Protein crumbs homolog 2; Apical polarity protein that plays a central role during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at gastrulation, when newly specified mesodermal cells move inside the embryo. Acts by promoting cell ingression, the process by which cells leave the epithelial epiblast and move inside the embryo to form a new tissue layer. The anisotropic distribution of CRB2 and MYH10/myosin-IIB at cell edges define which cells will ingress: cells with high apical CRB2 are probably extruded from the epiblast by neighboring cells with high levels of apical MYH10/myosin- I [...]

Protein O-glucosyltransferase 1; Dual specificity glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of glucose and xylose from UDP-glucose and UDP-xylose, respectively, to a serine residue found in the consensus sequence of C- X-S-X-P-C. Specifically targets extracellular EGF repeats of protein such as CRB2, F7, F9 and NOTCH2. Acts as a positive regulator of Notch signaling by mediating O-glucosylation of Notch, leading to regulate muscle development (By similarity). Notch glucosylation does not affect Notch ligand binding (By similarity). Required during early development to promote gas [...]

Protein crumbs homolog 2; Apical polarity protein that plays a central role during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at gastrulation, when newly specified mesodermal cells move inside the embryo. Acts by promoting cell ingression, the process by which cells leave the epithelial epiblast and move inside the embryo to form a new tissue layer. The anisotropic distribution of CRB2 and MYH10/myosin-IIB at cell edges define which cells will ingress: cells with high apical CRB2 are probably extruded from the epiblast by neighboring cells with high levels of apical MYH10/myosin- I [...]

Tight junction protein ZO-1; Tjp1, TjpP2, and Tjp3 are closely related scaffolding proteins that link tight junction (TJ) transmembrane proteins such as claudins, junctional adhesion molecules, and occludin to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). The tight junction acts to limit movement of substances through the paracellular space and as a boundary between the compositionally distinct apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of epithelial and endothelial cells. Necessary for lumenogenesis, and particularly efficient epithelial polarization and barrier formation (By similarity [...]

28S ribosomal protein S29, mitochondrial; Involved in mediating interferon-gamma-induced cell death. Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS29 family.

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...]

ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX30; RNA-dependent helicase. Plays an important role in the assembly of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Required for optimal function of the zinc-finger antiviral protein ZC3HAV1 (By similarity). Associates with mitochondrial DNA (By similarity). Involved in nervous system development and differentiation through its involvement in the up-regulation of a number of genes which are required for neurogenesis, including GSC, NCAM1, neurogenin, and NEUROD ; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily.

DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial polymerase processivity subunit. Stimulates the polymerase and exonuclease activities, and increases the processivity of the enzyme. Binds to ss-DNA.

Disks large homolog 3; Required for learning most likely through its role in synaptic plasticity following NMDA receptor signaling.

Probable ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase FAF-X; Deubiquitinase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. May therefore play an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation of proteins through the removal of conjugated ubiquitin. Specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-48'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'- linked polyubiquitins chains. Essential component of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated SMAD4, opposing the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Deubiquitinat [...]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...]

28S ribosomal protein S29, mitochondrial; Involved in mediating interferon-gamma-induced cell death. Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS29 family.

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...]

Lysine-specific demethylase 6A; Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated but not monomethylated H3 'Lys-27'. Plays a central role in regulation of posterior development, by regulating HOX gene expression. Demethylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 is concomitant with methylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3, and regulates the recruitment of the PRC1 complex and monoubiquitination of histone H2A (By similarity). Plays a demethylase-independent role in chromatin remodeli [...]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...]

Phosphatase and tensin homolog; In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement (By similarity). Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate with order of subst [...]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...]

Retinoblastoma-like protein 2; Key regulator of entry into cell division. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases KMT5B and KMT5C, leading to epigenetic transcriptional repression. Controls histone H4 'Lys-20' trimethylation. Probably acts as a transcription repressor by recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes to promoters. Potent inhibitor of E2F-mediated trans-activation, associates preferentially [...]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...]

Transcription factor SOX-17; Acts as transcription regulator that binds target promoter DNA and bends the DNA. Binds to the sequences 5'-AACAAT-'3 or 5'-AACAAAG-3'. Modulates transcriptional regulation via WNT3A. Inhibits Wnt signaling. Promotes degradation of activated CTNNB1. Plays a key role in the regulation of embryonic development. Required for normal development of the definitive gut endoderm. Required for normal looping of the embryonic heart tube. Plays an important role in embryonic and postnatal vascular development, including development of arteries. Plays an important role [...]

Cytoplasmic dynein 2 light intermediate chain 1; Required for correct intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bi- directional movement of particles required for the assembly, maintenance and functioning of primary cilia. Involved in the regulation of ciliary length (By similarity). Belongs to the dynein light intermediate chain family.

Intraflagellar transport protein 57 homolog; Required for the formation of cilia. Plays an indirect role in sonic hedgehog signaling, cilia being required for all activity of the hedgehog pathway. Has pro-apoptotic function via its interaction with HIP1, leading to recruit caspase-8 (CASP8) and trigger apoptosis. Has the ability to bind DNA sequence motif 5'-AAAGACATG-3' present in the promoter of caspase genes such as CASP1, CASP8 and CASP10, suggesting that it may act as a transcription regulator; however the relevance of such function remains unclear. Belongs to the IFT57 family.

Cytoplasmic dynein 2 light intermediate chain 1; Required for correct intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bi- directional movement of particles required for the assembly, maintenance and functioning of primary cilia. Involved in the regulation of ciliary length (By similarity). Belongs to the dynein light intermediate chain family.

Rotatin; Involved in the genetic cascade that governs left-right specification. Required for correct asymmetric expression of NODAL, LEFTY and PITX2 (By similarity).

Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

Furin; Ubiquitous endoprotease within constitutive secretory pathways capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif. Mediates processing of TGFB1, an essential step in TGF-beta-1 activation. Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily.

Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for PDGFA, PDGFB and PDGFC and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, survival and chemotaxis. Depending on the context, promotes or inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration. Plays an important role in the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Required for normal skeleton development and cephalic closure during embryonic development. Required for normal development of the mucosa lining the gastrointes [...]

Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog; In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement (By similarity). Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine- phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5- tetrakisphosphate with order of subst [...]

Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

Focal adhesion kinase 1; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating cell migration, adhesion, spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation and disassembly of focal adhesions and cell protrusions, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Required for early embryonic development and placenta development. Required for embryonic angiogenesis, normal cardiomyocyte migration and proliferation, and normal heart development. Regulates axon growth and neuronal cell migration, axon branching and synapse formation; required f [...]

Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11; Acts downstream of various receptor and cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases to participate in the signal transduction from the cell surface to the nucleus. Positively regulates MAPK signal transduction pathway. Dephosphorylates GAB1, ARHGAP35 and EGFR. Dephosphorylates ROCK2 at 'Tyr-722' resulting in stimulatation of its RhoA binding activity. Dephosphorylates CDC73.

Fibronectin; Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin. Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization. Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

Tight junction protein ZO-1; Tjp1, TjpP2, and Tjp3 are closely related scaffolding proteins that link tight junction (TJ) transmembrane proteins such as claudins, junctional adhesion molecules, and occludin to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). The tight junction acts to limit movement of substances through the paracellular space and as a boundary between the compositionally distinct apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of epithelial and endothelial cells. Necessary for lumenogenesis, and particularly efficient epithelial polarization and barrier formation (By similarity [...]

Forkhead box protein F1; Probable transcription activator for a number of lung- specific genes.

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for PDGFA, PDGFB and PDGFC and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, survival and chemotaxis. Depending on the context, promotes or inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration. Plays an important role in the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Required for normal skeleton development and cephalic closure during embryonic development. Required for normal development of the mucosa lining the gastrointes [...]

Forkhead box protein F1; Probable transcription activator for a number of lung- specific genes.

Transcription factor SOX-17; Acts as transcription regulator that binds target promoter DNA and bends the DNA. Binds to the sequences 5'-AACAAT-'3 or 5'-AACAAAG-3'. Modulates transcriptional regulation via WNT3A. Inhibits Wnt signaling. Promotes degradation of activated CTNNB1. Plays a key role in the regulation of embryonic development. Required for normal development of the definitive gut endoderm. Required for normal looping of the embryonic heart tube. Plays an important role in embryonic and postnatal vascular development, including development of arteries. Plays an important role [...]