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Cyp2c29 | Cytochrome P450 2C29; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce 14,15-cis- epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET). (490 aa) | ||||
Aox1 | Aldehyde oxidase 1; Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N-methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Also plays a role in the reductive metabolism of the xenobiotic imid [...] (1333 aa) | ||||
Cyp51 | Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in sterol biosynthesis. Catalyzes 14-alpha demethylation of lanosterol and 24,25- dihydrolanosterol likely through sequential oxidative conversion of 14- alpha methyl group to hydroxymethyl, then to carboxylaldehyde, followed by the formation of the delta 14,15 double bond in the sterol core and concomitant release of formic acid. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P45 [...] (503 aa) | ||||
Pon1 | Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1; Hydrolyzes the toxic metabolites of a variety of organophosphorus insecticides. Capable of hydrolyzing a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and lactones, and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Mediates an enzymatic protection of low density lipoproteins against oxidative modification. Belongs to the paraoxonase family. (355 aa) | ||||
Nqo1 | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1; The enzyme apparently serves as a quinone reductase in connection with conjugation reactions of hydroquinons involved in detoxification pathways as well as in biosynthetic processes such as the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in prothrombin synthesis. (274 aa) | ||||
Adh1 | Alcohol dehydrogenase 1; Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-I subfamily. (375 aa) | ||||
Cyp2b13 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 13; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (491 aa) | ||||
Nr1i3 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3; Binds and transactivates the retinoic acid response elements that control expression of the retinoic acid receptor beta 2 and alcohol dehydrogenase 3 genes. Transactivates both the phenobarbital responsive element module of the human CYP2B6 gene and the CYP3A4 xenobiotic response element (By similarity); Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily. (358 aa) | ||||
Cyp2d26 | Cytochrome P450 2D26; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (500 aa) | ||||
Adh4 | All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH4; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of either all-trans- retinol or 9-cis-retinol (By similarity). Also oxidizes long chain omega-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 20-HETE, producing both the intermediate aldehyde, 20-oxoarachidonate and the end product, a dicarboxylic acid, (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenedioate. Also catalyzes the reduction of benzoquinones (By similarity); Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-II subfamily. (377 aa) | ||||
Hnf4a | Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha; Transcriptional regulator which controls the expression of hepatic genes during the transition of endodermal cells to hepatic progenitor cells, facilitatating the recruitment of RNA pol II to the promoters of target genes (By similarity). Activates the transcription of CYP2C38. Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 transcriptional activity and is essential for circadian rhythm maintenance and period regulation in the liver and colon cells ; Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily. (474 aa) | ||||
Aldh3a1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring; ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol- derived acetaldehyde (Probable). They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation (Probable). Oxidizes medium and long chain aldehydes into non-toxic fatty acids. Preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates. Comprises about 50 percent of corneal epithelial soluble proteins. May play a role in preventing corneal damage caused by ultraviolet light. (453 aa) | ||||
Akr1c6 | Estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase 5; Active toward androgens, estrogens, and xenobiotic substrates. Also exhibits low 20 alpha-HSD activity. Shows a- stereospecificity in hydrogen transfer between cofactors and substrates (A-specific). Preferentially catalyzes the reduction of 4- androstenedione, 5-alpha-androstane-3,17-dione, androsterone and dehydroepiandrosterone to testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, 5-alpha- androstane-3-alpha,17-beta-diol and 5-androstene-3-beta,17-beta-diol, respectively; Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. (323 aa) | ||||
Akr1c13 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C13; Catalyzes the dehydrogenation of 17-beta-hydroxysteroids. May also exhibit significant activity with a variety of cyclic and alicyclic alcohols. Uses both NAD and NADP, but the activity is much greater with NAD than with NADP (By similarity). (323 aa) | ||||
Serf1 | Small EDRK-rich factor 1; Positive regulator of amyloid protein aggregation and proteotoxicity (By similarity). Induces conformational changes in amyloid proteins, such as APP, HTT, and SNCA, driving them into compact formations preceding the formation of aggregates (By similarity). Belongs to the SERF family. (62 aa) | ||||
Cyp2d22 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 22; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (500 aa) | ||||
Nr1i2 | Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2; Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by a variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, endogenous compounds and drugs. Response to specific ligands is species-specific, due to differences in the ligand-binding domain. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes (By similarity). Activated by naturally occurring steroids such as pregnenolone and pro [...] (431 aa) | ||||
Cyp26a1 | Cytochrome P450 26A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a signaling molecule that binds to retinoic acid receptors and regulates gene transcription. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH- ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bonds of atRA primarily at C-4 and C-18. Has no activity toward 9-cis and 13-cis retinoic acid st [...] (497 aa) | ||||
Cyp2c55 | Cytochrome P450 2C55; Metabolizes arachidonic acid mainly to 19- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) | ||||
Cyp17a1 | Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in corticoid and androgen biosynthesis. Catalyzes 17-alpha hydroxylation of C21 steroids, which is common for both pathways. A second oxidative step, required only for androgen synthesis, involves an acyl-carbon cleavage. The 17-alpha hydroxy intermediates, as part of adrenal glucocorticoids biosynthesis pathway, are precursors of cortisol. Hydroxylates steroid hormones, pregnenolone and progesterone to form 17-alpha hydroxy metabolites, followed by the cleavage of the C17-C20 bond to form C19 steroids, [...] (507 aa) | ||||
Maoa | Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A; Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOA preferentially oxidizes biogenic amines such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine and epinephrine (By similarity). (526 aa) | ||||
Aldh9a1 | 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase; Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma- butyrobetaine with high efficiency (in vitro). Can catalyze the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction, but with low efficiency. (518 aa) | ||||
Cyp2j5 | Cytochrome P450 2J5. (501 aa) | ||||
Cyp2j6 | Cytochrome P450 2J6. (501 aa) | ||||
Akr1a1 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosaccharides and bile acids, with a preference for negatively charged substrates, such as glucuronate and succinic semialdehyde (By similarity). Plays an important role in ascorbic acid biosynthesis by catalyzing the reduction of D-glucuronic acid and D-glucurono-gamma-lactone. Functions as a detoxifiying enzyme b [...] (325 aa) | ||||
Cyp4a14 | Cytochrome P450 4A14; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of saturated carbon hydrogen bonds of fatty acids. May act as a major omega- and ommega-1 hydroxylase for dodecanoic (lauric) acid in kidney. Catalyzes with low efficiency the epoxidation of 11,12-double bond of arachidonic acid. (507 aa) | ||||
Cyp3a13 | Cytochrome P450 3A13; Can activate aflatoxin B1 to a genotoxic product. (503 aa) | ||||
Pon3 | Serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3; Has low activity towards the organophosphate paraxon and aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Rapidly hydrolyzes lactones such as statin prodrugs (e.g. lovastatin). Hydrolyzes aromatic lactones and 5- or 6-member ring lactones with aliphatic substituents but not simple lactones or those with polar substituents (By similarity). (354 aa) | ||||
Ces1d | Carboxylesterase 1D; Major lipase in white adipose tissue. Involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and of natural substrates. Hydrolyzes triacylglycerols and monoacylglycerols, with a preference for monoacylglycerols. The susceptibility of the substrate increases with decreasing acyl chain length of the fatty acid moiety. Catalyzes the synthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters. (565 aa) | ||||
Ces2a | Pyrethroid hydrolase Ces2a; Carboxylesterases that catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrethroids pesticides. Hydrolyzes permethrin faster than cypermethrin. (558 aa) | ||||
Aldh1a2 | Retinal dehydrogenase 2; Converts retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal (By similarity). Lacks activity with benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and octanal. Displays complete lack of activity with citral (By similarity). (518 aa) | ||||
Cyp1a2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E [...] (513 aa) | ||||
Cyp3a11 | Cytochrome P450 3A11; Catalyzes erythromycin N-demethylation, nifedipine oxidation and testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (504 aa) | ||||
Aldh8a1 | 2-aminomuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of 2-aminomuconic semialdehyde of the kynurenine metabolic pathway in L-tryptophan degradation. (487 aa) | ||||
Aldh4a1 | Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Irreversible conversion of delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), derived either from proline or ornithine, to glutamate. This is a necessary step in the pathway interconnecting the urea and tricarboxylic acid cycles. The preferred substrate is glutamic gamma- semialdehyde, other substrates include succinic, glutaric and adipic semialdehydes (By similarity). (562 aa) | ||||
Cyp2c37 | Cytochrome P450 2C37; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to produce 12- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE); Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) | ||||
Ppig | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase G; PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding. May be implicated in the folding, transport, and assembly of proteins. May play an important role in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing. (752 aa) | ||||
Cyp2g1 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (494 aa) | ||||
Akr1d1 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1; Catalyzes the stereospecific NADPH-dependent reduction of the C4-C5 double bond of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta(4)-3-one structure to yield an A/B cis-ring junction. This cis-configuration is crucial for bile acid biosynthesis and plays important roles in steroid metabolism. Capable of reducing a broad range of delta-(4)-3-ketosteroids from C18 (such as, 17beta- hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one) to C27 (such as, 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3- one); Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. (325 aa) | ||||
Aox3 | Aldehyde oxidase 3; Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal and pyridoxal. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also may catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with N [...] (1335 aa) | ||||
Cbr1 | Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1; NADPH-dependent reductase with broad substrate specificity. Catalyzes the reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds including quinones, prostaglandins, menadione, plus various xenobiotics. Catalyzes the reduction of the antitumor anthracyclines doxorubicin and daunorubicin to the cardiotoxic compounds doxorubicinol and daunorubicinol. Can convert prostaglandin E2 to prostaglandin F2- alpha. Can bind glutathione, which explains its higher affinity for glutathione-conjugated substrates. Catalyzes the reduction of S- nitrosoglutathione (By similarity) [...] (277 aa) | ||||
Cyp2j9 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 9; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (502 aa) | ||||
Cyp4f14 | Leukotriene-B4 omega-hydroxylase 3; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. Catalyzes the omega-hydroxylation of LTB4 (By similarity). (524 aa) | ||||
Nqo2 | Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]; The enzyme apparently serves as a quinone reductase in connection with conjugation reactions of hydroquinones involved in detoxification pathways as well as in biosynthetic processes such as the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in prothrombin synthesis. (231 aa) | ||||
Cyp4a10 | Cytochrome P450 4A10; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (509 aa) | ||||
Pon2 | Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 2; Capable of hydrolyzing lactones and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters; Belongs to the paraoxonase family. (354 aa) | ||||
Acox1 | Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1, A chain; Catalyzes the desaturation of acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs (By similarity). Isoform 1 shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs and activity decreases with increasing chain length (By similarity). Isoform 2 is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards very long-chain acyl-CoAs (By similarity). (661 aa) | ||||
Aldh7a1 | Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Multifunctional enzyme mediating important protective effects. Metabolizes betaine aldehyde to betaine, an important cellular osmolyte and methyl donor. Protects cells from oxidative stress by metabolizing a number of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes. Involved in lysine catabolism (By similarity). (539 aa) | ||||
Ephx2 | Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2; Bifunctional enzyme. The C-terminal domain has epoxide hydrolase activity and acts on epoxides (alkene oxides, oxiranes) and arene oxides. Plays a role in xenobiotic metabolism by degrading potentially toxic epoxides. Also determines steady-state levels of physiological mediators. The N-terminal domain has lipid phosphatase activity, with the highest activity towards threo-9,10-phosphonooxy- hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, followed by erythro-9,10-phosphonooxy- hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9Z-enoic acid and 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9E-e [...] (554 aa) | ||||
Cyp2b10 | Cytochrome P450 2B10; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (491 aa) | ||||
Aldh3a2 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A2; Catalyzes the oxidation of medium and long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length. Responsible for conversion of the sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P) degradation product hexadecenal to hexadecenoic acid. (484 aa) | ||||
Cyp2a12 | Cytochrome P450 2A12; Highly active in the 7-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. (492 aa) | ||||
Cyp3a41b | Cytochrome P450 3A41. (504 aa) | ||||
Cyp2c50 | Cytochrome P450 2C50; Metabolizes arachidonic acid to several midchain and omega- terminal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE). (490 aa) | ||||
Akr1c20 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C20. (323 aa) | ||||
Cyp4a12a | Cytochrome P450 4A12A; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and their oxygenated derivatives (oxylipins). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes predominantly the oxidation of the terminal carbon (omega- oxidation) of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. May act as a major omega-hydroxylase for dodecanoic (lauric) acid in kidney. Participates [...] (508 aa) | ||||
Cyp2d9 | Cytochrome P450 2D9; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (504 aa) | ||||
Adh7 | All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH7; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of all-trans-retinol, alcohol, aldehyde and omega-hydroxy fatty acids and their derivatives. Oxidizes preferentially all trans-retinol, all-trans-4-hydroxyretinol, 9-cis-retinol, 2-hexenol, and long chain omega-hydroxy fatty acids such as juniperic acid. In vitro can also catalyzes the NADH-dependent reduction of all-trans-retinal and aldehydes and their derivatives. Reduces preferentially all trans-retinal, all-trans-4-oxoretinal and hexanal. Catalyzes in the oxidative direction with higher efficiency [...] (374 aa) | ||||
Akr1e1 | 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose reductase; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of 1,5-anhydro-D- fructose (AF) to 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol; Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. (301 aa) | ||||
Ces3a | Carboxylesterase 3A; Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family. (571 aa) | ||||
Cyp3a41a | Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 41A. (504 aa) | ||||
Cyp2a4 | Cytochrome P450 2A4; Highly active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. Also active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of progesterone and androstenedione. Little or no activity on corticosterone, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol or estriol; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (494 aa) | ||||
Akr1b3 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosacharides, bile acids and xenobiotics substrates. Key enzyme in the polyol pathway, catalyzes reduction of glucose to sorbitol during hyperglycemia. Reduces steroids and their derivatives and prostaglandins. Displays low enzymatic activity toward all-trans-retinal, 9-cis-retinal, and 13-cis- retinal. Catalyzes t [...] (316 aa) | ||||
Nr1h4 | Bile acid receptor; Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor for bile acids (BAs) such as chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA) and allocholic acid (ACA). Plays a essential role in BA homeostasis through the regulation of genes involved in BA synthesis, conjugation and enterohepatic circulation. Also regulates lipid and glucose homeostasis and is involved in innate immune response. The FXR-RXR heterodimer binds predominantly to farnesoid X receptor response elements (FXREs) containing two inverted repeats of the consensus sequence 5'-AGGTCA-3' in [...] (488 aa) | ||||
Ppara | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn- glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and [...] (468 aa) | ||||
Nr1h3 | Oxysterols receptor LXR-alpha; Nuclear receptor that exhibits a ligand-dependent transcriptional activation activity. Interaction with retinoic acid receptor (RXR) shifts RXR from its role as a silent DNA-binding partner to an active ligand- binding subunit in mediating retinoid responses through target genes defined by LXRES. LXRES are DR4-type response elements characterized by direct repeats of two similar hexanuclotide half-sites spaced by four nucleotides. Plays an important role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, regulating cholesterol uptake through MYLIP-dependent ub [...] (445 aa) | ||||
Ahr | Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Ligand-activated transcriptional activator. Binds to the XRE promoter region of genes it activates. Activates the expression of multiple phase I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme genes (such as the CYP1A1 gene). Mediates biochemical and toxic effects of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Involved in cell-cycle regulation. Likely to play an important role in the development and maturation of many tissues. Regulates the circadian clock by inhibiting the basal and circadian expression of the core circadian component PER1. Inhibits PER1 by repressing [...] (805 aa) | ||||
Akr1c19 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C19. (323 aa) | ||||
Gapdh | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubu [...] (359 aa) | ||||
Cyp4f15 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 15; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (534 aa) | ||||
Cyp27b1 | 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in vitamin D metabolism and in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the activation of vitamin D in the kidney, namely the hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3/calcidiol at the C1-alpha position to form the hormonally active form of vitamin D3, 1alpha,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3/calcitriol that acts via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Has 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity on vitamin D intermediates of the CYP24A1-mediated inactivation pathway. Converts 24R,25-dihydro [...] (507 aa) | ||||
Aldh1a1 | Retinal dehydrogenase 1; Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. Binds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal (By similarity). May have a broader specificity and oxidize other aldehydes in vivo (By similarity). (501 aa) |