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Fbp2 Fbp2 G6pdx G6pdx Ddah2 Ddah2 Tktl1 Tktl1 Fads1 Fads1 Pgam1 Pgam1 Ptgds Ptgds Lta4h Lta4h Brca1 Brca1 Aldoc Aldoc Pfkl Pfkl Nampt Nampt Oxsm Oxsm Myc Myc Fads2 Fads2 Aldh18a1 Aldh18a1 Taldo1 Taldo1 Prps2 Prps2 Parp1 Parp1 Gad2 Gad2 Egf Egf Gclm Gclm Ddah1 Ddah1 Aldob Aldob H6pd H6pd Rbks Rbks Ldhb Ldhb Hpgd Hpgd Pkm Pkm Gclc Gclc Pklr Pklr Mif Mif Aldh4a1 Aldh4a1 Degs1 Degs1 Ins1 Ins1 Ptges3 Ptges3 Mcat Mcat Asrgl1 Asrgl1 Pfkm Pfkm Ptgs1 Ptgs1 Rpia Rpia Eno1b Eno1b Eno1 Eno1 Pgk1 Pgk1 Aldoa Aldoa Dera Dera Fbp1 Fbp1 Gad1 Gad1 Grid2 Grid2 Cd74 Cd74 Actb Actb Gapdh Gapdh Pfkp Pfkp Tpi1 Tpi1 G6pd2 G6pd2 Pycr1 Pycr1 Prps1l1 Prps1l1 Tktl2 Tktl2 Aldoa-2 Aldoa-2 Ins2 Ins2 Ldha Ldha
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Fbp2Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations and probably participates in glycogen synthesis from carbohydrate precursors, such as lactate. (339 aa)
G6pdxGlucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase X; Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the oxidative branch within the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative route to glycolysis for the dissimilation of carbohydrates and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for fatty acid and nucleic acid biosynthetic processes. (515 aa)
Ddah2N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2; Hydrolyzes N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) and N(G)- monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA) which act as inhibitors of NOS. Has therefore a role in the regulation of nitric oxide generation (By similarity). (285 aa)
Tktl1Transketolase-like protein 1; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate; Belongs to the transketolase family. (595 aa)
Fads1Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase; Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n- 6) and eicosapentaenoate (E [...] (447 aa)
Pgam1Phosphoglycerate mutase 1; Interconversion of 3- and 2-phosphoglycerate with 2,3- bisphosphoglycerate as the primer of the reaction. Can also catalyze the reaction of EC 5.4.2.4 (synthase), but with a reduced activity. (254 aa)
PtgdsProstaglandin-H2 D-isomerase; Catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophobic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possib [...] (189 aa)
Lta4hLeukotriene A-4 hydrolase; Epoxide hydrolase that catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of the proinflammatory mediator leukotriene B4. Has also aminopeptidase activity. (611 aa)
Brca1Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein homolog; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair by facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage. It is unclear whether it also mediates the formation of other types of polyubiquitin chains. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is required for its tumor suppressor function. The BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain [...] (1812 aa)
AldocFructose-bisphosphate aldolase C; Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family. (363 aa)
PfklATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, liver type; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis (By similarity). Negatively regulates the phagocyte oxidative burst in response to bacterial infection by controlling cellular NADPH biosynthesis and NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. Upon macrophage activation, drives the metabolic switch toward glycolysis, thus preventing glucose turnover that produces NADPH via pentose phosphate pathway ; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) fami [...] (780 aa)
NamptNicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; The secreted form behaves both as a cytokine with immunomodulating properties and an adipokine with anti-diabetic properties, it has no enzymatic activity, partly because of lack of activation by ATP, which has a low level in extracellular space and plasma (By similarity). Catalyzes the condensation of nicotinamide with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to yield nicotinamide mononucleotide, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of NAD. It is the rate limiting component in the mammalian NAD biosynthesis pathway. Plays a role in the modulation of circ [...] (491 aa)
Oxsm3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, mitochondrial; May play a role in the biosynthesis of lipoic acid as well as longer chain fatty acids required for optimal mitochondrial function. (459 aa)
MycMyc proto-oncogene protein; Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis. Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release. (454 aa)
Fads2Acyl-CoA 6-desaturase; Acts as a fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 6 of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step in this pathway which is the desaturation of LA (18:2n-6) and ALA (18:3n-3) into gamma-linoleate (GLA) (18:3n-6) and stearidonate (18:4n-3), respectively. Subsequently, in the biosynthetic pathway of HUFA [...] (444 aa)
Aldh18a1Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase; Bifunctional enzyme that converts glutamate to glutamate 5- semialdehyde, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of proline, ornithine and arginine; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase family. (795 aa)
Taldo1Transaldolase; Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway. (337 aa)
Prps2Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase 2; Catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) that is essential for nucleotide synthesis; Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family. (318 aa)
Parp1Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1; Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP- ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair. Mainly mediates glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins: the ADP-D-ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of glutamate and aspartate residues and further ADP- ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units. Mediates the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a number of proteins, including itself, APLF an [...] (1014 aa)
Gad2Glutamate decarboxylase 2; Catalyzes the production of GABA. (585 aa)
EgfPro-epidermal growth factor; EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6 (By similarity). (1217 aa)
GclmGlutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit; Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. Glutamate-- cysteine ligase light chain subfamily. (274 aa)
Ddah1N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1; Hydrolyzes N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) and N(G)- monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA) which act as inhibitors of NOS. Has therefore a role in the regulation of nitric oxide generation. Belongs to the DDAH family. (285 aa)
AldobFructose-bisphosphate aldolase B. (364 aa)
H6pdGDH/6PGL endoplasmic bifunctional protein; Bifunctional enzyme localized in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes the first two steps of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative to glycolysis and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for biosynthetic processes. Has a hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, with broad substrate specificity compared to glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase/G6PD, and catalyzes the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway. In addition, acts as a 6-phosphogluconolactonase and cata [...] (797 aa)
RbksRibokinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of ribose at O-5 in a reaction requiring ATP and magnesium. The resulting D-ribose-5-phosphate can then be used either for sythesis of nucleotides, histidine, and tryptophan, or as a component of the pentose phosphate pathway. (323 aa)
LdhbL-lactate dehydrogenase B chain; Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family. (334 aa)
Hpgd15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)]; Prostaglandin inactivation. Contributes to the regulation of events that are under the control of prostaglandin levels. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent dehydrogenation of lipoxin A4 to form 15-oxo-lipoxin A4 (By similarity). (269 aa)
PkmPyruvate kinase PKM; Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP (By similarity). Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity). Promotes in a STAT1-dependent manner, the expression of the immune checkpoint protein CD274 in ARNTL/BMAL1-deficient macrophages. (531 aa)
GclcGlutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; Belongs to the glutamate--cysteine ligase type 3 family. (637 aa)
PklrPyruvate kinase PKLR; Plays a key role in glycolysis. (574 aa)
MifMacrophage migration inhibitory factor; Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity (By simi [...] (115 aa)
Aldh4a1Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Irreversible conversion of delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), derived either from proline or ornithine, to glutamate. This is a necessary step in the pathway interconnecting the urea and tricarboxylic acid cycles. The preferred substrate is glutamic gamma- semialdehyde, other substrates include succinic, glutaric and adipic semialdehydes (By similarity). (562 aa)
Degs1Sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase DES1; Has sphingolipid-delta-4-desaturase activity. Converts D- erythro-sphinganine to D-erythro-sphingosine (E-sphing-4-enine). (323 aa)
Ins1Insulin-1 A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (108 aa)
Ptges3Prostaglandin E synthase 3; Cytosolic prostaglandin synthase that catalyzes the oxidoreduction of prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 (PGH2) to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Molecular chaperone that localizes to genomic response elements in a hormone-dependent manner and disrupts receptor-mediated transcriptional activation, by promoting disassembly of transcriptional regulatory complexes. Facilitates HIF alpha proteins hydroxylation via interaction with EGLN1/PHD2, leading to recruit EGLN1/PHD2 to the HSP90 pathway; Belongs to the p23/wos2 family. (160 aa)
McatMalonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the transfer of a malonyl moiety from malonyl-CoA to the free thiol group of the phosphopantetheine arm of the mitochondrial ACP protein (NDUFAB1). This suggests the existence of the biosynthesis of fatty acids in mitochondria (By similarity). Belongs to the type II malonyltransferase family. (381 aa)
Asrgl1Isoaspartyl peptidase/L-asparaginase alpha chain; Has both L-asparaginase and beta-aspartyl peptidase activity. May be involved in the production of L-aspartate, which can act as an excitatory neurotransmitter in some brain regions. Is highly active with L-Asp beta-methyl ester. Besides, has catalytic activity toward beta-aspartyl dipeptides and their methyl esters, including beta-L-Asp- L-Phe, beta-L-Asp-L-Phe methyl ester (aspartame), beta-L-Asp-L-Ala, beta-L-Asp-L-Leu and beta-L-Asp-L-Lys. Does not have aspartylglucosaminidase activity and is inactive toward GlcNAc-L-Asn. Likewise, [...] (326 aa)
PfkmATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, muscle type; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. (780 aa)
Ptgs1Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. (602 aa)
RpiaRibose-5-phosphate isomerase. (303 aa)
Eno1bAlpha-enolase; Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2- phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production; Belongs to the enolase family. (434 aa)
Eno1Enolase 1, alpha non-neuron. (434 aa)
Pgk1Phosphoglycerate kinase 1; Catalyzes one of the two ATP producing reactions in the glycolytic pathway via the reversible conversion of 1,3- diphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. In addition to its role as a glycolytic enzyme, it seems that PGK-1 acts as a polymerase alpha cofactor protein (primer recognition protein). May play a role in sperm motility. (417 aa)
AldoaFructose-bisphosphate aldolase A; Plays a key role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In addition, may also function as scaffolding protein (By similarity). Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family. (418 aa)
DeraDeoxyribose-phosphate aldolase; Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5- phosphate. Participates in stress granule (SG) assembly. May allow ATP production from extracellular deoxyinosine in conditions of energy deprivation. (318 aa)
Fbp1Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations, acting as a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. Plays a role in regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion of pancreatic beta-cells. Appears to modulate glycerol gluconeogenesis in liver. Important regulator of appetite and adiposity; increased expression of the protein in liver after nutrient excess increases circulating satiety hormones and reduces appetite-stimulating neuropeptides and thus seems to provide a feedback mechanism [...] (338 aa)
Gad1Glutamate decarboxylase 1; Catalyzes the production of GABA; Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family. (593 aa)
Grid2Glutamate receptor ionotropic, delta-2; Receptor for glutamate. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. Promotes synaptogenesis and mediates the D-Serine-dependent long term depression signals and AMPA receptor endocytosis of cerebellar parallel fiber- Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synapses through the beta-NRX1-CBLN1-GRID2 triad complex. (1007 aa)
Cd74H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to compartments where peptide loading of class II takes place. Enhance also the stimulation of T-cell responses through interaction with CD44. (279 aa)
ActbActin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed; Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of cells (By similarity). Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and contraction (By similarity). In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA. (375 aa)
GapdhGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubu [...] (359 aa)
PfkpATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. (784 aa)
Tpi1Triosephosphate isomerase; Triosephosphate isomerase is an extremely efficient metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion between dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. (299 aa)
G6pd2Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 2; Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the oxidative branch within the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative route to glycolysis for the dissimilation of carbohydrates and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for fatty acid and nucleic acid biosynthetic processes. (513 aa)
Pycr1Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1, mitochondrial; Housekeeping enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. Can utilize both NAD and NADP, but has higher affinity for NAD. Involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress. (309 aa)
Prps1l1Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1-like 1. (318 aa)
Tktl2Transketolase-like protein 2; Plays an essential role in total transketolase activity and cell proliferation in cancer cells; after transfection with anti-TKTL1 siRNA, total transketolase activity dramatically decreases and proliferation was significantly inhibited in cancer cells. Plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis (By similarity). (627 aa)
Aldoa-2Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A. (138 aa)
Ins2Insulin-2 A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (110 aa)
LdhaL-lactate dehydrogenase A chain; Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family. (361 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Mus musculus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10090
Other names: LK3 transgenic mice, M. musculus, Mus sp. 129SV, house mouse, mouse, nude mice, transgenic mice
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