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Cdh16 | Cadherin-16; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. (830 aa) | ||||
Ctns | Cystinosin; Cystine/H(+) symporter thought to transport cystine out of lysosomes. Plays an important role in melanin synthesis, possibly by preventing melanosome acidification and subsequent degradation of tyrosinase TYR; Belongs to the cystinosin family. (367 aa) | ||||
Gapdh | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubu [...] (359 aa) | ||||
Mcoln1 | Mucolipin-1; Nonselective cation channel probably playing a role in the regulation of membrane trafficking events and of metal homeostasis. Proposed to play a major role in Ca(2+) release from late endosome and lysosome vesicles to the cytoplasm, which is important for many lysosome-dependent cellular events, including the fusion and trafficking of these organelles, exocytosis and autophagy. Required for efficient uptake of large particles in macrophages in which Ca(2+) release from the lysosomes triggers lysosomal exocytosis. May also play a role in phagosome-lysosome fusion. Involved [...] (580 aa) | ||||
Rps6kb1 | Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression. Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex. Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTO [...] (525 aa) | ||||
Synj2bp | Synaptojanin-2-binding protein; Isoform 1 regulates endocytosis of activin type 2 receptor kinases through the Ral/RALBP1-dependent pathway and may be involved in suppression of activin-induced signal transduction. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 show a stimulatory affect on activin-induced signal transduction and enhance activin type 2 expression at the cell surface. (145 aa) | ||||
Gba | Lysosomal acid glucosylceramidase; Glucosylceramidase that catalyzes, within the lysosomal compartment, the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide/GlcCer into free ceramide and glucose. Thereby, plays a central role in the degradation of complex lipids and the turnover of cellular membranes. Through the production of ceramides, participates to the PKC-activated salvage pathway of ceramide formation (By similarity). Also plays a role in cholesterol metabolism. May either catalyze the glucosylation of cholesterol, through a transglucosylation reaction that transfers glucose from glucosylceramide [...] (515 aa) | ||||
Gm20498 | Predicted gene 20498. (182 aa) | ||||
Lmnb2 | Lamin-B2; Lamins are components of the nuclear lamina, a fibrous layer on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane, which is thought to provide a framework for the nuclear envelope and may also interact with chromatin. (596 aa) | ||||
Ulk1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Acts upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PIK3C3 to regulate the formation of autophagophores, the precursors of autophagosomes. Part of regulatory feedback loops in autophagy: acts both as a downstream effector and negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) via interaction with RPTOR. Activated via phosphorylation by AMPK and also acts as a regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation of AMPK subunits PRKAA1, PRKAB2 and PRKAG1, leadi [...] (1057 aa) | ||||
Sqstm1 | Sequestosome-1; Autophagy receptor required for selective macroautophagy (aggrephagy). Functions as a bridge between polyubiquitinated cargo and autophagosomes. Interacts directly with both the cargo to become degraded and an autophagy modifier of the MAP1 LC3 family. Required both for the formation and autophagic degradation of polyubiquitin- containing bodies, called ALIS (aggresome-like induced structures) and links ALIS to the autophagic machinery. Involved in midbody ring degradation (By similarity). May regulate the activation of NFKB1 by TNF-alpha, nerve growth factor (NGF) and [...] (442 aa) | ||||
Npc1 | NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1; Intracellular cholesterol transporter which acts in concert with NPC2 and plays an important role in the egress of cholesterol from the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Unesterified cholesterol that has been released from LDLs in the lumen of the late endosomes/lysosomes is transferred by NPC2 to the cholesterol-binding pocket in the N-terminal domain of NPC1. Cholesterol binds to NPC1 with the hydroxyl group buried in the binding pocket (By similarity). May play a role in vesicular trafficking in glia, a process that may be crucial for main [...] (1277 aa) | ||||
Tfeb | Transcription factor EB; Transcription factor that specifically recognizes and binds E-box sequences (5'-CANNTG-3'). Efficient DNA-binding requires dimerization with itself or with another MiT/TFE family member such as TFE3 or MITF. In association with TFE3, activates the expression of CD40L in T-cells, thereby playing a role in T-cell-dependent antibody responses in activated CD4(+) T-cells and thymus-dependent humoral immunity. Specifically recognizes and binds the CLEAR-box sequence (5'- GTCACGTGAC-3') present in the regulatory region of many lysosomal genes, leading to activate the [...] (534 aa) | ||||
Rhebl1 | GTPase RhebL1; Binds GTP and exhibits intrinsic GTPase activity. May activate NF-kappa-B-mediated gene transcription. Promotes signal transduction through MTOR, activates RPS6KB1, and is a downstream target of the small GTPase-activating proteins TSC1 and TSC2 (By similarity). (184 aa) | ||||
Gart | Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the GARS family. In the C-terminal section; belongs to the GART family. (1010 aa) | ||||
Lmnb1 | Lamin-B1; Lamins are components of the nuclear lamina, a fibrous layer on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane, which is thought to provide a framework for the nuclear envelope and may also interact with chromatin. (588 aa) | ||||
Rptor | Regulatory-associated protein of mTOR; Involved in the control of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity which regulates cell growth and survival, and autophagy in response to nutrient and hormonal signals; functions as a scaffold for recruiting mTORC1 substrates. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino acids. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves a AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1- TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Amino acid-signaling to mTO [...] (1335 aa) | ||||
Hprt | Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase; Converts guanine to guanosine monophosphate, and hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate. Transfers the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5- phosphoribosylpyrophosphate onto the purine. Plays a central role in the generation of purine nucleotides through the purine salvage pathway (By similarity). (218 aa) | ||||
Rheb | GTP-binding protein Rheb; Activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of apoptosis. Stimulates the phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 through activation of mTORC1 signaling. Has low intrinsic GTPase activity. (184 aa) | ||||
Alb | Serum albumin; Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc (By similarity). Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (B [...] (608 aa) | ||||
Lamp1 | Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1; Presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins. Also implicated in tumor cell metastasis. (406 aa) | ||||
Efna5 | Ephrin-A5; Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Induces compartmentalized signaling within a caveolae-like memb [...] (228 aa) | ||||
Tsc2 | Tuberin; In complex with TSC1, this tumor suppressor inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling (By similarity). Acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase RHEB, a direct activator of the protein kinase activity of mTORC1 (By similarity). May also play a role in microtubule-mediated protein transport. Also stimulates the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Ras-related proteins RAP1A and RAB5 (By similarity). (1742 aa) | ||||
Rragd | Ras-related GTP-binding protein D; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein forming heterodimeric Rag complexes required for the amino acid-induced relocalization of mTORC1 to the lysosomes and its subsequent activation by the GTPase RHEB. This is a crucial step in the activation of the TOR signaling cascade by amino acids (By similarity). (399 aa) | ||||
Mtor | Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis (By similarity). This includes phosph [...] (2549 aa) | ||||
B2m | Beta-2-microglobulin; Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system; Belongs to the beta-2-microglobulin family. (119 aa) | ||||
Flcn | Folliculin; May be a tumor suppressor. May be involved in energy and/or nutrient sensing through the AMPK and mTOR signaling pathways. May regulate phosphorylation of RPS6KB1; Belongs to the folliculin family. (579 aa) |