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| | Ccl2 | C-C motif chemokine 2; Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2 (By similarity). Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions (By similarity). Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils (By similarity). Plays an important role in mediating peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Increases NMDA-mediated synaptic transmission in both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-containing neurons, which may be caused by MAPK/ERK-dependent phospho [...] (148 aa) |
| | Itgb2 | Integrin beta-2; Integrin ITGAL/ITGB2 is a receptor for ICAM1, ICAM2, ICAM3 and ICAM4. Integrin ITGAL/ITGB2 is also a receptor for the secreted form of ubiquitin-like protein ISG15; the interaction is mediated by ITGAL (By similarity). Integrins ITGAM/ITGB2 and ITGAX/ITGB2 are receptors for the iC3b fragment of the third complement component and for fibrinogen. Integrin ITGAX/ITGB2 recognizes the sequence G-P-R in fibrinogen alpha-chain. Integrin ITGAM/ITGB2 recognizes P1 and P2 peptides of fibrinogen gamma chain. Integrin ITGAM/ITGB2 is also a receptor for factor X. Integrin ITGAD/ITG [...] (770 aa) |
| | Ccm2 | Cerebral cavernous malformations protein 2 homolog; Component of the CCM signaling pathway which is a crucial regulator of heart and vessel formation and integrity. May act through the stabilization of endothelial cell junctions. May also function as a scaffold protein for MAP2K3-MAP3K3 signaling. Seems to play a major role in the modulation of MAP3K3-dependent p38 activation induced by hyperosmotic shock. (453 aa) |
| | Pparg | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut ho [...] (505 aa) |
| | Pdgfb | Platelet-derived growth factor subunit B; Growth factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. Potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin. Required for normal proliferation and recruitment of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in the central nervous system, skin, lung, heart and placenta. Required for normal blood vessel development, and for normal development of kidney glomeruli. Plays an important role in wound healing. Signaling is modulated by the formation of heterodimers wit [...] (241 aa) |
| | Serpinf1 | Pigment epithelium-derived factor; Neurotrophic protein; induces extensive neuronal differentiation in retinoblastoma cells. Potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. As it does not undergo the S (stressed) to R (relaxed) conformational transition characteristic of active serpins, it exhibits no serine protease inhibitory activity. (417 aa) |
| | Trmt1 | tRNA (guanine(26)-N(2))-dimethyltransferase; Dimethylates a single guanine residue at position 26 of most tRNAs using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as donor of the methyl groups. Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Trm1 family. (663 aa) |
| | Uchl3 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L3; Deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that controls levels of cellular ubiquitin through processing of ubiquitin precursors and ubiquitinated proteins. Thiol protease that recognizes and hydrolyzes a peptide bond at the C-terminal glycine of either ubiquitin or NEDD8. Has a 10-fold preference for Arg and Lys at position P3'', and exhibits a preference towards 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Deubiquitinates ENAC in apical compartments, thereby regulating apical membrane recycling. Indirectly increases the phosphorylation of IGFIR, AKT and FOXO [...] (230 aa) |
| | Angptl4 | Angiopoietin-related protein 4; Mediates inactivation of the lipoprotein lipase LPL, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of triglyceride clearance from the blood serum and in lipid metabolism. May also play a role in regulating glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Inhibits proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of endothelial cells and reduces vascular leakage. Upon heterologous expression, inhibits the adhesion of endothelial cell to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and inhibits the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of actin stress fibers and fo [...] (410 aa) |
| | Cd320 | CD320 antigen; Receptor for transcobalamin saturated with cobalamin (TCbl). Plays an important role in cobalamin uptake. Plasma membrane protein that is expressed on follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and mediates interaction with germinal center B cells. Functions as costimulator to promote B cell responses to antigenic stimuli; promotes B cell differentiation and proliferation. Germinal center-B (GC-B) cells differentiate into memory B-cells and plasma cells (PC) through interaction with T-cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDC). CD320 augments the proliferation of PC precursors gen [...] (260 aa) |
| | Brd4 | Bromodomain-containing protein 4; Chromatin reader protein that recognizes and binds acetylated histones and plays a key role in transmission of epigenetic memory across cell divisions and transcription regulation. Remains associated with acetylated chromatin throughout the entire cell cycle and provides epigenetic memory for postmitotic G1 gene transcription by preserving acetylated chromatin status and maintaining high-order chromatin structure. During interphase, plays a key role in regulating the transcription of signal-inducible genes by associating with the P-TEFb complex and rec [...] (1401 aa) |
| | Fam162a | Protein FAM162A; Proposed to be involved in regulation of apoptosis; the exact mechanism may differ between cell types/tissues. May be involved in hypoxia-induced cell death of transformed cells implicating cytochrome C release and caspase activation (such as CASP9) and inducing mitochondrial permeability transition. May be involved in hypoxia- induced cell death of neuronal cells probably by promoting release of AIFM1 from mitochondria to cytoplasm and its translocation to the nucleus; however, the involvement of caspases has been reported conflictingly; Belongs to the UPF0389 family. (155 aa) |
| | Cd44 | CD44 antigen; Cell-surface receptor that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration, helping them to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment. Participates thereby in a wide variety of cellular functions including the activation, recirculation and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation and response to bacterial infection. Engages, through its ectodomain, extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan/HA, collagen, growth factors, cytokines or proteases and serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling, via its c [...] (780 aa) |
| | Rcn1 | Reticulocalbin-1; May regulate calcium-dependent activities in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen or post-ER compartment; Belongs to the CREC family. (325 aa) |
| | Sod2 | Superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial; Destroys superoxide anion radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems; Belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. (222 aa) |
| | Ctnnb1 | Catenin beta-1; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an [...] (781 aa) |
| | Elk3 | ETS domain-containing protein Elk-3; May be a negative regulator of transcription, but can activate transcription when coexpressed with Ras, Src or Mos. Forms a ternary complex with the serum response factor and the ETS and SRF motifs of the Fos serum response element. (409 aa) |
| | Pdhx | Pyruvate dehydrogenase protein X component, mitochondrial; Required for anchoring dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) to the dihydrolipoamide transacetylase (E2) core of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes of eukaryotes. This specific binding is essential for a functional PDH complex (By similarity). (501 aa) |
| | Mertk | Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer; Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including LGALS3, TUB, TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration, differentiation, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis). Ligand binding at the cell surface induces autophosphorylation of MERTK on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with GRB2 or PLCG2 and induces phosphorylation [...] (994 aa) |
| | Plg | Plasmin heavy chain A, short form; Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invas [...] (812 aa) |
| | Ankrd52 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory ankyrin repeat subunit C; Putative regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) that may be involved in the recognition of phosphoprotein substrates. (1076 aa) |
| | Plxnd1 | Plexin-D1; Cell surface receptor for SEMA4A and for class 3 semaphorins, such as SEMA3A, SEMA3C and SEMA3E. Plays an important role in cell-cell signaling, and in regulating the migration of a wide spectrum of cell types. Regulates the migration of thymocytes in the medulla. Regulates endothelial cell migration. Plays an important role in ensuring the specificity of synapse formation. Mediates anti-angiogenic signaling in response to SEMA3E. Required for normal development of the heart and vasculature. (1925 aa) |
| | Notch4 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4; Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). May regulate branching morphogenesis in the developing vascular system. (1964 aa) |
| | Ube2a | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 A; Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In association with the E3 enzyme BRE1 (RNF20 and/or RNF40), it plays a role in transcription regulation by catalyzing the monoubiquitination of histone H2B at 'Lys- 120' to form H2BK120ub1. H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, elongation by RNA polymerase II, telomeric silencing, and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11', as well as 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Requi [...] (152 aa) |
| | Il10 | Interleukin-10; Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in [...] (178 aa) |
| | Sdc4 | Syndecan-4; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Regulates exosome biogenesis in concert with SDCBP and PDCD6IP. Belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family. (198 aa) |
| | Mmp9 | Matrix metalloproteinase-9; Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (730 aa) |
| | Hnf4a | Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha; Transcriptional regulator which controls the expression of hepatic genes during the transition of endodermal cells to hepatic progenitor cells, facilitatating the recruitment of RNA pol II to the promoters of target genes (By similarity). Activates the transcription of CYP2C38. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 transcriptional activity and is essential for circadian rhythm maintenance and period regulation in the liver and colon cells ; Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily. (474 aa) |
| | Dhx40 | Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX40; Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. (779 aa) |
| | Nos2 | Nitric oxide synthase, inducible; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. Also has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such PTGS2/COX2. As component of the iNOS- S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex involved in the selective inflammatory stimulus-dependent S-nitrosylation of GAPDH implicated in regulation of the GAIT complex activity and probably multiple targets including ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM (By similarity [...] (1144 aa) |
| | Adora2b | Adenosine receptor A2b; Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (332 aa) |
| | Mmp7 | Matrilysin; Degrades casein, gelatins of types I, III, IV, and V, and fibronectin. Activates procollagenase (By similarity). (267 aa) |
| | Strn4 | Striatin-4; Binds calmodulin in a calcium dependent manner. May function as scaffolding or signaling protein; Belongs to the WD repeat striatin family. (760 aa) |
| | Cyb561 | Cytochrome b561; Secretory vesicle-specific electron transport protein. (250 aa) |
| | Fmc1 | Protein FMC1 homolog; Plays a role in the assembly/stability of the mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V). (113 aa) |
| | Nr2e1 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 1; Orphan receptor that binds DNA as a monomer to hormone response elements (HRE) containing an extended core motif half-site sequence 5'-AAGGTCA-3' in which the 5' flanking nucleotides participate in determining receptor specificity (By similarity). Regulates cell cycle progression in neural stem cells of rhe developing brain. Involved in the regulation of retinal development and essential for vision. During retinogenesis, regulates PTEN-Cyclin D expression via binding to the promoter region of PTEN and suppressing its activity. May be invol [...] (385 aa) |
| | Ntn4 | Netrin-4; May play an important role in neural, kidney and vascular development. Promotes neurite elongation from olfactory bulb explants. (628 aa) |
| | Timp3 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3; Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. May form part of a tissue-specific acute response to remodeling stimuli. (211 aa) |
| | Ddit4 | DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein; Regulates cell growth, proliferation and survival via inhibition of the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Inhibition of mTORC1 is mediated by a pathway that involves DDIT4/REDD1, AKT1, the TSC1-TSC2 complex and the GTPase RHEB. Plays an important role in responses to cellular energy levels and cellular stress, including responses to hypoxia and DNA damage. Regulates p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis in response to DNA damage via its effect on mTORC1 activity. Its role in the response to hypoxia depends on the cell typ [...] (229 aa) |
| | Igfbp3 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3; IGF-binding proteins prolong the half-life of the IGFs and have been shown to either inhibit or stimulate the growth promoting effects of the IGFs on cell culture. They alter the interaction of IGFs with their cell surface receptors. Also exhibits IGF-independent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects mediated by its receptor TMEM219/IGFBP-3R. (292 aa) |
| | Efemp1 | EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1; Binds EGFR, the EGF receptor, inducing EGFR autophosphorylation and the activation of downstream signaling pathways. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration. May function as a negative regulator of chondrocyte differentiation. In the olfactory epithelium, it may regulate glial cell migration, differentiation and the ability of glial cells to support neuronal neurite outgrowth (By similarity); Belongs to the fibulin family. (493 aa) |
| | Dbnl | Drebrin-like protein; Adapter protein that binds F-actin and DNM1, and thereby plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of cell projections, such as neurites, in neuron morphogenesis and synapse formation via its interaction with WASL and COBL. Does not bind G-actin and promote actin polymerization by itself. Required for the formation of organized podosome rosettes. May act as a common effector of antigen receptor-signaling pathways in leukocytes. Acts as a key component of the immunological synapse that reg [...] (436 aa) |
| | Fkbp1b | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B; Has the potential to contribute to the immunosuppressive and toxic effects of FK506 and rapamycin. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity); Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily. (108 aa) |
| | Itgb3 | Integrin beta-3; Integrin alpha-V/beta-3 (ITGAV:ITGB3) is a receptor for cytotactin, fibronectin, laminin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, osteopontin, osteomodulin, prothrombin, thrombospondin, vitronectin and von Willebrand factor. Integrin alpha-IIB/beta-3 (ITGA2B:ITGB3) is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin. Integrins alpha-IIB/beta-3 and alpha- V/beta-3 recognize the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands. Integrin alpha-IIB/beta-3 recognizes the sequence H-H-L-G-G-G-A-K-Q-A- G-D-V in fibrinogen gamma chain. Following ac [...] (787 aa) |
| | Nxn | Nucleoredoxin; Functions as a redox-dependent negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, possibly by preventing ubiquitination of DVL3 by the BCR(KLHL12) complex. May also function as a transcriptional regulator act as a regulator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Belongs to the nucleoredoxin family. (435 aa) |
| | Asb2 | Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 2; Probable substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins; Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family. (634 aa) |
| | Cts6 | Cathepsin-6; Belongs to the peptidase C1 family. (334 aa) |
| | Pcsk1 | Neuroendocrine convertase 1; Involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. Substrates include POMC, renin, enkephalin, dynorphin, somatostatin, insulin and AGRP. (753 aa) |
| | Lpcat1 | Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1; Possesses both acyltransferase and acetyltransferase activities. Activity is calcium-independent. Mediates the conversion of 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphocholine (LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (PC). Displays a clear preference for saturated fatty acyl- CoAs, and 1-myristoyl or 1-palmitoyl LPC as acyl donors and acceptors, respectively. May synthesize phosphatidylcholine in pulmonary surfactant, thereby playing a pivotal role in respiratory physiology. Involved in the regulation of lipid droplet number and size (By similarity). (534 aa) |
| | Plau | Urokinase-type plasminogen activator short chain A; Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (433 aa) |
| | Msmb | Beta-microseminoprotein; Belongs to the beta-microseminoprotein family. (113 aa) |
| | Fgf9 | Fibroblast growth factor 9; Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration. May have a role in glial cell growth and differentiation during development, gliosis during repair and regeneration of brain tissue after damage, differentiation and survival of neuronal cells, and growth stimulation of glial tumors. (208 aa) |
| | Sdc2 | Syndecan-2; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Regulates dendritic arbor morphogenesis. (202 aa) |
| | Angpt1 | Angiopoietin-1; Binds and activates TEK/TIE2 receptor by inducing its dimerization and tyrosine phosphorylation. Plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis, endothelial cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion and cell spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, but also maintenance of vascular quiescence. Required for normal angiogenesis and heart development during embryogenesis. After birth, activates or inhibits angiogenesis, depending on the context. Inhibits angiogenesis and promotes vascular stability in quiescent vessels, where endothelial cells [...] (498 aa) |
| | Adsl | Adenylosuccinate lyase; Catalyzes two non-sequential steps in de novo AMP synthesis: converts (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4- carboxamido)succinate (SAICAR) to fumarate plus 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D- ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide, and thereby also contributes to de novo IMP synthesis, and converts succinyladenosine monophosphate (SAMP) to AMP and fumarate; Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Adenylosuccinate lyase subfamily. (484 aa) |
| | Gpaa1 | Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment 1 protein; Essential for GPI-anchoring of precursor proteins but not for GPI synthesis. Acts before or during formation of the carbonyl intermediate. (621 aa) |
| | Prph2 | Peripherin-2; Essential for retina photoreceptor outer segment disk morphogenesis, may also play a role with ROM1 in the maintenance of outer segment disk structure. Required for the maintenance of retinal outer nuclear layer thickness. Required for the correct development and organization of the photoreceptor inner segment. Belongs to the PRPH2/ROM1 family. (346 aa) |
| | Rbm22 | Pre-mRNA-splicing factor RBM22; Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the activated spliceosome. Involved in the first step of pre-mRNA splicing. Binds directly to the internal stem-loop (ISL) domain of the U6 snRNA and to the pre-mRNA intron near the 5' splice site during the activation and catalytic phases of the spliceosome cycle. Involved in both translocations of the nuclear SLU7 to the cytoplasm and the cytosolic calcium-binding protein PDCD6 to the nucleus upon cellular stress responses; Belongs to the SLT11 family. (420 aa) |
| | Pdgfrb | Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for homodimeric PDGFB and PDGFD and for heterodimers formed by PDGFA and PDGFB, and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, chemotaxis and migration. Plays an essential role in blood vessel development by promoting proliferation, migration and recruitment of pericytes and smooth muscle cells to endothelial cells. Plays a role in the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and the formation of neointima at v [...] (1099 aa) |
| | Cpt1a | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform; Catalyzes the transfer of the acyl group of long-chain fatty acid-CoA conjugates onto carnitine, an essential step for the mitochondrial uptake of long-chain fatty acids and their subsequent beta-oxidation in the mitochondrion. Plays an important role in triglyceride metabolism; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (773 aa) |
| | Lrp5 | Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5; Acts as a coreceptor with members of the frizzled family of seven-transmembrane spanning receptors to transduce signal by Wnt proteins. Activates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that controls cell fate determination and self-renewal during embryonic development and adult tissue regeneration. In particular, may play an important role in the development of the posterior patterning of the epiblast during gastrulation. During bone development, regulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation thus determining bone mass. Mechanist [...] (1614 aa) |
| | Bbs4 | Bardet-Biedl syndrome 4 protein homolog; The BBSome complex is thought to function as a coat complex required for sorting of specific membrane proteins to the primary cilia. The BBSome complex is required for ciliogenesis but is dispensable for centriolar satellite function. This ciliogenic function is mediated in part by the Rab8 GDP/GTP exchange factor, which localizes to the basal body and contacts the BBSome. Rab8(GTP) enters the primary cilium and promotes extension of the ciliary membrane. Firstly the BBSome associates with the ciliary membrane and binds to RAB3IP/Rabin8, the gua [...] (520 aa) |
| | Shmt2 | Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the cleavage of serine to glycine accompanied with the production of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, an essential intermediate for purine biosynthesis (By similarity). Serine provides the major source of folate one-carbon in cells by catalyzing the transfer of one carbon from serine to tetrahydrofolate (By similarity). Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway via its role in glycine and tetrahydrofolate metabolism: thymidylate biosynthesis is required to prevent uracil accumulation in mtDNA (By s [...] (504 aa) |
| | Mfsd8 | Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 8; May be a carrier that transport small solutes by using chemiosmotic ion gradients; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (519 aa) |
| | Nrp1 | Neuropilin-1; Receptor involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, in angiogenesis, in the formation of certain neuronal circuits and in organogenesis outside the nervous system (By similarity). Mediates the chemorepulsant activity of semaphorins. Binds to semaphorin 3A, the PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, the VEGF165 isoform of VEGFA and VEGFB (By similarity). Coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis. Regulates VEGF-induced angiogenesis (By similarity). Binding to VEGFA initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron [...] (923 aa) |
| | Rp1 | Oxygen-regulated protein 1; Microtubule-associated protein regulating the stability and length of the microtubule-based axoneme of photoreceptors. Required for the differentiation of photoreceptor cells, it plays a role in the organization of the outer segment of rod and cone photoreceptors ensuring the correct orientation and higher-order stacking of outer segment disks along the photoreceptor axoneme. (2095 aa) |
| | Ptp4a1 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 1; Protein tyrosine phosphatase which stimulates progression from G1 into S phase during mitosis. May play a role in the development and maintenance of differentiating epithelial tissues (By similarity). (173 aa) |
| | Klhl12 | Kelch-like protein 12; Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that acts as a negative regulator of Wnt signaling pathway and ER-Golgi transport. The BCR(KLHL12) complex is involved in ER-Golgi transport by regulating the size of COPII coats, thereby playing a key role in collagen export, which is required for embryonic stem (ES) cells division: BCR(KLHL12) acts by mediating monoubiquitination of SEC31 (SEC31A or SEC31B). The BCR(KLHL12) complex is also involved in neural crest specification: in response to cytosolic calcium increase, interacts w [...] (568 aa) |
| | Prkcq | Protein kinase C theta type; Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)- dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that mediates non-redundant functions in T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, including T-cells activation, proliferation, differentiation and survival, by mediating activation of multiple transcription factors such as NF-kappa-B, JUN, NFATC1 and NFATC2. In TCR-CD3/CD28-co-stimulated T-cells, is required for the activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN, which in turn are essential for IL2 production, and participates in the calcium-dependent NFATC1 and NFATC2 transact [...] (707 aa) |
| | Notch1 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1; Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged-1 (JAG1), Jagged-2 (JAG2) and Delta-1 (DLL1) to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs. Involved in angiogenesis; negatively regulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration and angiogenic sprouting. Involved in the [...] (2531 aa) |
| | Wdsub1 | WD repeat, SAM and U-box domain-containing protein 1. (474 aa) |
| | Cstf3 | Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 3; One of the multiple factors required for polyadenylation and 3'-end cleavage of mammalian pre-mRNAs. (717 aa) |
| | Cd82 | CD82 antigen; Associates with CD4 or CD8 and delivers costimulatory signals for the TCR/CD3 pathway; Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family. (266 aa) |
| | Jag1 | Protein jagged-1; Ligand for multiple Notch receptors and involved in the mediation of Notch signaling. May be involved in cell-fate decisions during hematopoiesis. Seems to be involved in early and late stages of mammalian cardiovascular development. Inhibits myoblast differentiation (By similarity). May regulate fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis. (1218 aa) |
| | Pik3ca | Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to v [...] (1068 aa) |
| | Mfsd1 | Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 1. (464 aa) |
| | Etfdh | Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial; Accepts electrons from ETF and reduces ubiquinone. (616 aa) |
| | Slc25a24 | Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein SCaMC-1; Calcium-dependent mitochondrial solute carrier. Mediates the reversible, electroneutral exchange of Mg-ATP or Mg-ADP against phosphate ions, catalyzing the net uptake or efflux of adenine nucleotides across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Nucleotide transport is inactive when cytosolic calcium levels are low, and is activated by an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. May play a role in protecting cells against oxidative stress-induced cell death, probably by promoting the formation of calcium-phosphate precipitates in the mitoc [...] (475 aa) |
| | Jtb | Protein JTB; Required for normal cytokinesis during mitosis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation. May be a component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Increases AURKB activity (By similarity). Inhibits apoptosis induced by TGFB1. Overexpression induces swelling of mitochondria and reduces mitochondrial membrane [...] (146 aa) |
| | Lef1 | Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1; Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway. Activates transcription of target genes in the presence of CTNNB1 and EP300. May play a role in hair cell differentiation and follicle morphogenesis. TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by LEF1 and CTNNB1 (By similarity). Regulates T-cell receptor alpha enhancer function. Binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner. PIASG antagonizes both Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent activation by LEF1. (397 aa) |
| | Sfrp2 | Secreted frizzled-related protein 2; Soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPS) function as modulators of Wnt signaling through direct interaction with Wnts. They have a role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in specific cell types. SFRP2 may be important for eye retinal development and for myogenesis. (295 aa) |
| | Adam15 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 15; Active metalloproteinase with gelatinolytic and collagenolytic activity. Plays a role in the wound healing process. Mediates both heterotypic intraepithelial cell/T-cell interactions and homotypic T-cell aggregation. Inhibits beta-1 integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration of airway smooth muscle cells. Suppresses cell motility on or towards fibronectin possibly by driving alpha-v/beta-1 integrin (ITAGV-ITGB1) cell surface expression via ERK1/2 inactivation. Cleaves E-cadherin in response to growth factor deprivation. [...] (864 aa) |
| | F3 | Tissue factor; Initiates blood coagulation by forming a complex with circulating factor VII or VIIa. The [TF:VIIa] complex activates factors IX or X by specific limited proteolysis. TF plays a role in normal hemostasis by initiating the cell-surface assembly and propagation of the coagulation protease cascade. (294 aa) |
| | Cyp7a1 | Cytochrome P450 7A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endogenous cholesterol and its oxygenated derivatives (oxysterols) (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (By similarity). Functions as a critical regulatory enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bond at 7-alpha position of [...] (503 aa) |
| | Rcc1 | Regulator of chromosome condensation; Guanine-nucleotide releasing factor that promotes the exchange of Ran-bound GDP by GTP, and thereby plays an important role in RAN-mediated functions in nuclear import and mitosis. Contributes to the generation of high levels of chromosome-associated, GTP-bound RAN, which is important for mitotic spindle assembly and normal progress through mitosis. Via its role in maintaining high levels of GTP-bound RAN in the nucleus, contributes to the release of cargo proteins from importins after nuclear import. Involved in the regulation of onset of chromoso [...] (434 aa) |
| | Nos3 | Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. NO mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets. May play a significant role in normal and abnormal limb development; Belongs to the NOS family. (1202 aa) |
| | Wsb2 | WD repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 2; May be a substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. (404 aa) |
| | Ift81 | Intraflagellar transport protein 81 homolog; Component of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex B: together with IFT74, forms a tubulin-binding module that specifically mediates transport of tubulin within the cilium. Binds tubulin via its CH (calponin-homology)-like region. Required for ciliogenesis. Required for proper regulation of SHH signaling. [Isoform CDV-1R]: May play a role in development of the testis and spermatogenesis. (676 aa) |
| | Anxa3 | Annexin A3; Inhibitor of phospholipase A2, also possesses anti-coagulant properties; Belongs to the annexin family. (323 aa) |
| | Pde6b | Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta; This protein participates in processes of transmission and amplification of the visual signal. Necessary for the formation of a functional phosphodiesterase holoenzyme. (856 aa) |
| | Prkab1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1; Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a reg [...] (270 aa) |
| | Mrm2 | rRNA methyltransferase 2, mitochondrial; S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of 2'-O-methyluridine at position 1369 (Um1369) in the 16S mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA (mtLSU rRNA), a universally conserved modification in the peptidyl transferase domain of the mtLSU rRNA. (246 aa) |
| | Lfng | Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe; Glycosyltransferase that initiates the elongation of O-linked fucose residues attached to EGF-like repeats in the extracellular domain of Notch molecules. Modulates NOTCH1 activity by modifying O- fucose residues at specific EGF-like domains resulting in inhibition of NOTCH1 activation by JAG1 and enhancement of NOTCH1 activation by DLL1 via an increase in its binding to DLL1. Decreases the binding of JAG1 to NOTCH2 but not that of DLL1 (By similarity). Essential mediator of somite segmentation and patterning. During somite bound [...] (378 aa) |
| | Pan3 | PAN2-PAN3 deadenylation complex subunit Pan3; Regulatory subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in general and miRNA-mediated mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein (PABP). PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent mRNA deca [...] (837 aa) |
| | Tspan12 | Tetraspanin-12; Regulator of cell surface receptor signal transduction. Acts as a regulator of membrane proteinases such as ADAM10 and MMP14/MT1- MMP. Activates ADAM10-dependent cleavage activity of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Activates MMP14/MT1-MMP-dependent cleavage activity (By similarity). Plays a central role in retinal vascularization by regulating norrin (NDP) signal transduction. Acts in concert with norrin (NDP) to promote FZD4 multimerization and subsequent activation of FZD4, leading to promote accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and stimulate LEF/TCF-mediated transc [...] (305 aa) |
| | 2210010C04Rik | RIKEN cDNA 2210010C04 gene; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (247 aa) |
| | Bmp10 | Bone morphogenetic protein 10; Required for maintaining the proliferative activity of embryonic cardiomyocytes by preventing premature activation of the negative cell cycle regulator CDKN1C/p57KIP and maintaining the required expression levels of cardiogenic factors such as MEF2C and NKX2-5. Acts as a ligand for ACVRL1/ALK1, BMPR1A/ALK3 and BMPR1B/ALK6, leading to activation of SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD8 transcription factors. Inhibits endothelial cell migration and growth. May reduce cell migration and cell matrix adhesion in breast cancer cell lines (By similarity). Belongs to the TGF-be [...] (421 aa) |
| | Slc6a6 | Sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporter; Sodium-dependent taurine and beta-alanine transporter. Chloride ions are necessary for optimal uptake. (621 aa) |
| | Rho | Rhodopsin; Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth. Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G-proteins. Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of the bound G-protein alpha subunit by the arrestin SAG and terminates signaling. (348 aa) |
| | Tub | Tubby protein; Functions in signal transduction from heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors. Binds to membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Can bind DNA (in vitro). May contribute to the regulation of transcription in the nucleus. Could be involved in the hypothalamic regulation of body weight. Contribute to stimulation of phagocytosis of apoptotic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and macrophages (By similarity). (505 aa) |
| | Ftsj1 | Putative tRNA (cytidine(32)/guanosine(34)-2'-O)-methyltransferase; Methylates the 2'-O-ribose of nucleotides at positions 32 and 34 of the tRNA anticodon loop of substrate tRNAs. (324 aa) |
| | Angpt2 | Angiopoietin-2; Binds to TEK/TIE2, competing for the ANGPT1 binding site, and modulating ANGPT1 signaling. Can induce tyrosine phosphorylation of TEK/TIE2 in the absence of ANGPT1. In the absence of angiogenic inducers, such as VEGF, ANGPT2-mediated loosening of cell-matrix contacts may induce endothelial cell apoptosis with consequent vascular regression. In concert with VEGF, it may facilitate endothelial cell migration and proliferation, thus serving as a permissive angiogenic signal (By similarity). (496 aa) |
| | Col4a1 | Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain; Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen. (1669 aa) |
| | Plat | Tissue-type plasminogen activator chain A; Converts the abundant, but inactive, zymogen plasminogen to plasmin by hydrolyzing a single Arg-Val bond in plasminogen. By controlling plasmin-mediated proteolysis, it plays an important role in tissue remodeling and degradation, in cell migration and many other physiopathological events; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (559 aa) |
| | Gsr | Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial; Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol. (500 aa) |
| | Mmp2 | 72 kDa type IV collagenase; Ubiquitinous metalloproteinase that is involved in diverse functions such as remodeling of the vasculature, angiogenesis, tissue repair, tumor invasion, inflammation, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture. As well as degrading extracellular matrix proteins, can also act on several nonmatrix proteins such as big endothelial 1 and beta- type CGRP promoting vasoconstriction. Also cleaves KISS at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Appears to have a role in myocardial cell death pathways. Contributes to myocardial oxidative stress by regulating the activity of GSK3beta. Cleaves GSK3 [...] (662 aa) |
| | Emc8 | ER membrane protein complex subunit 8; Belongs to the EMC8/EMC9 family. (207 aa) |
| | Cdh5 | Cadherin-5; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins (By similarity). They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types (By similarity). This cadherin may play an important role in endothelial cell biology through control of the cohesion and organization of the intercellular junctions. It associates with alpha-catenin forming a link to the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Acts in concert with KRIT1 and MPP5 to establish and maintain correct endothelial cell polarit [...] (784 aa) |
| | Ldlr | Low-density lipoprotein receptor; Binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits; Belongs to the LDLR family. (862 aa) |
| | Csk | Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, migration and immune response. Phosphorylates tyrosine residues located in the C- terminal tails of Src-family kinases (SFKs) including LCK, SRC, HCK, FYN, LYN, CSK or YES1. Upon tail phosphorylation, Src-family members engage in intramolecular interactions between the phosphotyrosine tail and the SH2 domain that result in an inactive conformation. To inhibit SFKs, CSK is recruited to the plasma membrane via binding to transmembrane proteins [...] (450 aa) |
| | Stoml1 | Stomatin-like protein 1; May play a role in cholesterol transfer to late endosomes (By similarity). May play a role in modulating membrane acid-sensing ion channels. Can specifically inhibit proton-gated current of ASIC1 isoform 1. Can increase inactivation speed of ASIC3. May be involved in regulation of proton sensing in dorsal root ganglions ; Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family. (399 aa) |
| | Lactb | Serine beta-lactamase-like protein LACTB, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial serine protease that acts as a regulator of mitochondrial lipid metabolism (By similarity). Acts by decreasing protein levels of PISD, a mitochondrial enzyme that converts phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), thereby affecting mitochondrial lipid metabolism (By similarity). It is unclear whether it acts directly by mediating proteolysis of PISD or by mediating proteolysis of another lipid metabolism protein (By similarity). Acts as a tumor suppressor that has the ability to inhibit proli [...] (551 aa) |
| | Copb2 | Coatomer subunit beta; The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin- coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also infl [...] (905 aa) |
| | Ptgs2 | Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays imp [...] (604 aa) |
| | Trf | Serotransferrin; Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate. It is responsible for the transport of iron from sites of absorption and heme degradation to those of storage and utilization. Serum transferrin may also have a further role in stimulating cell proliferation. (697 aa) |
| | Nbas | Neuroblastoma-amplified sequence. (2356 aa) |
| | Nostrin | Nostrin; Multivalent adapter protein which may decrease NOS3 activity by inducing its translocation away from the plasma membrane. (506 aa) |
| | Rpgr | X-linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator; Could be a guanine-nucleotide releasing factor (By similarity). Plays a role in ciliogenesis (By similarity). Probably regulates cilia formation by regulating actin stress filaments and cell contractility (By similarity). May be involved in microtubule organization and regulation of transport in primary cilia (By similarity). Plays an important role in photoreceptor integrity. Isoform 5 may play a critical role in spermatogenesis and in intraflagellar transport processes. (1039 aa) |
| | AW549877 | UPF0600 protein C5orf51 homolog. (294 aa) |
| | Slx4 | Structure-specific endonuclease subunit SLX4; Regulatory subunit that interacts with and increases the activity of different structure-specific endonucleases. Has several distinct roles in protecting genome stability by resolving diverse forms of deleterious DNA structures originating from replication and recombination intermediates and from DNA damage. Component of the SLX1- SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease that resolves DNA secondary structures generated during DNA repair and recombination. Has endonuclease activity towards branched DNA substrates, introducing single-strand cuts [...] (1565 aa) |
| | Vhl | Von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor; Involved in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex. Seems to act as a target recruitment subunit in the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and recruits hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) under normoxic conditions. Involved in transcriptional repression through interaction with HIF1A, HIF1AN and histone deacetylases. Ubiquitinates, in an oxygen-responsive manner, ADRB2 (By similarity); Belongs to the VHL family. (181 aa) |
| | Pkn2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase N2; PKC-related serine/threonine-protein kinase and Rho/Rac effector protein that participates in specific signal transduction responses in the cell. Plays a role in the regulation of cell cycle progression, actin cytoskeleton assembly, cell migration, cell adhesion, tumor cell invasion and transcription activation signaling processes. Phosphorylates CTTN in hyaluronan-induced astrocytes and hence decreases CTTN ability to associate with filamentous actin. Phosphorylates HDAC5, therefore lead to impair HDAC5 import. Direct RhoA target required for the re [...] (983 aa) |
| | Atoh7 | Protein atonal homolog 7; Transcription factor involved in the differentiation of most retinal ganglion cells, including those constituting the retino- hypothalamic tract. (149 aa) |
| | Dcbld2 | Discoidin, CUB and LCCL domain-containing protein 2. (769 aa) |
| | Slc44a3 | Choline transporter-like protein 3. (656 aa) |
| | Atp6v1h | V-type proton ATPase subunit H; Subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase. Subunit H activates the ATPase activity of the enzyme and couples ATPase activity to proton flow. Vacuolar ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells, thus providing most of the energy required for transport processes in the vacuolar system. Involved in the endocytosis mediated by clathrin- coated pits, required for the formation of endosomes (By similarity). (483 aa) |
| | Apmap | Adipocyte plasma membrane-associated protein; Exhibits strong arylesterase activity with beta-naphthyl acetate and phenyl acetate (By similarity). May play a role in adipocyte differentiation. (415 aa) |
| | Clic4 | Chloride intracellular channel protein 4; Can insert into membranes and form poorly selective ion channels that may also transport chloride ions. Channel activity depends on the pH. Membrane insertion seems to be redox-regulated and may occur only under oxydizing conditions. Promotes cell-surface expression of HRH3 (By similarity). May play a role in angiogenesis. (253 aa) |
| | Tex2 | Testis-expressed protein 2. (1128 aa) |
| | Thap1 | THAP domain-containing protein 1; DNA-binding transcription regulator that regulates endothelial cell proliferation and G1/S cell-cycle progression. Specifically binds the 5'-[AT]NTNN[GT]GGCA[AGT]-3' core DNA sequence and acts by modulating expression of pRB-E2F cell-cycle target genes, including RRM1. Component of a THAP1/THAP3-HCFC1-OGT complex that is required for the regulation of the transcriptional activity of RRM1. May also have pro-apoptotic activity by potentiating both serum- withdrawal and TNF-induced apoptosis (By similarity). (210 aa) |
| | Rnf113a1 | Ring finger protein 113A1. (341 aa) |
| | Lama1 | Laminin subunit alpha-1; Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components. (3083 aa) |
| | Tbc1d1 | TBC1 domain family member 1; May act as a GTPase-activating protein for Rab family protein(s). May play a role in the cell cycle and differentiation of various tissues. Involved in the trafficking and translocation of GLUT4-containing vesicles and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into cells. (1255 aa) |
| | Cacna2d4 | Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4; The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel. (1144 aa) |
| | Vps13b | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13B; May be involved in protein sorting in post Golgi membrane traffic; Belongs to the VPS13 family. (3993 aa) |
| | Bphl | Valacyclovir hydrolase; Serine hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolytic activation of amino acid ester prodrugs of nucleoside analogs such as valacyclovir and valganciclovir. Activates valacyclovir to acyclovir. May play a role in detoxification processes. It is a specific alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase that prefers small, hydrophobic, and aromatic side chains and does not have a stringent requirement for the leaving group other than preferring a primary alcohol (By similarity). (291 aa) |
| | Ndp | Norrin; Activates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway through FZD4 and LRP5 coreceptor. Plays a central role in retinal vascularization by acting as a ligand for FZD4 that signals via stabilizing beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and activating LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs. Acts in concert with TSPAN12 to activate FZD4 independently of the Wnt- dependent activation of FZD4, suggesting the existence of a Wnt- independent signaling that also promote accumulation the beta-catenin (CTNNB1). May be involved in a pathway that regulates neural cell differentiation and proliferation. Possible [...] (131 aa) |
| | Lss | Lanosterol synthase; Catalyzes the cyclization of (S)-2,3 oxidosqualene to lanosterol, a reaction that forms the sterol nucleus. Through the production of lanosterol may regulate lens protein aggregation and increase transparency. (733 aa) |
| | Abitram | Protein Abitram; Actin-binding protein that regulates actin polymerization, filopodia dynamics and increases the branching of proximal dendrites of developing neurons; Belongs to the ABITRAM family. (193 aa) |
| | Jmjd6 | Bifunctional arginine demethylase and lysyl-hydroxylase JMJD6; Dioxygenase that can both act as a arginine demethylase and a lysyl-hydroxylase. Acts as a lysyl-hydroxylase that catalyzes 5- hydroxylation on specific lysine residues of target proteins such as U2AF2/U2AF65 and LUC7L2. Regulates RNA splicing by mediating 5- hydroxylation of U2AF2/U2AF65, affecting the pre-mRNA splicing activity of U2AF2/U2AF65. Hydroxylates its own N-terminus, which is required for homooligomerization. In addition to peptidyl-lysine 5-dioxygenase activity, may act as an RNA hydroxylase, as suggested by it [...] (403 aa) |
| | Syne2 | Nesprin-2; Multi-isomeric modular protein which forms a linking network between organelles and the actin cytoskeleton to maintain the subcellular spatial organization. As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. Specifically, SYNE2 and SUN2 assemble in arrays of transmembrane acti [...] (6874 aa) |
| | Actrt3 | Actin-related protein T3; Belongs to the actin family. (369 aa) |
| | Ccdc88a | Girdin; Bifunctional modulator of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) (By similarity). Acts as a non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor which binds to and activates guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) alpha subunits (By similarity). Also acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha GNAS (By similarity). Essential for cell migration (By similarity). Interacts in complex with G(i) alpha subunits with the EGFR receptor, retaining EGFR at the cell membrane following ligand stimulation and promoting E [...] (1845 aa) |
| | Tulp1 | Tubby-related protein 1; Required for normal development of photoreceptor synapses. Required for normal photoreceptor function and for long-term survival of photoreceptor cells. Interacts with cytoskeleton proteins and may play a role in protein transport in photoreceptor cells. Binds lipids, especially phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4- phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4- bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-bisphosphate, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid (in vitro) (By similari [...] (543 aa) |
| | Ift172 | Intraflagellar transport protein 172 homolog; Required for the maintenance and formation of cilia. Plays an indirect role in hedgehog (Hh) signaling, cilia being required for all activity of the hedgehog pathway. (1749 aa) |
| | Klk5 | Kallikrein-related-peptidase 5; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (293 aa) |
| | Fzd4 | Frizzled-4; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin (CTNNB1) canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and activation of Wnt target genes. Plays a critical role in retinal vascularization by acting as a receptor for Wnt proteins and norrin (NDP). In retina, it can be activated by Wnt protein-binding and also by Wnt-independent signaling via binding of norrin (NDP), promoting in both cases beta-catenin (CTNNB1) accumulation and sti [...] (537 aa) |
| | Gnat2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Transducin is an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP- phosphodiesterase; Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily. (354 aa) |
| | Dnd1 | Dead end protein homolog 1; RNA-binding factor that positively regulates gene expression by prohibiting miRNA-mediated gene suppression (By similarity). Relieves miRNA repression in germline cells (By similarity). Prohibits the function of several miRNAs by blocking the accessibility of target mRNAs (By similarity). Sequence-specific RNA-binding factor that binds specifically to U-rich regions (URRs) in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of several mRNAs (By similarity). Does not bind to miRNAs (By similarity). Isoform 1 may play a role during primordial germ cell (PGC) survival. Howe [...] (352 aa) |
| | Ifi27l2a | Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27-like protein 2A; May be involved in the interferon-induced negative regulation of the transcriptional activity of NR4A1, NR4A2 and NR4A3 through the enhancement of XPO1-mediated nuclear export of these nuclear receptors. Through the regulation of NR4A1 transcriptional activity, may play a role in the vascular response to injury. (90 aa) |
| | Xbp1 | X-box-binding protein 1, cytoplasmic form; Functions as a transcription factor during endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). Required for cardiac myogenesis and hepatogenesis during embryonic development and the development of secretory tissues such as exocrine pancreas and salivary gland. Involved in differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells and production of immunoglobulins. Modulates the cellular response to ER stress in a PIK3R-dependent manner. Binds to the cis-acting X box present in the promoter regions of major histocompatibility [...] (267 aa) |
| | Vstm4 | V-set and transmembrane domain-containing protein 4; Peptide Lv enhances L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L- VGCC) currents in retinal photoreceptors. (319 aa) |
| | Crb2 | Protein crumbs homolog 2; Apical polarity protein that plays a central role during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at gastrulation, when newly specified mesodermal cells move inside the embryo. Acts by promoting cell ingression, the process by which cells leave the epithelial epiblast and move inside the embryo to form a new tissue layer. The anisotropic distribution of CRB2 and MYH10/myosin-IIB at cell edges define which cells will ingress: cells with high apical CRB2 are probably extruded from the epiblast by neighboring cells with high levels of apical MYH10/myosin- I [...] (1282 aa) |
| | 1700001O22Rik | RIKEN cDNA 1700001O22 gene. (375 aa) |
| | Slc4a7 | Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 3; Electroneutral sodium- and bicarbonate-dependent cotransporter with a Na(+):HCO3(-) 1:1 stoichiometry. Regulates intracellular pH and may play a role in bicarbonate salvage in secretory epithelia. May also have an associated sodium channel activity; Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family. (1131 aa) |
| | Fads6 | Fatty acid desaturase 6. (342 aa) |
| | Fkrp | Fukutin-related protein; Catalyzes the transfer of CDP-ribitol to ribitol 5-phosphate previously attached by FKTN/fukutin of to the phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide (N-acetylgalactosamine-beta-3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-4- (phosphate-6-)mannose), a carbohydrate structure present in alpha- dystroglycan (DAG1) (By similarity). This constitutes the second step in the formation of the ribose 5-phosphate tandem repeat which links the phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide to the ligand binding moiety composed of repeats of 3-xylosyl-alpha-1,3-glucuronic acid-beta- 1 (By similarity). (494 aa) |
| | Tmem11 | Transmembrane protein 11, mitochondrial; Plays a role in mitochondrial morphogenesis. (190 aa) |
| | Rhoj | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoJ; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase specifically involved in angiogenesis (By similarity). Required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development via its interaction with GLUL (By similarity). Elicits the formation of F-actin-rich structures, thereby regulating endothelial cell migration. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. (214 aa) |
| | Crb1 | Protein crumbs homolog 1; Plays a role in photoreceptor morphogenesis in the retina. May maintain cell polarization and adhesion. Isoform 3 could play a role in epidermal tissue morphogenesis. May function in cell attachment for stratified epithelial organization; Belongs to the Crumbs protein family. (1405 aa) |
| | Tgfbr2 | TGF-beta receptor type-2; Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF- beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non- promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinoge [...] (592 aa) |
| | Zfp459 | Zinc finger protein 459. (267 aa) |
| | Fbrsl1 | Fibrosin-like 1. (1031 aa) |
| | Ndufa8 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (172 aa) |
| | Per2 | Period circadian protein homolog 2; Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardi [...] (1257 aa) |
| | Rhob | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB; Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascul [...] (196 aa) |
| | Lep | Leptin; Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways. In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, increases basal met [...] (167 aa) |
| | Lif | Leukemia inhibitory factor; LIF has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. Its activities include the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, the induction of neuronal cell differentiation, and the stimulation of acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes; Belongs to the LIF/OSM family. (203 aa) |
| | Ephx2 | Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2; Bifunctional enzyme. The C-terminal domain has epoxide hydrolase activity and acts on epoxides (alkene oxides, oxiranes) and arene oxides. Plays a role in xenobiotic metabolism by degrading potentially toxic epoxides. Also determines steady-state levels of physiological mediators. The N-terminal domain has lipid phosphatase activity, with the highest activity towards threo-9,10-phosphonooxy- hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, followed by erythro-9,10-phosphonooxy- hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9Z-enoic acid and 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9E-e [...] (554 aa) |
| | Rras2 | Ras-related protein R-Ras2; It is a plasma membrane-associated GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity. Might transduce growth inhibitory signals across the cell membrane, exerting its effect through an effector shared with the Ras proteins but in an antagonistic fashion. (204 aa) |
| | Bmper | BMP-binding endothelial regulator protein; Inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) function, it may regulate BMP responsiveness of osteoblasts and chondrocytes. (685 aa) |
| | Syt9 | Synaptotagmin-9; May be involved in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of secretory vesicles through Ca(2+) and phospholipid binding to the C2 domain or may serve as Ca(2+) sensors in the process of vesicular trafficking and exocytosis; Belongs to the synaptotagmin family. (491 aa) |
| | Sema3e | Semaphorin-3E; Plays an important role in signaling via the cell surface receptor PLXND1. Mediates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, leading to the retraction of cell projections. Promotes focal adhesion disassembly and inhibits adhesion of endothelial cells to the extracellular matrix. Regulates angiogenesis, both during embryogenesis and after birth. Can down-regulate sprouting angiogenesis. Required for normal vascular patterning during embryogenesis. Plays an important role in ensuring the specificity of synapse formation. Belongs to the semaphorin family. (775 aa) |
| | Bmp4 | Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction. (408 aa) |
| | Prom1 | Prominin-1; May play a role in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Binds cholesterol in cholesterol-containing plasma membrane microdomains and may play a role in the organization of the apical plasma membrane in epithelial cells. During early retinal development acts as a key regulator of disk morphogenesis. Involved in regulation of MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. In neuroblastoma cells suppresses cell differentiation such as neurite outgrowth in a RET-dependent manner. (867 aa) |
| | Cr1l | Complement component receptor 1-like protein; Acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease which protects autologous cells against complement-mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. Also acts as a decay- accelerating factor, preventing the formation of C4b2a and C3bBb, the amplification convertases of the complement cascade. Plays a crucial role in early embryonic development by maintaining fetomaternal tolerance. Also acts as a costimulatory factor for T-cells which favors IL-4 secretion. (440 aa) |
| | Gjc3 | Gap junction gamma-3 protein; One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell; Belongs to the connexin family. Gamma-type subfamily. (269 aa) |
| | Obp2a | Odorant-binding protein 2a; May play a role in male fertility. May act as a retinoid carrier protein within the epididymis. (176 aa) |
| | Trim31 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM31; May have E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (By similarity). Regulator of Src-induced anchorage independent cell growth. (507 aa) |
| | Lrrc51 | Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 51. (192 aa) |
| | Notch2 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2; Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged-1 (JAG1), Jagged-2 (JAG2) and Delta-1 (DLL1) to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs. May play an essential role in postimplantation development, probably in some aspect of cell specification and/or differentiation (By [...] (2473 aa) |
| | Hsf2 | Heat shock factor protein 2; DNA-binding protein that specifically binds heat shock promoter elements (HSE) and activates transcription. In higher eukaryotes, HSF is unable to bind to the HSE unless the cells are heat shocked. HSF2 is expressed in a form that binds DNA constitutively but loses DNA binding by incubation at greater than 41 degrees C. (517 aa) |
| | Krit1 | Krev interaction trapped protein 1; Component of the CCM signaling pathway which is a crucial regulator of heart and vessel formation and integrity. Negative regulator of angiogenesis. Inhibits endothelial proliferation, apoptosis, migration, lumen formation and sprouting angiogenesis in primary endothelial cells. Promotes AKT phosphorylation in a NOTCH- dependent and independent manner, and inhibits ERK1/2 phosphorylation indirectly through activation of the DELTA-NOTCH cascade. Acts in concert with CDH5 to establish and maintain correct endothelial cell polarity and vascular lumen an [...] (736 aa) |
| | Zbtb24 | Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 24; May be involved in BMP2-induced transcription. (710 aa) |
| | Nphp4 | Nephrocystin-4; Involved in the organization of apical junctions; the function is proposed to implicate a NPHP1-4-8 module. Does not seem to be strictly required for ciliogenesis (By similarity). Required for building functional cilia. Involved in the organization of the subapical actin network in multiciliated epithelial cells. Seems to recruit INT to basal bodies of motile cilia which subsequently interacts with actin-modifying proteins such as DAAM1 (By similarity). In cooperation with INVS may downregulate the canonical Wnt pathway and promote the Wnt-PCP pathway by regulating expr [...] (1425 aa) |
| | Milr1 | Allergin-1; Immunoglobulin-like receptor which plays an inhibitory role in degranulation of mast cells. Negatively regulates IgE-mediated mast cell activation and suppresses the type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction. (246 aa) |
| | Gpr25 | Probable G-protein coupled receptor 25; Orphan receptor; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (358 aa) |
| | Icam1 | Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; ICAM proteins are ligands for the leukocyte adhesion protein LFA-1 (integrin alpha-L/beta-2). During leukocyte trans-endothelial migration, ICAM1 engagement promotes the assembly of endothelial apical cups through ARHGEF26/SGEF and RHOG activation (By similarity). (537 aa) |
| | Notch3 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3; Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). May play a role during CNS development. (2318 aa) |
| | S1pr3 | Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3; Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. (378 aa) |
| | Gbx1 | Homeobox protein GBX-1. (418 aa) |
| | Ncald | Neurocalcin-delta; May be involved in the calcium-dependent regulation of rhodopsin phosphorylation. Binds three calcium ions (By similarity). Belongs to the recoverin family. (193 aa) |
| | Ap1g1 | AP-1 complex subunit gamma-1; Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. (825 aa) |
| | Ccnd1 | G1/S-specific cyclin-D1; Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. A [...] (295 aa) |
| | Ifit1bl2 | Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1B-like 2. (466 aa) |
| | Rom1 | Rod outer segment membrane protein 1; Plays a role in rod outer segment (ROS) morphogenesis. May play a role with PRPH2 in the maintenance of the structure of ROS curved disks (By similarity). Plays a role in the organization of the ROS and maintenance of ROS disk diameter. Involved in the maintenance of the retina outer nuclear layer. (351 aa) |
| | Pigq | Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit Q; Part of the complex catalyzing the transfer of N- acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol, the first step of GPI biosynthesis. (641 aa) |
| | Fgfr1op | FGFR1 oncogene partner; Required for anchoring microtubules to the centrosomes. Required for ciliation; Belongs to the FGFR1OP family. (399 aa) |
| | Rnf38 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF38; Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase able to ubiquitinate p53/TP53 which promotes its relocalization to discrete foci associated with PML nuclear bodies. Exhibits preference for UBE2D2 as a E2 enzyme. (464 aa) |
| | Ppfibp2 | Liprin-beta-2; May regulate the disassembly of focal adhesions. Did not bind receptor-like tyrosine phosphatases type 2A (By similarity). (904 aa) |
| | Ankrd11 | Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 11; Chromatin regulator which modulates histone acetylation and gene expression in neural precursor cells. May recruit histone deacetylases (HDACs) to the p160 coactivators/nuclear receptor complex to inhibit ligand-dependent transactivation (By similarity). Has a role in proliferation and development of cortical neural precursors. May also regulate bone homeostasis. (2643 aa) |
| | Zfp827 | Zinc finger protein 827; May be involved in transcriptional regulation. (1078 aa) |
| | Cib3 | Calcium and integrin-binding family member 3. (160 aa) |
| | Mapt | Microtubule-associated protein. (430 aa) |
| | Gdf2 | Growth/differentiation factor 2; Potent circulating inhibitor of angiogenesis (By similarity). Signals through the type I activin receptor ACVRL1 but not other Alks. Signaling through SMAD1 in endothelial cells requires TGF-beta coreceptor endoglin/ENG. (428 aa) |
| | Cdk5rap3 | CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 3; Probable tumor suppressor initially identified as a CDK5R1 interactor controlling cell proliferation. Negatively regulates NF- kappa-B-mediated gene transcription through the control of RELA phosphorylation. Also regulates mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint and mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint. Through its interaction with CDKN2A/ARF and MDM2 may induce MDM2-dependent p53/TP53 ubiquitination, stabilization and activation in the nucleus, thereby promoting G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell proliferation. May play a role in the unfol [...] (503 aa) |
| | Polr1b | DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA2; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest core component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol I is composed of mobile elements and RPA2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and probably a clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft (By similarity). (1135 aa) |
| | Dll4 | Delta-like protein 4; Involved in the Notch signaling pathway as Notch ligand. Activates NOTCH1 and NOTCH4. Involved in angiogenesis; negatively regulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration and angiogenic sprouting (By similarity). Essential for retinal progenitor proliferation. Required for suppressing rod fates in late retinal progenitors as well as for proper generation of other retinal cell types. During spinal cord neurogenesis, inhibits V2a interneuron fate (By similarity). (686 aa) |
| | Hdac1 | Histone deacetylase 1; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Deacetylates SP proteins, SP1 and SP3, and regulates their function. Component of the BRG1-RB1-HDAC1 complex, which negatively regulates the CREST-mediated transcription in resting neurons. Upon calcium st [...] (482 aa) |
| | Mpdz | Multiple PDZ domain protein; Interacts with HTR2C and provokes its clustering at the cell surface. Member of the NMDAR signaling complex that may play a role in control of AMPAR potentiation and synaptic plasticity in excitatory synapses (By similarity). (2055 aa) |
| | Slc44a1 | Choline transporter-like protein 1; Choline transporter. May be involved in membrane synthesis and myelin production; Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family. (653 aa) |
| | Nrarp | Notch-regulated ankyrin repeat-containing protein; Downstream effector of Notch signaling. Involved in the regulation of liver cancer cells self-renewal (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of canonical Wnt signaling by stabilizing LEF1 (By similarity). Involved in angiogenesis acting downstream of Notch at branch points to regulate vascular density. Proposed to integrate endothelial Notch and Wnt signaling to control stalk cell proliferation and to stablilize new endothelial connections during angiogenesis. During somitogenesis involved in maintenance of proper somite segmentat [...] (114 aa) |
| | Dot1l | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-79 specific. (1540 aa) |
| | Col18a1 | Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain; Probably plays a major role in determining the retinal structure as well as in the closure of the neural tube. Endostatin: Potently inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. May inhibit angiogenesis by binding to the heparan sulfate proteoglycans involved in growth factor signaling. Inhibits VEGFA isoform VEGF165-induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Seems to inhibit VEGFA-mediated signaling by blocking the interaction of VEGFA to its receptor KDR/VEGFR2. Modulates endothelial cell migration in an integrin-dependent manner [...] (1527 aa) |
| | Nmnat1 | Nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the formation of NAD(+) from nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and ATP. Can also use the deamidated form; nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN) as substrate with the same efficiency (By similarity). Can use triazofurin monophosphate (TrMP) as substrate (By similarity). Also catalyzes the reverse reaction, i.e. the pyrophosphorolytic cleavage of NAD(+) (By similarity). For the pyrophosphorolytic activity, prefers NAD(+) and NaAD as substrates and degrades NADH, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NHD) [...] (285 aa) |
| | Cant1 | Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1; Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > IDP >> UTP > CDP = GTP = ITP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis; Belongs to the apyrase family. (440 aa) |
| | 5330417C22Rik | UPF0577 protein KIAA1324; May protect cells from cell death by inducing cytosolic vacuolization and upregulating the autophagy pathway. (1013 aa) |
| | Atxn7l3 | Ataxin-7-like protein 3; Component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA, a multiprotein complex that activates transcription by remodeling chromatin and mediating histone acetylation and deubiquitination. Within the SAGA complex, participates in a subcomplex that specifically deubiquitinates both histones H2A and H2B. The SAGA complex is recruited to specific gene promoters by activators such as MYC, where it is required for transcription. Required for nuclear receptor-mediated transactivation. Within the complex, it is required to recruit USP22 and EN [...] (354 aa) |
| | Hipk4 | Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 4; Protein kinase that phosphorylates murine TP53 at Ser-9, and thus induces TP53 repression of BIRC5 promoter. May act as a corepressor of transcription factors (Potential). (616 aa) |
| | Trp53 | Cellular tumor antigen p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its intera [...] (390 aa) |
| | Arhgef15 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 15; Specific GEF for RhoA activation. Does not activate RAC1 or CDC42. Regulates vascular smooth muscle contractility. Negatively regulates excitatory synapse development by suppressing the synapse- promoting activity of EPHB2. (849 aa) |
| | Rasa1 | RAS p21 protein activator 1. (1038 aa) |
| | Cep250 | Centrosome-associated protein CEP250; May be involved in ciliogenesis. Probably plays an important role in centrosome cohesion during interphase. (2435 aa) |
| | Myo10 | Unconventional myosin-X; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. MYO10 binds to actin filaments and actin bundles and functions as plus end-directed motor. The tail domain binds to membranous compartments containing phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate or integrins, and mediates cargo transport along actin filaments (By similarity). Regulates cell shape, cell spreading and cell adhesion. Stimulates the formation and elongation of filopodia. May play a role in neurite outgrowth and axon guidance. In hippo [...] (2062 aa) |
| | Cfh | Complement factor H; Glycoprotein that plays an essential role in maintaining a well-balanced immune response by modulating complement activation. Acts as a soluble inhibitor of complement, where its binding to self markers such as glycan structures prevents complement activation and amplification on cell surfaces. Accelerates the decay of the complement alternative pathway (AP) C3 convertase C3bBb, thus preventing local formation of more C3b, the central player of the complement amplification loop. As a cofactor of the serine protease factor I, CFH also regulates proteolytic degradati [...] (1252 aa) |
| | Rnf10 | RING finger protein 10; Transcriptional factor involved in the regulation of MAG (Myelin-associated glycoprotein) expression and myelin formation in Schwann cells; Belongs to the RNF10 family. (805 aa) |
| | Cd163 | Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130; Involved in clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. May play a role in the uptake and recycling of iron, via endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin and subsequent breakdown of heme. Binds hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes in a calcium-dependent and pH- dependent manner. Induces a cascade of intracellular signals that involves tyrosine kinase-dependent calcium mobilization, inositol triphosphate production and secretion [...] (1159 aa) |
| | Bcl2 | Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release. (236 aa) |
| | Kdr | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2; Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFC and VEGFD. Plays an essential role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular development, vascular permeability, and embryonic hematopoiesis. Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Isoforms lacking a transmembrane domain, such as isoform 2, may function as decoy receptors for VEGFA, VEGFC and/or VEGFD. Isoform 2 plays an important role as a negative regulator of VE [...] (1345 aa) |
| | Tsc1 | Hamartin; In complex with TSC2, inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling (By similarity). Implicated as a tumor suppressor. Involved in microtubule-mediated protein transport, but this seems to be due to unregulated mTOR signaling. Acts as a co-chaperone for HSP90AA1 facilitating HSP90AA1 chaperoning of protein clients such as kinases, TSC2 and glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1. Increases ATP binding to HSP90AA1 and inhibits HSP90AA1 ATPase activity. Competes with the activating co-chaperone AH [...] (1161 aa) |
| | Peak1 | Inactive tyrosine-protein kinase PEAK1; Probable catalytically inactive kinase. Scaffolding protein that regulates the cytoskeleton to control cell spreading and migration by modulating focal adhesion dynamics. Acts as a scaffold for mediating EGFR signaling. (1735 aa) |
| | Pomgnt1 | Protein O-linked-mannose beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1; Participates in O-mannosyl glycosylation by catalyzing the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to O-linked mannose on glycoproteins. Catalyzes the synthesis of the GlcNAc(beta1-2)Man(alpha1-)O-Ser/Thr moiety on alpha-dystroglycan and other O-mannosylated proteins, providing the necessary basis for the addition of further carbohydrate moieties. Is specific for alpha linked terminal mannose. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 13 family. (660 aa) |
| | Aldh1l1 | Cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the GART family. (902 aa) |
| | Vegfa | Vascular endothelial growth factor A; Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. May play a role in increasing vascular permeability during lactation, when increased transport of molecules from the blood is required for efficient milk protein synthesis (By similarity). Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor [...] (392 aa) |
| | Slc4a3 | Anion exchange protein 3; Plasma membrane anion exchange protein; Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family. (1227 aa) |
| | Ppargc1a | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Induces the expression of PERM1 in [...] (797 aa) |
| | St18 | Suppression of tumorigenicity 18 protein; Repressor that binds to DNA sequences containing a bipartite element consisting of a direct repeat of the sequence 5'-AAAGTTT-3' separated by 2-9 nucleotides. Represses basal transcription activity from target promoters (By similarity); Belongs to the MYT1 family. (1045 aa) |
| | Ehmt1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT1; Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltransferase activity is not required for DNA methylation, suggesting that these 2 activities function independently. Probably targeted to histone H3 by different DNA-binding [...] (1296 aa) |
| | Agbl1 | Cytosolic carboxypeptidase 4; Metallocarboxypeptidase that mediates deglutamylation of target proteins. Catalyzes the deglutamylation of polyglutamate side chains generated by post-translational polyglutamylation in proteins such as tubulins. Also removes gene-encoded polyglutamates from the carboxy-terminus of target proteins such as MYLK. Acts as a long-chain deglutamylase and specifically shortens long polyglutamate chains, while it is not able to remove the branching point glutamate, a process catalyzed by AGBL5/CCP5. (1122 aa) |
| | Nos1 | Nitric oxide synthase, brain; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays many properties of a neurotransmitter. Probably has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such SRR. Isoform NNOS Mu may be an effector enzyme for the dystrophin complex. (1429 aa) |
| | Optc | Opticin; Inhibits angiogenesis in the vitreous humor of the eye, and therefore represses neovascularization. Binds collagen fibrils (By similarity). May be involved in collagen fiber organization via regulation of other members of the small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan superfamily. (381 aa) |
| | Spryd3 | SPRY domain-containing 3. (442 aa) |
| | Cd46 | Membrane cofactor protein; May be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. (365 aa) |
| | Aoc1 | Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]; Catalyzes the degradation of compounds such as putrescine, histamine, spermine, and spermidine, substances involved in allergic and immune responses, cell proliferation, tissue differentiation, tumor formation, and possibly apoptosis. (756 aa) |
| | Nos1ap | Carboxyl-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein; Adapter protein involved in neuronal nitric-oxide (NO) synthesis regulation via its association with nNOS/NOS1. The complex formed with NOS1 and synapsins is necessary for specific NO and synapsin functions at a presynaptic level. Mediates an indirect interaction between NOS1 and RASD1 leading to enhance the ability of NOS1 to activate RASD1. Competes with DLG4 for interaction with NOS1, possibly affecting NOS1 activity by regulating the interaction between NOS1 and DLG4 (By similarity). (503 aa) |
| | Pdcd10 | Programmed cell death protein 10; Promotes cell proliferation. Modulates apoptotic pathways. Increases mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and STK26 activity. Important for cell migration, and for normal structure and assembly of the Golgi complex (By similarity). Important for KDR/VEGFR2 signaling. Increases the stability of KDR/VEGFR2 and prevents its breakdown. Required for normal cardiovascular development. Required for normal angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis during embryonic development (By similarity); Belongs to the PDCD10 family. (212 aa) |
| | Uroc1 | Urocanate hydratase. (710 aa) |
| | Vldlr | Very low-density lipoprotein receptor; Binds VLDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. Binding to Reelin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Dab1 and modulation of Tau phosphorylation. (873 aa) |
| | Tonsl | Tonsoku-like protein; Component of the MMS22L-TONSL complex, a complex that stimulates the recombination-dependent repair of stalled or collapsed replication forks. The MMS22L-TONSL complex is required to maintain genome integrity during DNA replication by promoting homologous recombination-mediated repair of replication fork-associated double- strand breaks. It may act by mediating the assembly of RAD51 filaments on ssDNA. Within the complex, may act as a scaffold (By similarity). Belongs to the Tonsoku family. (1363 aa) |
| | Stra6 | Receptor for retinol uptake STRA6; Functions as retinol transporter. Accepts all-trans retinol from the extracellular retinol-binding protein RBP4, facilitates retinol transport across the cell membrane, and then transfers retinol to the cytoplasmic retinol- binding protein RBP1. Retinol uptake is enhanced by LRAT, an enzyme that converts retinol to all-trans retinyl esters, the storage forms of vitamin A (By similarity). Contributes to the activation of a signaling cascade that depends on retinol transport and LRAT-dependent generation of retinol metabolites that then trigger activati [...] (670 aa) |
| | Gm17359 | Predicted gene, 17359. (189 aa) |
| | Vsx2 | Visual system homeobox 2; Acts as a transcriptional regulator through binding to DNA at the consensus sequence 5'-[TC]TAATT[AG][AG]-3' upstream of gene promoters. Plays a significant role in the specification and morphogenesis of the sensory retina. Mediates differentiation of V2a interneurons by repression of motor neuron gene transcription, via competitively binding to response elements that are activated by the ISL1-LHX3 complex, such as VSX1. Acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of NXNL1; regulation is significantly increased in synergy with VSX1. Acts as a negative transcr [...] (380 aa) |
| | Ccr2 | C-C chemokine receptor type 2; Key functional receptor for CCL2 but can also bind CCL7 and CCL12 chemokines. Its binding with CCL2 on monocytes and macrophages mediates chemotaxis and migration induction through the activation of the PI3K cascade, the small G protein Rac and lamellipodium protrusion (By similarity). Also acts as a receptor for the beta-defensin DEFB106A/DEFB106B (By similarity). Regulates the expression of T-cell inflammatory cytokines and T-cell differentiation, promoting the differentiation of T-cells into T-helper 17 cells (Th17) during inflammation. Facilitates the [...] (373 aa) |
| | Cd59a | CD59A glycoprotein; Potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC) action. Acts by binding to the C8 and/or C9 complements of the assembling MAC, thereby preventing incorporation of the multiple copies of C9 required for complete formation of the osmolytic pore (By similarity). (123 aa) |
| | Cd36 | Platelet glycoprotein 4; Multifunctional glycoprotein that acts as receptor for a broad range of ligands. Ligands can be of proteinaceous nature like thrombospondin, fibronectin, collagen or amyloid-beta as well as of lipidic nature such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), anionic phospholipids, long-chain fatty acids and bacterial diacylated lipopeptides. They are generally multivalent and can therefore engage multiple receptors simultaneously, the resulting formation of CD36 clusters initiates signal transduction and internalization of receptor-ligand complexes. The dependen [...] (472 aa) |
| | Crx | Cone-rod homeobox protein; Transcription factor that binds and transactivates the sequence 5'-TAATC[CA]-3' which is found upstream of several photoreceptor-specific genes, including the opsin genes. Acts synergistically with other transcription factors, such as NRL, RORB and RAX, to regulate photoreceptor cell-specific gene transcription. Essential for the maintenance of mammalian photoreceptors. (323 aa) |
| | Pax2 | Paired box protein Pax-2; Transcription factor that may have a role in kidney cell differentiation. (394 aa) |
| | Stx5a | Syntaxin-5; Mediates endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport. Together with p115/USO1 and GM130/GOLGA2, involved in vesicle tethering and fusion at the cis-Golgi membrane to maintain the stacked and inter- connected structure of the Golgi apparatus. (355 aa) |
| | Large2 | LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 2; Bifunctional glycosyltransferase with both xylosyltransferase and beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase activities involved in the biosynthesis of the phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide (N- acetylgalactosamine-beta-3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-4-(phosphate- 6-)mannose), a carbohydrate structure present in alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1). Phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharid is required for binding laminin G-like domain-containing extracellular proteins with high affinity. Elongates the glucuronyl-beta-1,4-xylose-beta disaccharide primer structure by [...] (691 aa) |
| | Tmem151b | Transmembrane protein 151B. (561 aa) |
| | Fat1 | FAT atypical cadherin 1. (4590 aa) |
| | Shisal1 | Protein shisa-like-1. (219 aa) |
| | Ankle2 | Ankyrin repeat and LEM domain-containing protein 2; Involved in mitotic nuclear envelope reassembly by promoting dephosphorylation of BAF/BANF1 during mitotic exit. Coordinates the control of BAF/BANF1 dephosphorylation by inhibiting VRK1 kinase and promoting dephosphorylation of BAF/BANF1 by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby facilitating nuclear envelope assembly. It is unclear whether it acts as a real PP2A regulatory subunit or whether it is involved in recruitment of the PP2A complex (By similarity). Belongs to the ANKLE2 family. (964 aa) |
| | Adam9 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9; Cleaves and releases a number of molecules with important roles in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis, such as TEK, KDR, EPHB4, CD40, VCAM1 and CDH5. May mediate cell-cell, cell-matrix interactions and regulate the motility of cells via interactions with integrins. (863 aa) |
| | Arhgap33 | Rho GTPase-activating protein 33; May be involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking (By similarity). Could play an important role in the regulation of glucose transport by insulin. May act as a downstream effector of RHOQ/TC10 in the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose transport; Belongs to the PX domain-containing GAP family. (1305 aa) |
| | Ins2 | Insulin-2 A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (110 aa) |
| | Large1 | LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 1; Bifunctional glycosyltransferase with both xylosyltransferase and beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase activities involved in the biosynthesis of the phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide (N- acetylgalactosamine-beta-3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-4-(phosphate- 6-)mannose), a carbohydrate structure present in alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1). Phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharid is required for binding laminin G-like domain-containing extracellular proteins with high affinity and plays a key role in skeletal muscle function and regeneration. LARGE elongat [...] (756 aa) |
| | Dnmbp | Dynamin-binding protein; Plays a critical role as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for CDC42 in several intracellular processes associated with the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Regulates the structure of apical junctions in epithelial cells (By similarity). Participates in the normal lumenogenesis of epithelial cell cysts by regulating spindle orientation (By similarity). Plays a role in ciliogenesis (By similarity). May play a role in membrane trafficking between the cell surface and the Golgi. (1580 aa) |
| | Cx3cr1 | CX3C chemokine receptor 1; Receptor for the CX3C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1); binds to CX3CL1 and mediates both its adhesive and migratory functions. (354 aa) |
| | Il18 | Interleukin-18; A proinflammatory cytokine primarily involved in polarized T- helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses. Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T- helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Belongs to the IL-1 family. (192 aa) |
| | Ppfia2 | Liprin-alpha-2; Alters PTPRF cellular localization and induces PTPRF clustering. May regulate the disassembly of focal adhesions. May localize receptor-like tyrosine phosphatases type 2A at specific sites on the plasma membrane, possibly regulating their interaction with the extracellular environment and their association with substrates. In neuronal cells, is a scaffolding protein in the dendritic spines which acts as immobile postsynaptic post able to recruit KIF1A-driven dense core vesicles to dendritic spines; Belongs to the liprin family. Liprin-alpha subfamily. (1257 aa) |
| | Apcdd1 | Protein APCDD1; Negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Inhibits Wnt signaling in a cell-autonomous manner and functions upstream of beta- catenin. May act via its interaction with Wnt and LRP proteins (By similarity); Belongs to the APCDD1 family. (514 aa) |
| | Cbs | Cystathionine beta-synthase; Hydro-lyase catalyzing the first step of the transsulfuration pathway, where the hydroxyl group of L-serine is displaced by L- homocysteine in a beta-replacement reaction to form L-cystathionine, the precursor of L-cysteine. This catabolic route allows the elimination of L-methionine and the toxic metabolite L-homocysteine (By similarity). Also involved in the production of hydrogen sulfide, a gasotransmitter with signaling and cytoprotective effects on neurons (By similarity). (561 aa) |
| | Egfl7 | Epidermal growth factor-like protein 7; Regulates vascular tubulogenesis in vivo. Inhibits platelet- derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced smooth muscle cell migration and promotes endothelial cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. (278 aa) |
