STRINGSTRING
Nlgn3 Nlgn3 Syp Syp Stx3 Stx3 Dnajc5 Dnajc5 Otof Otof Calml3 Calml3 BC048507 BC048507 Rph3a Rph3a Syn1 Syn1 Erc2 Erc2 Stxbp1 Stxbp1 Nefh Nefh Rims1 Rims1 Pbp2 Pbp2 Atp2b2 Atp2b2 Cltc Cltc Syt1 Syt1 Rab3b Rab3b Unc13b Unc13b Unc119 Unc119 Nlgn2 Nlgn2 Snph Snph Snca Snca Thy1 Thy1 Synj2 Synj2 Snap23 Snap23 Kif3a Kif3a Prpf39 Prpf39 Synj1 Synj1 Rab3d Rab3d Dnah8 Dnah8 Syt7 Syt7 Stx7 Stx7 Ckm Ckm Nlgn1 Nlgn1 Pxdn Pxdn Calm5 Calm5 Hspa1b Hspa1b Ncam1 Ncam1 Ctbp2 Ctbp2 Ckmt1 Ckmt1 Ckb Ckb Calb2 Calb2 Slc1a3 Slc1a3 Ctnnb1 Ctnnb1 Kcnq1 Kcnq1 Gdi1 Gdi1 Calm3 Calm3 Slc17a8 Slc17a8 Vamp2 Vamp2 Stx8 Stx8 Ckmt2 Ckmt2 Scamp1 Scamp1 Vdac2 Vdac2 Nefm Nefm Nefl Nefl Vapa Vapa Cdh2 Cdh2 Cabp4 Cabp4 Chm Chm Stx6 Stx6 Anxa5 Anxa5 Vcp Vcp Unc13a Unc13a Stx12 Stx12 Vamp3 Vamp3 Alb Alb Sec13 Sec13 Vamp1 Vamp1 Copb1 Copb1 Stx4a Stx4a Atp4b Atp4b Calml4 Calml4 Bsn Bsn Sv2a Sv2a Rabif Rabif Cplx1 Cplx1 Ina Ina Calm4 Calm4 Rab3gap1 Rab3gap1 Gdf5 Gdf5 Pebp1 Pebp1 Nipsnap1 Nipsnap1 Vamp7 Vamp7 Gpr50 Gpr50 Gfap Gfap Synpr Synpr
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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gene neighborhood
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Nlgn3Neuroligin-3; Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, and probably mediates its effects by recruiting and clustering other synaptic proteins. May promote the initial formation of synapses, but is not essential for this. May also play a role in glia-glia or glia-neuron interactions in the developing peripheral nervous system. Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family. (825 aa)
SypSynaptophysin; Possibly involved in structural functions as organizing other membrane components or in targeting the vesicles to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity; Belongs to the synaptophysin/synaptobrevin family. (314 aa)
Stx3Syntaxin-3; Potentially involved in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (289 aa)
Dnajc5DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 5; Acts as a co-chaperone for the SNARE protein SNAP-25. Involved in the calcium-mediated control of a late stage of exocytosis. Acts as a general chaperone in regulated exocytosis (By similarity). May have an important role in presynaptic function (By similarity). May be involved in calcium- dependent neurotransmitter release at nerve endings (By similarity). (198 aa)
OtofOtoferlin; Key calcium ion sensor involved in the Ca(2+)-triggered synaptic vesicle-plasma membrane fusion and in the control of neurotransmitter release at these output synapses. Interacts in a calcium-dependent manner to the presynaptic SNARE proteins at ribbon synapses of cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) to trigger exocytosis of neurotransmitter. Also essential to synaptic exocytosis in immature outer hair cells (OHCs). May also play a role within the recycling of endosomes. (1997 aa)
Calml3Calmodulin-like protein 3; May function as a specific light chain of unconventional myosin-10 (MYO10), also enhances MYO10 translation, possibly by acting as a chaperone for the emerging MYO10 heavy chain protein. May compete with calmodulin by binding, with different affinities, to cellular substrates (By similarity). (149 aa)
BC048507Dynein light chain. (89 aa)
Rph3aRabphilin-3A; Plays an essential role in docking and fusion steps of regulated exocytosis (By similarity). At the presynaptic level, RPH3A is recruited by RAB3A to the synaptic vesicle membrane in a GTP- dependent manner where it modulates synaptic vesicle trafficking and calcium-triggered neurotransmitter release (By similarity). In the post-synaptic compartment, forms a ternary complex with GRIN2A and DLG4 and regulates NMDA receptor stability. Plays also a role in the exocytosis of arginine vasopressin hormone (By similarity). (681 aa)
Syn1Synapsin-1; Neuronal phosphoprotein that coats synaptic vesicles, binds to the cytoskeleton, and is believed to function in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. Regulation of neurotransmitter release. The complex formed with NOS1 and CAPON proteins is necessary for specific nitric-oxide functions at a presynaptic level. (706 aa)
Erc2ERC protein 2; Thought to be involved in the organization of the cytomatrix at the nerve terminals active zone (CAZ) which regulates neurotransmitter release. Seems to act together with BSN. May recruit liprin-alpha proteins to the CAZ. (1002 aa)
Stxbp1Syntaxin-binding protein 1; Participates in the regulation of synaptic vesicle docking and fusion through interaction with GTP-binding proteins (By similarity). Essential for neurotransmission and binds syntaxin, a component of the synaptic vesicle fusion machinery probably in a 1:1 ratio. Can interact with syntaxins 1, 2, and 3 but not syntaxin 4. May play a role in determining the specificity of intracellular fusion reactions (By similarity); Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family. (603 aa)
NefhNeurofilament heavy polypeptide; Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: L, M, and H which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. NF-H has an important function in mature axons that is not subserved by the two smaller NF proteins. (1090 aa)
Rims1Regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1; Rab effector involved in exocytosis. May act as scaffold protein that regulates neurotransmitter release at the active zone. Essential for maintaining normal probability of neurotransmitter release and for regulating release during short-term synaptic plasticity. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity). (1424 aa)
Pbp2Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 2; May bind to phospholipids. May act as serine protease inhibitor (By similarity). (187 aa)
Atp2b2Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell. Plays a role in maintaining balance and hearing; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIB subfamily. (1243 aa)
CltcClathrin heavy chain 1; Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles. Two different adapter protein complexes link the clathrin lattice either to the plasma membrane or to the trans- Golgi network. Acts as component of the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex proposed to contribute to stabilization of kinetochore fibers of the mitotic spindle by acting as inter-microtubule bridge. The TACC3/ch- TOG/clathrin complex is required for the maintenance of kinetochore fiber tension. Plays a role in early autophagosome formation. (1675 aa)
Syt1Synaptotagmin-1; Calcium sensor that participates in triggering neurotransmitter release at the synapse. May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse. It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone. A Ca(2+)- dependent interaction between synaptotagmin and putative receptors for activated protein kinase C has also been reported. It can bind to at least three additional proteins in a Ca(2+)-independent manner; these are neur [...] (421 aa)
Rab3bRas-related protein Rab-3B; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity). (219 aa)
Unc13bProtein unc-13 homolog B; Plays a role in vesicle maturation during exocytosis as a target of the diacylglycerol second messenger pathway. Is involved in neurotransmitter release by acting in synaptic vesicle priming prior to vesicle fusion and participates in the activity-depending refilling of readily releasable vesicle pool (RRP) (By similarity). Essential for synaptic vesicle maturation in a subset of excitatory/glutamatergic but not inhibitory/GABA-mediated synapses. In collaboration with UNC13A, facilitates neuronal dense core vesicles fusion as well as controls the location and [...] (1602 aa)
Unc119Protein unc-119 homolog A; Involved in synaptic functions in photoreceptor cells, the signal transduction in immune cells as a Src family kinase activator, endosome recycling, the uptake of bacteria and endocytosis, protein trafficking in sensory neurons and as lipid-binding chaperone with specificity for a diverse subset of myristoylated proteins. Specifically binds the myristoyl moiety of a subset of N-terminally myristoylated proteins and is required for their localization. Binds myristoylated GNAT1 and is required for G-protein localization and trafficking in sensory neurons. Proba [...] (262 aa)
Nlgn2Neuroligin-2; Transmembrane scaffolding protein involved in cell-cell interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Mediates cell-cell interactions both in neurons and in other types of cells, such as Langerhans beta cells. Mediates cell-cell interactions between Langerhans beta cells and modulates insulin secretion (By similarity). Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, especially via gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA(A) receptors). Functions by recruiting and clustering synaptic proteins. Promotes clustering of postsynaptic GABRG2 a [...] (836 aa)
SnphSyntaphilin; Inhibits SNARE complex formation by absorbing free syntaxin- 1. (528 aa)
SncaAlpha-synuclein; Neuronal protein that plays several roles in synaptic activity such as regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking and subsequent neurotransmitter release. Participates as a monomer in synaptic vesicle exocytosis by enhancing vesicle priming, fusion and dilation of exocytotic fusion pores. Mechanistically, acts by increasing local Ca(2+) release from microdomains which is essential for the enhancement of ATP-induced exocytosis. Acts also as a molecular chaperone in its multimeric membrane-bound state, assisting in the folding of synaptic fusion components called SNAREs [...] (140 aa)
Thy1Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein; May play a role in cell-cell or cell-ligand interactions during synaptogenesis and other events in the brain. (162 aa)
Synj2Synaptojanin-2; Inositol 5-phosphatase which may be involved in distinct membrane trafficking and signal transduction pathways. May mediate the inhibitory effect of Rac1 on endocytosis (By similarity). (1479 aa)
Snap23Synaptosomal-associated protein 23; Essential component of the high affinity receptor for the general membrane fusion machinery and an important regulator of transport vesicle docking and fusion. (221 aa)
Kif3aKinesin-like protein KIF3A; Microtubule-based anterograde translocator for membranous organelles. Plus end-directed microtubule sliding activity in vitro. Plays a role in primary cilia formation. Plays a role in centriole cohesion and subdistal appendage organization and function. Regulates the formation of the subdistal appendage via recruitment of DCTN1 to the centriole. Also required for ciliary basal feet formation and microtubule anchoring to mother centriole. (701 aa)
Prpf39Pre-mRNA-processing factor 39; Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. (665 aa)
Synj1Synaptojanin-1; Phosphatase that acts on various phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)- bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (By similarity). Has a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (By similarity). Hydrolyzes PIP2 bound to actin regulatory proteins resulting in the rearrangement of actin filaments downstream of tyrosine kinase and ASH/GRB2 (By similarity). Belongs to the synaptojanin family. (1607 aa)
Rab3dRas-related protein Rab-3D; Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity). May be involved in the insulin-induced exocytosis of glut4-containing vesicles in adipocytes. (219 aa)
Dnah8Dynein heavy chain 8, axonemal; Force generating protein of respiratory cilia. Produces force towards the minus ends of microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Involved in sperm motility; implicated in sperm flagellar assembly. (4731 aa)
Syt7Synaptotagmin-7. (567 aa)
Stx7Syntaxin-7; May be involved in protein trafficking from the plasma membrane to the early endosome (EE) as well as in homotypic fusion of endocytic organelles. Mediates the endocytic trafficking from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes (By similarity). (261 aa)
CkmCreatine kinase M-type; Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa; Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family. (381 aa)
Nlgn1Neuroligin-1; Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, and probably mediates its effects by recruiting and clustering other synaptic proteins. May promote the initial formation of synapses, but is not essential for this. In vitro, triggers the de novo formation of presynaptic structures. May be involved in specification of excitatory synapses. Required to maintain wakefulness quality and normal synchrony of cerebral cortex activity during wakefulness and [...] (843 aa)
PxdnPeroxidasin homolog; Displays low peroxidase activity and is likely to participate in H(2)O(2) metabolism and peroxidative reactions in the cardiovascular system (By similarity). Plays a role in extracellular matrix formation. (1475 aa)
Calm5Skin calmodulin-related protein 2. (140 aa)
Hspa1bHeat shock 70 kDa protein 1B; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and AD [...] (642 aa)
Ncam1Neural cell adhesion molecule 1; This protein is a cell adhesion molecule involved in neuron- neuron adhesion, neurite fasciculation, outgrowth of neurites, etc. (849 aa)
Ctbp2C-terminal-binding protein 2; Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators. Isoform 2 probably acts as a scaffold for specialized synapses (By similarity). Functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT) differentiation. Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. (988 aa)
Ckmt1Creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial; Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa; Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family. (418 aa)
CkbCreatine kinase B-type; Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa; Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family. (381 aa)
Calb2Calretinin; Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein which is abundant in auditory neurons. (271 aa)
Slc1a3Excitatory amino acid transporter 1; Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate. Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion (By similarity). Plays a redundant role in the rapid removal of released glutamate from the synaptic cleft, which is essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate. (543 aa)
Ctnnb1Catenin beta-1; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an [...] (781 aa)
Kcnq1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1; Potassium channel that plays an important role in a number of tissues, including heart, inner ear, stomach and colon (By similarity). Associates with KCNE beta subunits that modulates current kinetics (By similarity). Induces a voltage-dependent by rapidly activating and slowly deactivating potassium-selective outward current (By similarity). Promotes also a delayed voltage activated potassium current showing outward rectification characteristic (By similarity). During beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation participates in cardiac r [...] (668 aa)
Gdi1Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of most Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. Promotes the dissociation of GDP-bound Rab proteins from the membrane and inhibits their activation. Promotes the dissociation of RAB1A, RAB3A, RAB5A and RAB10 from membranes. (447 aa)
Calm3Calmodulin-1; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium- dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium- activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2. (149 aa)
Slc17a8Vesicular glutamate transporter 3; Mediates the uptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells. May also mediate the transport of inorganic phosphate. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. VGLUT subfamily. (601 aa)
Vamp2Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane. Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 (By similarity); Belongs to the synaptobrevin family. (116 aa)
Stx8Syntaxin-8; Vesicle trafficking protein that functions in the early secretory pathway, possibly by mediating retrograde transport from cis- Golgi membranes to the ER; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (236 aa)
Ckmt2Creatine kinase S-type, mitochondrial; Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa (By similarity). (419 aa)
Scamp1Secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 1; Functions in post-Golgi recycling pathways. Acts as a recycling carrier to the cell surface (By similarity). (338 aa)
Vdac2Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules. The channel adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective (By similarity). (295 aa)
NefmNeurofilament medium polypeptide; Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: L, M, and H which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. (848 aa)
NeflNeurofilament light polypeptide; Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: L, M, and H which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. (543 aa)
VapaVesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A; Binds to OSBPL3, which mediates recruitment of VAPA to plasma membrane sites. The ORP3-VAPA complex stimulates RRAS signaling which in turn attenuates integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) activation at the cell surface. With OSBPL3, may regulate ER morphology. May play a role in vesicle trafficking; Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family. (249 aa)
Cdh2Cadherin-2; Calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein; preferentially mediates homotypic cell-cell adhesion by dimerization with a CDH2 chain from another cell. Cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. Acts as a regulator of neural stem cells quiescence by mediating anchorage of neural stem cells to ependymocytes in the adult subependymal zone: upon cleavage by MMP24, CDH2-mediated anchorage is affected, leading to modulate neural stem cell quiescence. CDH2 may be involved in neuronal recognition mechanism. In hippocampal neurons, may regulate dendritic s [...] (906 aa)
Cabp4Calcium-binding protein 4; Involved in normal synaptic function through regulation of Ca(2+) influx and neurotransmitter release in photoreceptor synaptic terminals and in auditory transmission. Modulator of CACNA1D and CACNA1F, suppressing the calcium-dependent inactivation and shifting the activation range to more hyperpolarized voltages. (271 aa)
ChmRab proteins geranylgeranyltransferase component A 1; Substrate-binding subunit of the Rab geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTase) complex. Binds unprenylated Rab proteins and presents the substrate peptide to the catalytic component B composed of RABGGTA and RABGGTB, and remains bound to it after the geranylgeranyl transfer reaction. The component A is thought to be regenerated by transferring its prenylated Rab back to the donor membrane. Besides, a pre-formed complex consisting of CHM and the Rab GGTase dimer (RGGT or component B) can bind to and prenylate Rab proteins; this alternative [...] (662 aa)
Stx6Syntaxin-6; Involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (255 aa)
Anxa5Annexin A5; This protein is an anticoagulant protein that acts as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade; Belongs to the annexin family. (319 aa)
VcpTransitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase; Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is neces [...] (806 aa)
Unc13aProtein unc-13 homolog A; Plays a role in vesicle maturation during exocytosis as a target of the diacylglycerol second messenger pathway. Involved in neurotransmitter release by acting in synaptic vesicle priming prior to vesicle fusion and participates in the activity-dependent refilling of readily releasable vesicle pool (RRP). Essential for synaptic vesicle maturation in most excitatory/glutamatergic but not inhibitory/GABA- mediated synapses. Facilitates neuronal dense core vesicles fusion as well as controls the location and efficiency of their synaptic release. Also involved in [...] (1712 aa)
Stx12Syntaxin-12; SNARE that acts to regulate protein transport between late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. The SNARE complex containing STX6, STX12, VAMP4 and VTI1A mediates vesicle fusion (in vitro) (By similarity). Through complex formation with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1 controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting (By similarity). (274 aa)
Vamp3Vesicle-associated membrane protein 3; SNARE involved in vesicular transport from the late endosomes to the trans-Golgi network; Belongs to the synaptobrevin family. (103 aa)
AlbSerum albumin; Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc (By similarity). Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (B [...] (608 aa)
Sec13Protein SEC13 homolog; Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and the COPII coat. At the endoplasmic reticulum, SEC13 is involved in the biogenesis of COPII-coated vesicles (By similarity). Required for the exit of adipsin (CFD/ADN), an adipocyte-secreted protein from the endoplasmic reticulum ; Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family. (322 aa)
Vamp1Vesicle-associated membrane protein 1; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane; Belongs to the synaptobrevin family. (118 aa)
Copb1Coatomer subunit beta; The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin- coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also infl [...] (953 aa)
Stx4aSyntaxin-4; Plasma membrane t-SNARE that mediates docking of transport vesicles. Necessary for the translocation of SLC2A4 from intracellular vesicles to the plasma membrane. Together with STXB3 and VAMP2, may also play a role in docking/fusion of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles with the cell surface in adipocytes and in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (298 aa)
Atp4bPotassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta; Required for stabilization and maturation of the catalytic proton pump alpha subunit and may also involved in cell adhesion and establishing epithelial cell polarity; Belongs to the X(+)/potassium ATPases subunit beta family. (294 aa)
Calml4Calmodulin-like protein 4. (153 aa)
BsnProtein bassoon; Scaffold protein of the presynaptic cytomatrix at the active zone (CAZ) which is the place in the synapse where neurotransmitter is released. After synthesis, participates in the formation of Golgi-derived membranous organelles termed Piccolo-Bassoon transport vesicles (PTVs) that are transported along axons to sites of nascent synaptic contacts (By similarity). At the presynaptic active zone, regulates the spatial organization of synaptic vesicle cluster, the protein complexes that execute membrane fusion and compensatory endocytosis (By similarity). Functions also in [...] (3942 aa)
Sv2aSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A; Plays a role in the control of regulated secretion in neural and endocrine cells, enhancing selectively low-frequency neurotransmission. Positively regulates vesicle fusion by maintaining the readily releasable pool of secretory vesicles. (Microbial infection) Possible receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD); BoNT/D does not bind to extracellular loop 4 as do BoNT/A and BoNT/E. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (742 aa)
RabifGuanine nucleotide exchange factor MSS4; Guanine-nucleotide-releasing protein that acts on members of the SEC4/YPT1/RAB subfamily. Stimulates GDP release from both YPT1 and RAB3A, but is less active on these proteins than on the SEC4 protein. Might play a general role in vesicular transport (By similarity). Belongs to the DSS4/MSS4 family. (123 aa)
Cplx1Complexin-1; Positively regulates a late step in exocytosis of various cytoplasmic vesicles, such as synaptic vesicles and other secretory vesicles. Organizes the SNAREs into a cross-linked zigzag topology that, when interposed between the vesicle and plasma membranes, is incompatible with fusion, thereby preventing SNAREs from releasing neurotransmitters until an action potential arrives at the synapse. Also involved in glucose-induced secretion of insulin by pancreatic beta-cells. Essential for motor behavior ; Belongs to the complexin/synaphin family. (134 aa)
InaAlpha-internexin; Class-IV neuronal intermediate filament that is able to self- assemble. It is involved in the morphogenesis of neurons. It may form an independent structural network without the involvement of other neurofilaments or it may cooperate with NF-L to form the filamentous backbone to which NF-M and NF-H attach to form the cross-bridges (By similarity). (501 aa)
Calm4Calmodulin-4; Implicated in the early stage of ectopic ossification. (148 aa)
Rab3gap1Rab3 GTPase-activating protein catalytic subunit; Probable catalytic subunit of a GTPase activating protein that has specificity for Rab3 subfamily (RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C and RAB3D). Rab3 proteins are involved in regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitters and hormones. Specifically converts active Rab3-GTP to the inactive form Rab3-GDP. Required for normal eye and brain development. May participate in neurodevelopmental processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation before synapse formation, and non-synaptic vesicular release of neurotransmitters (By similarity). (981 aa)
Gdf5Growth/differentiation factor 5; Growth factor involved in bone and cartilage formation. During cartilage development regulates differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through two pathways. Firstly, positively regulates differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through its binding of high affinity with BMPR1B and of less affinity with BMPR1A, leading to induction of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex phosphorylation and then SMAD protein signaling transduction (By similarity). Secondly, negatively regulates chondrogenic differentiation through its interaction with NOG (By similarity). Required to p [...] (495 aa)
Pebp1Hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide; Binds ATP, opioids and phosphatidylethanolamine. Has lower affinity for phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine. Serine protease inhibitor which inhibits thrombin, neuropsin and chymotrypsin but not trypsin, tissue type plasminogen activator and elastase. Inhibits the kinase activity of RAF1 by inhibiting its activation and by dissociating the RAF1/MEK complex and acting as a competitive inhibitor of MEK phosphorylation (By similarity). (187 aa)
Nipsnap1Protein NipSnap homolog 1; Belongs to the NipSnap family. (284 aa)
Vamp7Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane during transport of proteins from the early endosome to the lysosome. Required for heterotypic fusion of late endosomes with lysosomes and homotypic lysosomal fusion. Required for calcium regulated lysosomal exocytosis. Involved in the export of chylomicrons from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cis Golgi. Required for exocytosis of mediators during eosinophil and neutrophil degranulation, and target cell killing by natural killer cells. Required for focal exocy [...] (220 aa)
Gpr50Melatonin-related receptor; Does not bind melatonin; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. (591 aa)
GfapGlial fibrillary acidic protein; GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells. (430 aa)
SynprSynaptoporin; Intrinsic membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles. Probable vesicular channel protein (By similarity). (285 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Mus musculus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10090
Other names: LK3 transgenic mice, M. musculus, Mus sp. 129SV, house mouse, mouse, nude mice, transgenic mice
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