1 Ctnnb1 Ascl2 Ascl2 Igf2bp1 Igf2bp1 Pten Pten Ehmt2 Ehmt2 Plg Plg E2f4 E2f4 Cybb Cybb Lama5 Lama5 Ncf1 Ncf1 Il10 Il10 Cul4a Cul4a Mmp9 Mmp9 Mmp7 Mmp7 Hdac2 Hdac2 Tnfaip3 Tnfaip3 Tmpo Tmpo Ccng1 Ccng1 Il13 Il13 Agr2 Agr2 Slc9a3r1 Slc9a3r1 Map3k14 Map3k14 Sptlc2 Sptlc2 Sav1 Sav1 Il9 Il9 Tert Tert Fgf10 Fgf10 Fgf9 Fgf9 Ednrb Ednrb Ripk3 Ripk3 Myc Myc Vdr Vdr Prkdc Prkdc Il10rb Il10rb Guca2a Guca2a Sgo1 Sgo1 Tff2 Tff2 Tff1 Tff1 Spdef Spdef Slc39a7 Slc39a7 Tnf Tnf Fads2 Fads2 Rela Rela Nr5a2 Nr5a2 Nup35 Nup35 Itgav Itgav Gatm Gatm Sec23b Sec23b Il2 Il2 Tlr2 Tlr2 Trp53inp1 Trp53inp1 B4galt1 B4galt1 Car9 Car9 Stx2 Stx2 Cdx2 Cdx2 Kras Kras Ttll3 Ttll3 Pglyrp1 Pglyrp1 Il4ra Il4ra Pycard Pycard Fadd Fadd Cd40lg Cd40lg Was Was Ikbkb Ikbkb Map1lc3b Map1lc3b St14 St14 Gcnt3 Gcnt3 Ptgs2 Ptgs2 Pglyrp3 Pglyrp3 Ltbp4 Ltbp4 Rag2 Rag2 Il25 Il25 Muc5ac Muc5ac Map3k7 Map3k7 Neurod1 Neurod1 Rbpj Rbpj Abcb1a Abcb1a Usp22 Usp22 Abcc4 Abcc4 Cbfa2t2 Cbfa2t2 Il5 Il5 Cdhr2 Cdhr2 Slc9a8 Slc9a8 Tmem258 Tmem258 Atg5 Atg5 Tlr4 Tlr4 Htr2a Htr2a Cftr Cftr Tnfsf15 Tnfsf15 Runx3 Runx3 Nkx2-3 Nkx2-3 Lipa Lipa Neurog3 Neurog3 Cdc42 Cdc42 Xbp1 Xbp1 Yipf6 Yipf6 Gimap5 Gimap5 Gnai2 Gnai2 Bdnf Bdnf Fem1a Fem1a Ephb2 Ephb2 Ptgs1 Ptgs1 Gpa33 Gpa33 Mcm2 Mcm2 Epcam Epcam Il17re Il17re Nfil3 Nfil3 Fpr2 Fpr2 Fam49b Fam49b Lep Lep Fzd5 Fzd5 Thra Thra Casr Casr Nuak2 Nuak2 Polg Polg Pip Pip Apc Apc Lin28b Lin28b Gpx1 Gpx1 Pdx1 Pdx1 Pot1b Pot1b Itgb1 Itgb1 Ehf Ehf Cdk7 Cdk7 Rnpc3 Rnpc3 Enpp7 Enpp7 Adamts18 Adamts18 Wipf1 Wipf1 Il22 Il22 B3gnt6 B3gnt6 Elavl1 Elavl1 Fut7 Fut7 Atoh1 Atoh1 Hmga1b Hmga1b Slc19a1 Slc19a1 Pik3cd Pik3cd Arhgap17 Arhgap17 Folr1 Folr1 Klf4 Klf4 Slc6a4 Slc6a4 Trp53 Trp53 Spint1 Spint1 Znhit1 Znhit1 Cldn15 Cldn15 Tcf7l2 Tcf7l2 Bcl2 Bcl2 Atg16l1 Atg16l1 Slc5a6 Slc5a6 Slc12a2 Slc12a2 Ap1m2 Ap1m2 Foxp3 Foxp3 Nrip1 Nrip1 Ppargc1a Ppargc1a Fen1 Fen1 Stat3 Stat3 Ctsd Ctsd Hr Hr Rc3h1 Rc3h1 Inpp5d Inpp5d Pglyrp4 Pglyrp4 Csnk1a1 Csnk1a1 Rab11a Rab11a Gcnt4 Gcnt4 Pcid2 Pcid2 Atg7 Atg7 Ndst4 Ndst4 Mex3a Mex3a Foxl1 Foxl1 Nlrp6 Nlrp6 Muc2 Muc2 Nrbp1 Nrbp1 Esr2 Esr2 Tsta3 Tsta3 Slc39a4 Slc39a4 Pi4ka Pi4ka Pglyrp2 Pglyrp2 Cgn Cgn
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Il4Interleukin-4; Participates in at least several B-cell activation processes as well as of other cell types. It is a costimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4. Belongs to the IL- [...] (140 aa)
Slc26a3Chloride anion exchanger; Chloride/bicarbonate exchanger. Mediates the efficient absorption of chloride ions in the colon, participating in fluid homeostasis. Plays a role in the chloride and bicarbonate homeostasis during sperm epididymal maturation and capacitation. Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family. (757 aa)
SmoSmoothened homolog; G protein-coupled receptor that probably associates with the patched protein (PTCH) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Binding of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to its receptor patched is thought to prevent normal inhibition by patched of smoothened (SMO) (By similarity). Required for the accumulation of KIF7, GLI2 and GLI3 in the cilia. Interacts with DLG5 at the ciliary base to induce the accumulation of KIF7 and GLI2 at the ciliary tip for GLI2 activation. (793 aa)
Angptl4Angiopoietin-related protein 4; Mediates inactivation of the lipoprotein lipase LPL, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of triglyceride clearance from the blood serum and in lipid metabolism. May also play a role in regulating glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Inhibits proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of endothelial cells and reduces vascular leakage. Upon heterologous expression, inhibits the adhesion of endothelial cell to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and inhibits the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of actin stress fibers and fo [...] (410 aa)
BrafSerine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf; Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Phosphorylates MAP2K1, and thereby activates the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. May play a role in the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neurons. (804 aa)
Tgfb1Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-1, respectively. Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration. Activation into mature form follows different [...] (390 aa)
Elf3ETS-related transcription factor Elf-3; Transcriptional activator that binds and transactivates ETS sequences containing the consensus nucleotide core sequence GGA[AT]. Acts synergistically with POU2F3 to transactivate the SPRR2A promoter and with RUNX1 to transactivate the ANGPT1 promoter (By similarity). Also transactivates collagenase, CCL20, CLND7, FLG, KRT8, NOS2, PTGS2, SPRR2B, TGFBR2 and TGM3 promoters. Represses KRT4 promoter activity (By similarity). Involved in mediating vascular inflammation. May play an important role in epithelial cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. Ma [...] (391 aa)
IkbkgNF-kappa-B essential modulator; Regulatory subunit of the IKK core complex which phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. Its binding to scaffolding polyubiquitin seems to play a role in IKK activation by multiple signaling receptor pathways. Also considered to be a mediator for TAX activation of NF- kappa-B. Could be implicated in NF-kappa-B-mediated protection from cytokine toxicity. Involved in TLR3- and IFIH1-mediated antiviral innate response; this function requires [...] (430 aa)
Klf5Krueppel-like factor 5; Transcription factor that binds to GC box promoter elements. Activates the transcription of these genes. (446 aa)
KitMast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis. In response to KITLG/SCF binding, KIT can activate several signaling pathways. Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, SH2B2/APS and CBL. Activates the AKT1 signaling pathway by phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Activat [...] (979 aa)
Ctnnb1Catenin beta-1; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an [...] (781 aa)
Ascl2Achaete-scute homolog 2; AS-C proteins are involved in the determination of the neuronal precursors in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. (263 aa)
Igf2bp1Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1; RNA-binding factor that recruits target transcripts to cytoplasmic protein-RNA complexes (mRNPs). This transcript 'caging' into mRNPs allows mRNA transport and transient storage. It also modulates the rate and location at which target transcripts encounter the translational apparatus and shields them from endonuclease attacks or microRNA-mediated degradation. Regulates localized beta-actin/ACTB mRNA translation, a crucial process for cell polarity, cell migration and neurite outgrowth. Co-transcriptionally associates with the ACTB mR [...] (577 aa)
PtenPhosphatase and tensin homolog; In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement (By similarity). Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate with order of subst [...] (403 aa)
Ehmt2Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2; Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also mediates monomethylation of 'Lys-56' of histone H3 (H3K56me1) in G1 phase, leading to promote interaction between histone H3 and PCNA and regulating DNA replication. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltr [...] (1263 aa)
PlgPlasmin heavy chain A, short form; Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invas [...] (812 aa)
E2f4Transcription factor E2F4; Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F4 binds with high affinity to RBL1 and RBL2. In some instances can also bind RB1. Specifically required for multiciliate cell differentiation: together with MCIDAS and E2F5, binds and activate genes required for centriole [...] (410 aa)
CybbCytochrome b-245 heavy chain; Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes. (570 aa)
Lama5Laminin subunit alpha-5; Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components. Alpha-5 may be the major laminin alpha chain of adult epithelial and/or endothelial basal laminae. (3718 aa)
Ncf1Neutrophil cytosol factor 1; NCF2, NCF1, and a membrane bound cytochrome b558 are required for activation of the latent NADPH oxidase (necessary for superoxide production). (404 aa)
Il10Interleukin-10; Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in [...] (178 aa)
Cul4aCullin-4A; Core component of multiple cullin-RING-based E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase activity of the complex is dependent on the neddylation of the cullin subunit and is inhibited by the association of the deneddylated cullin subunit with TIP120A/CAND1. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends [...] (759 aa)
Mmp9Matrix metalloproteinase-9; Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (730 aa)
Mmp7Matrilysin; Degrades casein, gelatins of types I, III, IV, and V, and fibronectin. Activates procollagenase (By similarity). (267 aa)
Hdac2Histone deacetylase 2; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). Forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with MAD, SIN3, YY1 and N-COR. Interacts in the late S-phase of DNA-replication with DNMT1 in the other transcriptional repressor co [...] (488 aa)
Tnfaip3Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3; Ubiquitin-editing enzyme that contains both ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitinase activities. Involved in immune and inflammatory responses signaled by cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, or pathogens via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) through terminating NF-kappa-B activity. Essential component of a ubiquitin-editing protein complex, comprising also RNF11, ITCH and TAX1BP1, that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory signaling pathways. In cooperation with TAX1BP1 promotes disassembly of E2-E3 ubiquitin protein ligase complexes in [...] (775 aa)
TmpoLamina-associated polypeptide 2, isoforms alpha/zeta; May be involved in the structural organization of the nucleus and in the post-mitotic nuclear assembly. Plays an important role, together with LMNA, in the nuclear anchorage of RB1 (By similarity). (693 aa)
Ccng1Cyclin-G1; May play a role in growth regulation. Is associated with G2/M phase arrest in response to DNA damage. May be an intermediate by which p53 mediates its role as an inhibitor of cellular proliferation. Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin G subfamily. (294 aa)
Il13Interleukin-13; Cytokine. Inhibits inflammatory cytokine production. Synergizes with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis. May be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses (By similarity). Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages ; Belongs to the IL-4/IL-13 family. (131 aa)
Agr2Anterior gradient protein 2 homolog; Required for MUC2 post-transcriptional synthesis and secretion. May play a role in the production of mucus by intestinal cells. Proto-oncogene that may play a role in cell migration, cell differentiation and cell growth (By similarity). Promotes cell adhesion (By similarity); Belongs to the AGR family. (175 aa)
Slc9a3r1Na(+)/H(+) exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF1; Scaffold protein that connects plasma membrane proteins with members of the ezrin/moesin/radixin family and thereby helps to link them to the actin cytoskeleton and to regulate their surface expression. Necessary for recycling of internalized ADRB2. Was first known to play a role in the regulation of the activity and subcellular location of SLC9A3. Necessary for cAMP-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of SLC9A3. May enhance Wnt signaling (By similarity). May participate in HTR4 targeting to microvilli. Involved in the regulation of [...] (355 aa)
Map3k14Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14; Lymphotoxin beta-activated kinase which seems to be exclusively involved in the activation of NF-kappa-B and its transcriptional activity. Promotes proteolytic processing of NFKB2/P100, which leads to activation of NF-kappa-B via the non- canonical pathway. Could act in a receptor-selective manner. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily. (942 aa)
Sptlc2Serine palmitoyltransferase 2; Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with LCB1/SPTLC1 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex displays a preference for C18-CoA substrate (By similarity). Plays an important role in de novo sphyngolipid biosynthesis which is crucial for adipogenesis. (560 aa)
Sav1Protein salvador homolog 1; Regulator of STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleu [...] (386 aa)
Il9Interleukin-9; Supports IL-2 independent and IL-4 independent growth of helper T-cells; Belongs to the IL-7/IL-9 family. (144 aa)
TertTelomerase reverse transcriptase; Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nuc [...] (1122 aa)
Fgf10Fibroblast growth factor 10; Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Required for normal branching morphogenesis. May play a role in wound healing; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (209 aa)
Fgf9Fibroblast growth factor 9; Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration. May have a role in glial cell growth and differentiation during development, gliosis during repair and regeneration of brain tissue after damage, differentiation and survival of neuronal cells, and growth stimulation of glial tumors. (208 aa)
EdnrbEndothelin receptor type B; Non-specific receptor for endothelin 1, 2, and 3. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Essential component in the normal development of two neuronal crest-derived cell lineages; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Endothelin receptor subfamily. EDNRB sub-subfamily. (442 aa)
Ripk3Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3; Essential for necroptosis, a programmed cell death process in response to death-inducing TNF-alpha family members. Upon induction of necrosis, RIPK3 interacts with, and phosphorylates RIPK1 and MLKL to form a necrosis-inducing complex. RIPK3 binds to and enhances the activity of three metabolic enzymes: GLUL, GLUD1, and PYGL. These metabolic enzymes may eventually stimulate the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, which could result in enhanced ROS production. (486 aa)
MycMyc proto-oncogene protein; Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis. Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release. (454 aa)
VdrVitamin D3 receptor; Nuclear receptor for calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D3 which mediates the action of this vitamin on cells (By similarity). Enters the nucleus upon vitamin D3 binding where it forms heterodimers with the retinoid X receptor/RXR (By similarity). The VDR-RXR heterodimers bind to specific response elements on DNA and activate the transcription of vitamin D3-responsive target genes (By similarity). Plays a central role in calcium homeostasis (By similarity). (422 aa)
PrkdcDNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a molecular sensor for DNA damage (By similarity). Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination (By similarity). Must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties (By similarity). Promotes processing of hairpin DNA structures in V(D)J recombination by activation of the hairpin endonuclease artemis (DCLRE1C) (By similarity). The assembly of the DNA-PK complex at DNA ends is also required for the NHEJ ligation step [...] (4128 aa)
Il10rbInterleukin-10 receptor subunit beta; Shared cell surface receptor required for the activation of five class 2 cytokines: IL10, IL22, IL26, IL28, and IFNL1. The IFNLR1/IL10RB dimer is a receptor for the cytokine ligands IFNL2 and IFNL3 and mediates their antiviral activity. The ligand/receptor complex stimulate the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which contribute to the antiviral state (By similarity). (351 aa)
Guca2aGuanylin; Endogenous activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase. It stimulates this enzyme through the same receptor binding region as the heat-stable enterotoxins. (116 aa)
Sgo1Shugoshin 1; Plays a central role in chromosome cohesion during mitosis by preventing premature dissociation of cohesin complex from centromeres after prophase, when most of cohesin complex dissociates from chromosomes arms. May act by preventing phosphorylation of the STAG2 subunit of cohesin complex at the centromere, ensuring cohesin persistence at centromere until cohesin cleavage by ESPL1/separase at anaphase. Essential for proper chromosome segregation during mitosis and this function requires interaction with PPP2R1A. Its phosphorylated form is necessary for chromosome congressi [...] (517 aa)
Tff2Trefoil factor 2; Inhibits gastrointestinal motility and gastric acid secretion. Could function as a structural component of gastric mucus, possibly by stabilizing glycoproteins in the mucus gel through interactions with carbohydrate side chains (By similarity). (129 aa)
Tff1Trefoil factor 1; Stabilizer of the mucous gel overlying the gastrointestinal mucosa that provides a physical barrier against various noxious agents. (87 aa)
SpdefSAM pointed domain-containing Ets transcription factor; May function as an androgen-independent transactivator of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter. Binds to 5'-GGAT-3' DNA sequences. May play a role in the regulation of the prostate gland and/or prostate cancer development. Acts as a transcriptional activator for SERPINB5 promoter (By similarity); Belongs to the ETS family. (325 aa)
Slc39a7Zinc transporter SLC39A7; Zinc transporter, that transports Zn(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi apparatus to the cytosol. Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family. KE4/Catsup subfamily. (476 aa)
TnfTumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces [...] (235 aa)
Fads2Acyl-CoA 6-desaturase; Acts as a fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 6 of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step in this pathway which is the desaturation of LA (18:2n-6) and ALA (18:3n-3) into gamma-linoleate (GLA) (18:3n-6) and stearidonate (18:4n-3), respectively. Subsequently, in the biosynthetic pathway of HUFA [...] (444 aa)
RelaTranscription factor p65; NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain- containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The heterodimeric RELA-NFKB1 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kap [...] (549 aa)
Nr5a2Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2; Nuclear receptor that acts as a key metabolic sensor by regulating the expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis, cholesterol homeostasis and triglyceride synthesis. Together with the oxysterol receptors NR1H3/LXR-alpha and NR1H2/LXR-beta, acts as an essential transcriptional regulator of lipid metabolism. Plays an anti- inflammatory role during the hepatic acute phase response by acting as a corepressor: inhibits the hepatic acute phase response by preventing dissociation of the N-Cor corepressor complex. Key regulator of choles [...] (560 aa)
Nup35Nucleoporin NUP35; Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). NPC components, collectively referred to as nucleoporins (NUPs), can play the role of both NPC structural components and of docking or interaction partners for transiently associated nuclear transport factors. May play a role in the association of MAD1 with the NPC (By similarity). (325 aa)
ItgavIntegrin alpha-V heavy chain; The alpha-V (ITGAV) integrins are receptors for vitronectin, cytotactin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, laminin, matrix metalloproteinase- 2, osteopontin, osteomodulin, prothrombin, thrombospondin, TGFB1 and vWF. They recognize the sequence R-G- D in a wide array of ligands. Alpha-V integrins may play a role in embryo implantation, angiogenesis and wound healing. ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to fractalkine (CX3CL1) and may act as its coreceptor in CX3CR1-dependent fractalkine signaling (By similarity). ITGAV:ITGB3 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essentia [...] (1044 aa)
GatmGlycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the biosynthesis of guanidinoacetate, the immediate precursor of creatine. Creatine plays a vital role in energy metabolism in muscle tissues. May play a role in embryonic and central nervous system development. (423 aa)
Sec23bProtein transport protein Sec23B; Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules for their transport to the Golgi complex. (767 aa)
Il2Interleukin-2; Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells. (169 aa)
Tlr2Toll-like receptor 2; Cooperates with LY96 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins and other microbial cell wall components. Cooperates with TLR1 or TLR6 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (By similarity). May also promote apoptosis in response to lipoproteins (By similarity). Forms activation clusters composed of several receptors depending on the ligand, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface [...] (784 aa)
Trp53inp1Tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 1; Antiproliferative and proapoptotic protein involved in cell stress response which acts as a dual regulator of transcription and autophagy. Acts as a positive regulator of autophagy. In response to cellular stress or activation of autophagy, relocates to autophagosomes where it interacts with autophagosome-associated proteins GABARAP, GABARAPL1/L2, MAP1LC3A/B/C and regulates autophagy. Acts as an antioxidant and plays a major role in p53/TP53-driven oxidative stress response. Possesses both a p53/TP53-independent intracellular reactive oxyg [...] (239 aa)
B4galt1Processed beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1; The Golgi complex form catalyzes the production of lactose in the lactating mammary gland and could also be responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins as well as the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family. (399 aa)
Car9Carbonic anhydrase 9; Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Participates in pH regulation (By similarity). (437 aa)
Stx2Syntaxin-2; Essential for epithelial morphogenesis. May mediate Ca(2+)- regulation of exocytosis acrosomal reaction in sperm. (289 aa)
Cdx2Homeobox protein CDX-2; Involved in the transcriptional regulation of multiple genes expressed in the intestinal epithelium. Important in broad range of functions from early differentiation to maintenance of the intestinal epithelial lining of both the small and large intestine. Binds preferentially to methylated DNA; Belongs to the Caudal homeobox family. (311 aa)
KrasGTPase KRas, N-terminally processed; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity (By similarity). Plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Plays a role in promoting oncogenic events by inducing transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in a ZNF304-dependent manner (By similarity). (188 aa)
Ttll3Tubulin monoglycylase TTLL3; Monoglycylase which modifies alpha- and beta-tubulin, generating side chains of glycine on the gamma-carboxyl groups of specific glutamate residues within the C-terminal tail of alpha- and beta-tubulin. Involved in the side-chain initiation step of the glycylation reaction by adding a single glycine chain to generate monoglycine side chains. Not involved in elongation step of the polyglycylation reaction. (927 aa)
Pglyrp1Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1; Pattern receptor that binds to murein peptidoglycans (PGN) of Gram-positive bacteria. Has bactericidal activity towards Gram-positive bacteria. May kill Gram-positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Binds also to Gram-negative bacteria. Involved in innate immunity. May function in intracellular killing of bacteria. The soluble form triggers apoptosis in vitro. Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (182 aa)
Il4raSoluble interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha; Receptor for both interleukin 4 and interleukin 13. Couples to the JAK1/2/3-STAT6 pathway. The IL4 response is involved in promoting Th2 differentiation. The IL4/IL13 responses are involved in regulating IgE production and, chemokine and mucus production at sites of allergic inflammation. In certain cell types, can signal through activation of insulin receptor substrates, IRS1/IRS2. (810 aa)
PycardApoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD; Functions as key mediator in apoptosis and inflammation. Promotes caspase-mediated apoptosis involving predominantly caspase-8 and also caspase-9 in a probable cell type-specific manner. Involved in activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, promotes caspase-8- dependent proteolytic maturation of BID independently of FADD in certain cell types and also mediates mitochondrial translocation of BAX and activates BAX-dependent apoptosis coupled to activation of caspase- 9, -2 and -3. Involved in macrophage pyroptosis, a cas [...] (193 aa)
FaddFAS-associated death domain protein; Apoptotic adaptor molecule that recruits caspase-8 or caspase-10 to the activated Fas (CD95) or TNFR-1 receptors. The resulting aggregate called the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation. Active caspase-8 initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases mediating apoptosis (By similarity). Involved in interferon-mediated antiviral immune response, playing a role in the positive regulation of interferon signaling (By similarity). (205 aa)
Cd40lgCD40 ligand, membrane form; Cytokine that acts as a ligand to CD40/TNFRSF5 (By similarity). Costimulates T-cell proliferation and cytokine production (By similarity). Its cross-linking on T-cells generates a costimulatory signal which enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in conjunction with the TCR/CD3 ligation and CD28 costimulation (By similarity). Induces the activation of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Induces the activation of kinases MAPK8 and PAK2 in T-cells (By similarity). Mediates B-cell proliferation in the absence of co-stimulus as well as IgE production in the presence of [...] (260 aa)
WasWiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein homolog; Effector protein for Rho-type GTPases that regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex. Important for efficient actin polymerization. Possible regulator of lymphocyte and platelet function. Mediates actin filament reorganization and the formation of actin pedestals upon infection by pathogenic bacteria. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. Promotes homologous recombinatio [...] (520 aa)
IkbkbInhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is transloca [...] (757 aa)
Map1lc3bMicrotubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). Plays a role in mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Whereas LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellit [...] (125 aa)
St14Suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein homolog; Degrades extracellular matrix. Exhibits trypsin-like activity as defined by cleavage of synthetic substrates with Arg or Lys as the P1 site (By similarity). Involved in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes through prostasin (PRSS8) activation and filaggrin (FLG) processing (By similarity). (855 aa)
Gcnt3Beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3; Glycosyltransferase that can synthesize all known mucin beta 6 N-acetylglucosaminides. Mediates core 2 and core 4 O-glycan branching, 2 important steps in mucin-type biosynthesis. Has also I- branching enzyme activity by converting linear into branched poly-N- acetyllactosaminoglycans, leading to introduce the blood group I antigen during embryonic development. (437 aa)
Ptgs2Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays imp [...] (604 aa)
Pglyrp3Peptidoglycan recognition protein 3; Pattern receptor that binds to murein peptidoglycans (PGN) of Gram-positive bacteria. Has bactericidal activity towards Gram-positive bacteria. May kill Gram-positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Binds also to Gram-negative bacteria, and has bacteriostatic activity towards Gram-negative bacteria. Plays a role in innate immunity (By similarity); Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (347 aa)
Ltbp4Latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 4; Key regulator of transforming growth factor beta (TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3) that controls TGF-beta activation by maintaining it in a latent state during storage in extracellular space. Associates specifically via disulfide bonds with the Latency-associated peptide (LAP), which is the regulatory chain of TGF-beta, and regulates integrin-dependent activation of TGF-beta. (1666 aa)
Rag2V(D)J recombination-activating protein 2; Core component of the RAG complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the DNA cleavage phase during V(D)J recombination. V(D)J recombination assembles a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin and T- cell receptor genes in developing B and T-lymphocytes through rearrangement of different V (variable), in some cases D (diversity), and J (joining) gene segments. DNA cleavage by the RAG complex occurs in 2 steps: a first nick is introduced in the top strand immediately upstream of the heptamer, generating a 3'-hydroxyl group that can attack the pho [...] (527 aa)
Il25Interleukin 25. (169 aa)
Muc5acMucin 5, subtypes A and C, tracheobronchial/gastric. (2751 aa)
Map3k7Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Plays an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by changes in the environment. Mediates signal transduction of TRAF6, various cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB), TGFB-related factors like BMP2 and BMP4, toll-like receptors (TLR), tumor necrosis factor receptor CD40 and B-cell receptor (BCR). Ceramides are also able to activate MAP3K7/TAK1. Once activated, acts as a [...] (606 aa)
Neurod1Neurogenic differentiation factor 1; Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or [...] (357 aa)
RbpjRecombining binding protein suppressor of hairless; Transcriptional regulator that plays a central role in Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communication that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Acts as a transcriptional repressor when it is not associated with Notch proteins. When associated with some NICD product of Notch proteins (Notch intracellular domain), it acts as a transcriptional activator that activates transcription of Notch target genes. Probably represses or activates transcription via the recruitment of chromatin remodeling [...] (526 aa)
Abcb1aATP-dependent translocase ABCB1; Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane. Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D- glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins. Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug- resistant cells (By similarity). (1276 aa)
Usp22Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 22; Histone deubiquitinating component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA. Catalyzes the deubiquitination of both histones H2A and H2B, thereby acting as a coactivator. Recruited to specific gene promoters by activators such as MYC, where it is required for transcription. Required for nuclear receptor-mediated transactivation and cell cycle progression (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. UBP8 subfamily. (525 aa)
Abcc4ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 4. (1325 aa)
Cbfa2t2Protein CBFA2T2; Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Via association with PRDM14 is involved in regulation of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. Involved in primordial germ cell (PCG) formation. Stabilizes PRDM14 and OCT4 on chromatin in a homooligomerization-dependent mannerCan repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner (By similarity). Through heteromerization with CBFA2T3/MTG16 may be involved in re [...] (594 aa)
Il5Interleukin-5; Factor that induces terminal differentiation of late- developing B-cells to immunoglobulin secreting cells. (133 aa)
Cdhr2Cadherin-related family member 2; Intermicrovillar adhesion molecule that forms, via its extracellular domain, calcium-dependent heterophilic complexes with CDHR5 on adjacent microvilli. Thereby, controls the packing of microvilli at the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Through its cytoplasmic domain, interacts with microvillus cytoplasmic proteins to form the intermicrovillar adhesion complex/IMAC. This complex plays a central role in microvilli and epithelial brush border differentiation. May also play a role in cell-cell adhesion and contact inhibition in epithelial cells. (1308 aa)
Slc9a8Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 8; Involved in pH regulation to eliminate acids generated by active metabolism or to counter adverse environmental conditions. Major proton extruding system driven by the inward sodium ion chemical gradient. Plays an important role in signal transduction (By similarity); Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family. (576 aa)
Tmem258Transmembrane protein 258; Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are requ [...] (79 aa)
Atg5Autophagy protein 5; Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3- like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. Involved in mitochondrial quality control after oxidative damage, and in subsequent cellular longevity. Plays a critical role in multiple aspects of lymphocyte development and is ess [...] (275 aa)
Tlr4Toll-like receptor 4; Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Also involved in LPS- independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate. In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding t [...] (835 aa)
Htr2a5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5- dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. S [...] (471 aa)
CftrCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Epithelial ion channel that plays an important role in the regulation of epithelial ion and water transport and fluid homeostasis. Mediates the transport of chloride ions across the cell membrane. Channel activity is coupled to ATP hydrolysis. The ion channel is also permeable to HCO(3-); selectivity depends on the extracellular chloride concentration. Exerts its function also by modulating the activity of other ion channels and transporters. Contributes to the regulation of the pH and the ion content of the epithelial fluid layer. M [...] (1476 aa)
Tnfsf15Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15; Receptor for TNFRSF25 and TNFRSF6B. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Inhibits vascular endothelial growth and angiogenesis (in vitro). Promotes activation of caspases and apoptosis (By similarity). Promotes splenocyte alloactivation; Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. (270 aa)
Runx3Runt-related transcription factor 3; Forms the heterodimeric complex core-binding factor (CBF) with CBFB. RUNX members modulate the transcription of their target genes through recognizing the core consensus binding sequence 5'- TGTGGT-3', or very rarely, 5'-TGCGGT-3', within their regulatory regions via their runt domain, while CBFB is a non-DNA-binding regulatory subunit that allosterically enhances the sequence-specific DNA-binding capacity of RUNX. The heterodimers bind to the core site of a number of enhancers and promoters, including murine leukemia virus, polyomavirus enhancer, T [...] (423 aa)
Nkx2-3Homeobox protein Nkx-2.3; Transcriptional regulator essential for normal development and functions of the small intestine and spleen. Activates directly MADCAM1 expression. Required for homing of lymphocytes in spleen and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. May have a role during pharyngeal organogenesis; Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family. (362 aa)
LipaLysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase; Crucial for the intracellular hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides that have been internalized via receptor- mediated endocytosis of lipoprotein particles. Important in mediating the effect of LDL (low density lipoprotein) uptake on suppression of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase and activation of endogenous cellular cholesteryl ester formation (By similarity); Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (397 aa)
Neurog3Neurogenin-3; Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Together with NKX2-2, initiates transcriptional activation of NEUROD1. Involved in neurogenesis. Also required for the specification of a common precursor of the 4 pancreatic endocrine cell types. (214 aa)
Cdc42Cell division control protein 42 homolog; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In its active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Regulates cell migration (By similarity). In neurons, plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of filopodia, thin and actin-rich surface projections. Req [...] (191 aa)
Xbp1X-box-binding protein 1, cytoplasmic form; Functions as a transcription factor during endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). Required for cardiac myogenesis and hepatogenesis during embryonic development and the development of secretory tissues such as exocrine pancreas and salivary gland. Involved in differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells and production of immunoglobulins. Modulates the cellular response to ER stress in a PIK3R-dependent manner. Binds to the cis-acting X box present in the promoter regions of major histocompatibility [...] (267 aa)
Yipf6Protein YIPF6; May be required for stable YIPF1 and YIPF2 protein expression. (236 aa)
Gimap5GTPase IMAP family member 5; Plays a role in T lymphocyte development and the optimal generation of CD4/CD8 double-positive thymocytes. Inhibitor of GSK3A. May act by sequestering GSK3A in cytoplasmic vesicles and impairing its translocation to the nucleus. Consequently, impairs GSK3A-dependent transcriptional program and regulation of the DNA damage response occurring during T cells proliferation. Required for the survival of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, as well as of peripheral T cells, natural killer (NK) and NK T-cell development and the maintenance of normal liver functio [...] (308 aa)
Gnai2Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta- adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division. (355 aa)
BdnfBrain-derived neurotrophic factor; Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2. During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentia [...] (257 aa)
Fem1aProtein fem-1 homolog A-A; Probable component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, in which it may act as a substrate recognition subunit. May participate in antiinflammatory signaling via its interaction with PTGER4 (By similarity); Belongs to the fem-1 family. (654 aa)
Ephb2Ephrin type-B receptor 2; Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Functions in axon guidance during development. Involved in the guidance of commissural axons, that form a major interhemispheric connection between the 2 temporal lobes of the cerebral corte [...] (987 aa)
Ptgs1Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. (602 aa)
Gpa33Cell surface A33 antigen; May play a role in cell-cell recognition and signaling. (319 aa)
Mcm2DNA replication licensing factor MCM2; Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differential [...] (904 aa)
EpcamEpithelial cell adhesion molecule; May act as a physical homophilic interaction molecule between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) at the mucosal epithelium for providing immunological barrier as a first line of defense against mucosal infection. Plays a role in embryonic stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Up-regulates the expression of FABP5, MYC and cyclins A and E (By similarity). Belongs to the EPCAM family. (315 aa)
Il17reInterleukin-17 receptor E; Specific functional receptor for IL17C, signaling through the NF-kappa-B and MAPK pathways. Requires TRAF3IP2 /ACT1 for signaling. Crucial regulator in innate immunity to bacterial pathogens, such as Citrobacter rodentium. Isoform 4 and isoform 5 may be either cytoplasmic inactive or dominant active forms. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 may act as soluble decoy receptors. (637 aa)
Nfil3Nuclear factor interleukin-3-regulated protein; Acts as a transcriptional regulator that recognizes and binds to the sequence 5'-[GA]TTA[CT]GTAA[CT]-3', a sequence present in many cellular and viral promoters. Represses transcription from promoters with activating transcription factor (ATF) sites (By similarity). Represses promoter activity in osteoblasts. Represses transcriptional activity of PER1. Represses transcriptional activity of PER2 via the B- site on the promoter. Activates transcription from the interleukin-3 promoter in T-cells (By similarity). Competes for the same consens [...] (462 aa)
Fpr2Formyl peptide receptor 2; High affinity receptor for N-formyl-methionyl peptides (FMLP), which are powerful neutrophil chemotactic factors. Stimulates chemotaxis in immune cells to site of infection or tissue damage upon recognition of several ligands, such as FMLP, or ligand involved in cell damage, disease or inflammation. Receptor for the chemokine-like protein FAM19A5, mediating FAM19A5-stimulated macrophage chemotaxis and the inhibitory effect on TNFSF11/RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. (351 aa)
Fam49bProtein FAM49B. (324 aa)
LepLeptin; Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways. In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, increases basal met [...] (167 aa)
Fzd5Frizzled-5; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Can activate WNT2, WNT10B, WNT5A, but not WNT2B or WNT4 (in vitro); the in vivo situation may be different since not all of these are known to be coexpressed. In neurons, activation of WNT7A promotes formation of synapses (By similarity). Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium [...] (585 aa)
ThraThyroid hormone receptor alpha; Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Isoform Alpha- deltaE6 does not bind DNA, inhibits the activity of isoform Alpha-1, and stimulates myoblast differentiation. (492 aa)
CasrExtracellular calcium-sensing receptor; G-protein-coupled receptor that senses changes in the extracellular concentration of calcium ions and plays a key role in maintaining calcium homeostasis (By similarity). Senses fluctuations in the circulating calcium concentration and modulates the production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid glands. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system (By similarity). The G-protein-coupled receptor activity is activated by a co-agonist mechanism: aromatic amino [...] (1079 aa)
Nuak2NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 2; Stress-activated kinase involved in tolerance to glucose starvation. Induces cell-cell detachment by increasing F-actin conversion to G-actin. Expression is induced by CD95 or TNF-alpha, via NF-kappa-B. Protects cells from CD95-mediated apoptosis and is required for the increased motility and invasiveness of CD95-activated tumor cells. Able to phosphorylate 'Ser-464' of LATS1 (By similarity). Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily. (639 aa)
PolgDNA polymerase subunit gamma-1; Involved in the replication of mitochondrial DNA. Associates with mitochondrial DNA (By similarity); Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-A family. (1217 aa)
PipProlactin-inducible protein homolog. (146 aa)
ApcAdenomatous polyposis coli protein; Tumor suppressor. Promotes rapid degradation of CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling as a negative regulator. APC activity is correlated with its phosphorylation state. Activates the GEF activity of SPATA13 and ARHGEF4. Plays a role in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)- induced cell migration (By similarity). Required for MMP9 up-regulation via the JNK signaling pathway in colorectal tumor cells. Acts as a mediator of ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It is required for the localization of MACF1 to the cell membrane a [...] (2842 aa)
Lin28bProtein lin-28 homolog B; Suppressor of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, including that of let-7 and possibly of miR107, miR-143 and miR-200c. Binds primary let-7 transcripts (pri-let-7), including pri-let-7g and pri-let-7a-1, and sequester them in the nucleolus, away from the microprocessor complex, hence preventing their processing into mature miRNA. Does not act on pri-miR21. The repression of let-7 expression is required for normal development and contributes to maintain the pluripotent state of embryonic stem cells by preventing let-7-mediated differentiation. When overexpressed, recr [...] (271 aa)
Gpx1Glutathione peroxidase 1; Protects the hemoglobin in erythrocytes from oxidative breakdown. (201 aa)
Pdx1Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1; Activates insulin and somatostatin gene transcription. Key regulator of islet peptide hormone expression but also responsible for the development of the pancreas, most probably by determining maturation and differentiation of common pancreatic precursor cells in the developing gut. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element [...] (284 aa)
Pot1bProtection of telomeres 1B. (640 aa)
Itgb1Integrin beta-1; Integrins alpha-1/beta-1, alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1 and alpha-11/beta-1 are receptors for collagen. Integrins alpha-1/beta-1 and alpha-2/beta-2 recognize the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G- E-R in collagen. Integrins alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha- 4/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1, alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-10/beta-1, alpha- 11/beta-1 and alpha-V/beta-1 are receptors for fibronectin. Alpha- 4/beta-1 recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 is a receptor for fibrinogen. Integrin [...] (798 aa)
EhfETS homologous factor; Transcriptional activator that may play a role in regulating epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation. May act as a repressor for a specific subset of ETS/AP-1-responsive genes, and as a modulator of the nuclear response to mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades. Binds to DNA sequences containing the consensus nucleotide core sequence GGAA. Involved in regulation of TNFRSF10B/DR5 expression through Ets-binding sequences on the TNFRSF10B/DR5 promoter (By similarity). (300 aa)
Cdk7Cyclin-dependent kinase 7; Serine/threonine kinase involved in cell cycle control and in RNA polymerase II-mediated RNA transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are activated by the binding to a cyclin and mediate the progression through the cell cycle. Each different complex controls a specific transition between 2 subsequent phases in the cell cycle. Required for both activation and complex formation of CDK1/cyclin-B during G2-M transition, and for activation of CDK2/cyclins during G1-S transition (but not complex formation). CDK7 is the catalytic subunit of the CDK-activating [...] (346 aa)
Rnpc3RNA-binding region-containing protein 3; Participates in pre-mRNA U12-dependent splicing, performed by the minor spliceosome which removes U12-type introns. U12-type introns comprises less than 1% of all non-coding sequences. Binds to the 3'- stem-loop of m(7)G-capped U12 snRNA (By similarity). (514 aa)
Enpp7Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7. (446 aa)
Adamts18A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 18. (1219 aa)
Wipf1WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1; Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Contributes with NCK1 and GRB2 in the recruitment and activation of WASL. May participate in regulating the subcellular localization of WASL, resulting in the disassembly of stress fibers in favor of filopodia formation (By similarity). Plays a role in the formation of cell ruffles. (493 aa)
Il22Interleukin-22; Cytokine that contributes to the inflammatory response in vivo; Belongs to the IL-10 family. (179 aa)
B3gnt6Acetylgalactosaminyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that synthesizes the core 3 structure of the O-glycan, an important precursor in the biosynthesis of mucin-type glycoproteins. Plays an important role in the synthesis of mucin-type O-glycans in digestive organs. (391 aa)
Elavl1ELAV-like protein 1; RNA-binding protein that binds to the 3'-UTR region of mRNAs and increases their stability. Involved in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiation: preferentially binds mRNAs that are not methylated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A), stabilizing them, promoting ESCs differentiation. Binds to poly-U elements and AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-UTR of target mRNAs. Binds avidly to the AU- rich element in FOS and IL3/interleukin-3 mRNAs. In the case of the FOS AU-rich element, binds to a core element of 27 nucleotides that contain AUUUA, AUUUUA, and AUUUUUA motifs. Binds [...] (326 aa)
Fut7Alpha-(1,3)-fucosyltransferase 7; Catalyzes the transfer of L-fucose, from a guanosine diphosphate-beta-L-fucose, to the N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) of a distal alpha2,3 sialylated lactosamine unit of a glycoprotein or a glycolipid-linked sialopolylactosamines chain through an alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkage and participates to the final fucosylation step in the biosynthesis of the sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)), a carbohydrate involved in cell and matrix adhesion during leukocyte trafficking and fertilization. In vitro, also synthesizes sialyl-dimeric-Lex structures, from VIM-2 structures and [...] (389 aa)
Atoh1Protein atonal homolog 1; Transcriptional regulator. Activates E box-dependent transcription in collaboration with TCF3/E47, but the activity is completely antagonized by the negative regulator of neurogenesis HES1. Plays a role in the differentiation of subsets of neural cells by activating E box-dependent transcription. (351 aa)
Hmga1bHigh mobility group protein HMG-I/HMG-Y; HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing and in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts. They are also involved in the transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions; Belongs to the HMGA family. (107 aa)
Slc19a1Reduced folate transporter; Transporter that mediates the import of reduced folates. Has high affinity for N5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the predominant circulating form of folate. Also able to mediate the import of antifolate drug methotrexate. Mechanistically, acts as an antiporter, which export of intracellular organic anions to facilitate uptake of its substrates (By similarity). 5-amino-4- imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), when phosphorylated to AICAR monophosphate, can serve as an organic anion for antiporter activity (By similarity). (512 aa)
Pik3cdPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Mediates immune responses. Plays a role in B-cell development, proliferation, migration, and function. Required for B-cell recepto [...] (1047 aa)
Arhgap17Rho GTPase-activating protein 17; Rho GTPase-activating protein involved in the maintenance of tight junction by regulating the activity of CDC42, thereby playing a central role in apical polarity of epithelial cells. Specifically acts as a GTPase activator for the CDC42 GTPase by converting it to an inactive GDP-bound state. The complex formed with AMOT acts by regulating the uptake of polarity proteins at tight junctions, possibly by deciding whether tight junction transmembrane proteins are recycled back to the plasma membrane or sent elsewhere. Participates in the Ca(2+)-dependent [...] (846 aa)
Folr1Folate receptor alpha; Binds to folate and reduced folic acid derivatives and mediates delivery of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folate analogs into the interior of cells. Has high affinity for folate and folic acid analogs at neutral pH. Exposure to slightly acidic pH after receptor endocytosis triggers a conformation change that strongly reduces its affinity for folates and mediates their release. Required for normal embryonic development and normal cell proliferation. Required for renal folate reabsorption. (255 aa)
Klf4Krueppel-like factor 4; Transcription factor; can act both as activator and as repressor. Binds the 5'-CACCC-3' core sequence. Binds to the promoter region of its own gene and can activate its own transcription. Regulates the expression of key transcription factors during embryonic development. Plays an important role in maintaining embryonic stem cells, and in preventing their differentiation. Required for establishing the barrier function of the skin and for postnatal maturation and maintenance of the ocular surface. Involved in the differentiation of epithelial cells and may also fu [...] (483 aa)
Slc6a4Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter; Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal for re-utilization. Plays a key role in mediating regulation of the availability of serotonin to other receptors of serotonergic systems. Terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner; Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A4 subfamily. (630 aa)
Trp53Cellular tumor antigen p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its intera [...] (390 aa)
Spint1Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 1; Inhibitor of HGF activator. (507 aa)
Znhit1Zinc finger HIT domain-containing protein 1; Seems to play a role in p53-mediated apoptosis induction (By similarity). Binds to NR1D2 and relieves it of its inhibitory effect on the transcription of APOC3 without affecting its DNA-binding activity (By similarity); Belongs to the ZNHIT1 family. (158 aa)
Cldn15Claudin-15; Claudins function as major constituents of the tight junction complexes that regulate the permeability of epithelia. While some claudin family members function as impermeable barriers, others mediate the permeability to ions and small molecules. Often, several claudin family members are coexpressed and interact with each other, and this determines the overall permeability. CLDN15 forms tight junctions that mediate the paracellular transport of small monovalent cations along a concentration gradient, due to selective permeability for Na(+), Li(+) and K(+) ions, but selects a [...] (227 aa)
Tcf7l2Transcription factor 7-like 2; Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway and modulates MYC expression by binding to its promoter in a sequence-specific manner. Acts as repressor in the absence of CTNNB1, and as activator in its presence. Activates transcription from promoters with several copies of the Tcf motif CCTTTGATC in the presence of CTNNB1. TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by TCF7L2/TCF4 and CTNNB1. Expression of dominant-negative mutants results in cell-cycle arrest in G1 (By similarity). Necessary for the maintenance of the epithelial stem-cell compa [...] (598 aa)
Bcl2Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release. (236 aa)
Atg16l1Autophagy-related protein 16-1; Plays an essential role in autophagy: interacts with ATG12- ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to LC3 (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B or MAP1LC3C), to produce a membrane-bound activated form of LC3 named LC3-II. Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane. Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production (By similarity). Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response. Instead, promotes with NOD2 an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pa [...] (623 aa)
Slc5a6Sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter; Transports pantothenate, biotin and lipoate in the presence of sodium; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (634 aa)
Slc12a2Solute carrier family 12 member 2; Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume; Belongs to the SLC12A transporter family. (1206 aa)
Ap1m2AP-1 complex subunit mu-2; Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. The AP complexes mediate the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. (425 aa)
Foxp3Forkhead box protein P3, C-terminally processed; Transcriptional regulator which is crucial for the development and inhibitory function of regulatory T-cells (Treg). Plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system by allowing the acquisition of full suppressive function and stability of the Treg lineage, and by directly modulating the expansion and function of conventional T-cells. Can act either as a transcriptional repressor or a transcriptional activator depending on its interactions with other transcription factors, histone acetylases and deacetylases. The s [...] (429 aa)
Nrip1Nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1; Modulates transcriptional repression by nuclear hormone receptors such as NR2C1, thyroid hormone receptor and retinoic acid receptor/RARA. Essential for cumulus expansion and follicle rupture during ovulation. Also controls the balance between fat accumulation and energy expenditure. Positive regulator of the circadian clock gene expression: stimulates transcription of ARNTL/BMAL1, CLOCK and CRY1 by acting as a coactivator for RORA and RORC. Involved in the regulation of ovarian function. Plays a role in renal development. (1161 aa)
Ppargc1aPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Induces the expression of PERM1 in [...] (797 aa)
Fen1Flap endonuclease 1; Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'- 3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site- terminated flap. Acts as [...] (380 aa)
Stat3Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors (By similarity). Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene (By similarity). May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (By similarity). Binds to the interleukin-6 (IL-6)- responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes (By similarity). Activated by IL31 through IL31RA (By s [...] (770 aa)
CtsdCathepsin D; Acid protease active in intracellular protein breakdown. Plays a role in APP processing following cleavage and activation by ADAM30 which leads to APP degradation; Belongs to the peptidase A1 family. (410 aa)
HrLysine-specific demethylase hairless; Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates both mono- and dimethylated 'Lys-9' of histone H3. May act as a transcription regulator controlling hair biology (via targeting of collagens), neural activity, and cell cycle (By similarity). (1182 aa)
Rc3h1Roquin-1; Post-transcriptional repressor of mRNAs containing a conserved stem loop motif, called constitutive decay element (CDE), which is often located in the 3'-UTR, as in HMGXB3, ICOS, IER3, NFKBID, NFKBIZ, PPP1R10, TNF, TNFRSF4 and in many more mRNAs. Cleaves translationally inactive mRNAs harboring a stem-loop (SL), often located in their 3'-UTRs, during the early phase of inflammation in a helicase UPF1-independent manner. Binds to CDE and promotes mRNA deadenylation and degradation. This process does not involve miRNAs. In follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, represses of ICOS and [...] (1130 aa)
Inpp5dPhosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1; Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphatase that specifically hydrolyzes the 5-phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) to produce PtdIns(3,4)P2, thereby negatively regulating the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathways (By similarity). Able also to hydrolyzes the 5-phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P3) and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate. Acts as a negative regulator of B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Mediates signaling from the FC-gamma-RIIB receptor (FCGR2B), p [...] (1191 aa)
Pglyrp4Peptidoglycan recognition protein 4; Pattern receptor that binds to murein peptidoglycans (PGN) of Gram-positive bacteria. Has bactericidal activity towards Gram-positive bacteria. May kill Gram-positive bacteria by interfering with peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Binds also to Gram-negative bacteria, and has bacteriostatic activity towards Gram-negative bacteria. Plays a role in innate immunity (By similarity); Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (375 aa)
Csnk1a1Casein kinase I isoform alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. Can phosphorylate a large number of proteins. Participates in Wnt signaling. Phosphorylates CTNNB1 at 'Ser-45'. May phosphorylate PER1 and PER2. May play a role in segregating chromosomes during mitosis. May play a role in keratin cytoskeleton disassembly and thereby, it may regulate epithelial cell migration (By similarity). (325 aa)
Rab11aRas-related protein Rab-11A; The small GTPases Rab areR key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The small Rab GTPase RAB11A regulates endocytic recycling. Acts as a major regulator of membrane delivery during cytokinesis. Together with MYO5B and RAB8A participates in epithelial [...] (216 aa)
Gcnt4Beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 4; Glycosyltransferase that mediates core 2 O-glycan branching, an important step in mucin-type biosynthesis. Does not have core 4 O- glycan or I-branching enzyme activity. (455 aa)
Pcid2PCI domain-containing protein 2; Required for B-cell survival through the regulation of the expression of cell-cycle checkpoint MAD2L1 protein during B cell differentiation. As a component of the TREX-2 complex, involved in the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pores (By similarity). Binds and stabilizes BRCA2 and is thus involved in the control of R-loop-associated DNA damage and transcription-associated genomic instability. R-loop accumulation does not increase in PCID2-depleted cells (By similarity). (399 aa)
Atg7Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7; E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria [...] (741 aa)
Ndst4Bifunctional heparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase 4; Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N- deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate. Modifies the GlcNAc-GlcA disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make N-sulfated heparosan, a prerequisite substrate for later modifications in heparin biosynthesis. Has low deacetylase activity but high sulfotransferase activity. Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily. (872 aa)
Mex3aMex3 RNA-binding family member A. (520 aa)
Foxl1Forkhead box protein L1; Transcription factor required for proper proliferation and differentiation in the gastrointestinal epithelium. Target gene of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway via GLI2 AND GLI3 transcription factors. (336 aa)
Nlrp6NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 6; As the sensor component of the NLRP6 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to yet unidentified signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP6, PYCARD and CASP1 (or possibly CASP4/CASP11). Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1-catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu. The precise NLRP6 activation stimulus has not been identified yet (By similarity). Essential for gut mucosal self- [...] (869 aa)
Muc2Mucin-2; Coats the epithelia of the intestines, airways, and other mucus membrane-containing organs. Thought to provide a protective, lubricating barrier against particles and infectious agents at mucosal surfaces. Major constituent of both the inner and outer mucus layers of the colon and may play a role in excluding bacteria from the inner mucus layer. (923 aa)
Nrbp1Nuclear receptor-binding protein; May play a role in subcellular trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus through interactions with the Rho-type GTPases. (543 aa)
Esr2Estrogen receptor beta; Nuclear hormone receptor. Binds estrogens with an affinity similar to that of ESR1 (ER-alpha), and activates expression of reporter genes containing estrogen response elements (ERE) in an estrogen-dependent manner. May play a role in ovarian follicular growth and maturation; Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily. (567 aa)
Tsta3GDP-L-fucose synthase; Catalyzes the two-step NADP-dependent conversion of GDP-4- dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose to GDP-fucose, involving an epimerase and a reductase reaction. (321 aa)
Slc39a4Zinc transporter ZIP4; Plays an important role in cellular zinc homeostasis as a zinc transporter. Regulated in response to zinc availability. Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family. (660 aa)
Pi4kaPhosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha; Acts on phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) in the first committed step in the production of the second messenger inositol-1,4,5,- trisphosphate; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type III PI4K subfamily. (2044 aa)
Pglyrp2N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; May play a scavenger role by digesting biologically active peptidoglycan (PGN) into biologically inactive fragments. Has no direct bacteriolytic activity; Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (530 aa)
CgnCingulin; Probably plays a role in the formation and regulation of the tight junction (TJ) paracellular permeability barrier; Belongs to the cingulin family. (1192 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Mus musculus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10090
Other names: LK3 transgenic mice, M. musculus, Mus sp. 129SV, house mouse, mouse, nude mice, transgenic mice
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